Question 1

A region of the genome encodes a protein, and thus it contains a(n)

Accepted Answer

A)  transposon. 
B)  open reading frame. 
C)  microRNA gene. 
D)  tRNA gene. 
E)  enhancers. 
A)  transposon. 
B)  open reading frame. 
C)  microRNA gene. 
D)  tRNA gene. 
E)  enhancers.

Question 2

A study comparing the proteins that are produced in sperm cells to those of skin cells would be an example of

Accepted Answer

A)  comparative genomics. 
B)  functional genomics. 
C)  pharmacogenomics. 
D)  metabolomics. 
E)  proteomics. 
A)  comparative genomics. 
B)  functional genomics. 
C)  pharmacogenomics. 
D)  metabolomics. 
E)  proteomics.

Question 3

Prokaryotic genomes

Accepted Answer

A)  usually have introns. 
B)  are composed mainly of noncoding DNA. 
C)  usually have hundreds of millions of nucleotides. 
D)  often have small circular DNA molecules that can be transferred across cells. 
E)  have several chromosomes. 
A)  usually have introns. 
B)  are composed mainly of noncoding DNA. 
C)  usually have hundreds of millions of nucleotides. 
D)  often have small circular DNA molecules that can be transferred across cells. 
E)  have several chromosomes.

Question 4

Sequencing of the DNA from a chromosome in a eukaryote

Accepted Answer

A)  does not require separation of the two DNA strands. 
B)  involves the generation of overlapping fragments of DNA and computer analysis to arrange the fragments in the correct order. 
C)  is relatively easy because eukaryotic chromosomal DNA is small. 
D)  can be performed without amplification of DNA. 
E)  is time consuming because it requires both strands of complementary DNA to be sequenced. 
A)  does not require separation of the two DNA strands. 
B)  involves the generation of overlapping fragments of DNA and computer analysis to arrange the fragments in the correct order. 
C)  is relatively easy because eukaryotic chromosomal DNA is small. 
D)  can be performed without amplification of DNA. 
E)  is time consuming because it requires both strands of complementary DNA to be sequenced.

Question 5

Refer to the table showing several prokaryote (bacterial) species (labeled A-E) that have been sequenced, along with the findings of the genes they contain.(Note: "x" marks the species possessing a functional copy of the gene.) Gene 1 is essential for the synthesis of several amino acids.Gene 2 encodes a protein involved in strengthening the cell wall.Gene 3 produces an enzyme that breaks down methane.The functions of the other five genes are currently unknown.   Species A and B are closely related, while the others are not.Which species pairs most likely exchanged genes?

Accepted Answer

A)  Species A and C 
B)  Species A and E 
C)  Species B and D 
D)  Species C and D 
E)  Species D and E 
A)  Species A and C 
B)  Species A and E 
C)  Species B and D 
D)  Species C and D 
E)  Species D and E

Question 6

Positions 4376, 5674, 6745, and 6799 along a gene are polymorphic.Alleles at these sites are usually inherited together as a block, instead of being independent.This block is an example of a(n)

Accepted Answer

A)  SNP. 
B)  haplotype. 
C)  LINE. 
D)  SINE. 
E)  pseudogene. 
A)  SNP. 
B)  haplotype. 
C)  LINE. 
D)  SINE. 
E)  pseudogene.

Question 7

A hormone is produced to regulate water balance.It would be considered a(n)

Accepted Answer

A)  primary metabolite. 
B)  secondary metabolite. 
C)  haplotype. 
D)  proteome. 
E)  enzyme. 
A)  primary metabolite. 
B)  secondary metabolite. 
C)  haplotype. 
D)  proteome. 
E)  enzyme.

Question 8

A universal adapter used in a DNA sequencing run starts 5′-AGTACCG…, with "…" representing many nucleotides.What would be the start of the corresponding universal primer?

Accepted Answer

A)  5′-AGTACCG…-3′ 
B)  5′-…TCATGGC-3′ 
C)  5′-TGTACCG…-3′ 
D)  5′-…UCAUGGC-3′ 
E)  5′-AGUUAGU…-3′ 
A)  5′-AGTACCG…-3′ 
B)  5′-…TCATGGC-3′ 
C)  5′-TGTACCG…-3′ 
D)  5′-…UCAUGGC-3′ 
E)  5′-AGUUAGU…-3′

Question 9

Which statement best supports the notion that humans and Neanderthals should be considered separate species?

Accepted Answer

A)  Neanderthals have a FOXP2 protein that is identical to the human variant. 
B)  Some Neanderthals may have had red hair. 
C)  Neanderthals lived in Europe less than 50,000 years ago. 
D)  Humans and Neanderthals differ in chromosomal rearrangements. 
E)  Neanderthal DNA variants have been found in many human populations. 
A)  Neanderthals have a FOXP2 protein that is identical to the human variant. 
B)  Some Neanderthals may have had red hair. 
C)  Neanderthals lived in Europe less than 50,000 years ago. 
D)  Humans and Neanderthals differ in chromosomal rearrangements. 
E)  Neanderthal DNA variants have been found in many human populations.

Exam 17: Genomes

A region of the genome encodes a protein, and thus it contains a(n)

A study comparing the proteins that are produced in sperm cells to those of skin cells would be an example of

Prokaryotic genomes

Sequencing of the DNA from a chromosome in a eukaryote

Positions 4376, 5674, 6745, and 6799 along a gene are polymorphic.Alleles at these sites are usually inherited together as a block, instead of being independent.This block is an example of a(n)

A hormone is produced to regulate water balance.It would be considered a(n)

A universal adapter used in a DNA sequencing run starts 5′-AGTACCG…, with "…" representing many nucleotides.What would be the start of the corresponding universal primer?

Which statement best supports the notion that humans and Neanderthals should be considered separate species?

Studying Life

Small Molecules and the Chemistry of Life

Proteins, Carbohydrates, and Lipids

Nucleic Acids and the Origin of Life

Cells: the Working Units of Life

Cell Membranes

Cell Communication and Multicellularity

Energy, Enzymes, and Metabolism

Pathways That Harvest Chemical Energy

Photosynthesis: Energy From Sunlight

The Cell Cycle and Cell Division

Inheritance, Genes, and Chromosomes

Dna and Its Role in Heredity

From Dna to Protein: Gene Expression

Gene Mutation and Molecular Medicine

Regulation of Gene Expression

Recombinant Dna and Biotechnology

Mechanisms of Evolution

Reconstructing and Using Phylogenies

Speciation

Evolution of Genes and Genomes

The History of Life on Earth

Bacteria, Archaea, and Viruses

The Origin and Diversification of Eukaryotes

Plants Without Seeds: From Water to Land

The Evolution of Seed Plants

The Evolution and Diversity of Fungi

Animal Origins and the Evolution of Body Plans

Protostome Animals

Deuterostome Animals

The Plant Body

Transport in Plants

Plant Nutrition

Regulation of Plant Growth

Reproduction in Flowering Plants

Plant Responses to Environmental Challenges

Physiology, Homeostasis, and Temperature Regulation

Animal Hormones

Immunology: Animal Defense Systems

Animal Reproduction

Animal Development

Neurons, Glia, and Nervous Systems

Sensory Systems

The Mammalian Nervous System: Structure and Higher Functions

Musculoskeletal Systems

Gas Exchange

Circulatory Systems

Nutrition, Digestion, and Absorption

Salt and Water Balance and Nitrogen Excretion

Animal Behavior

The Physical Environment and Biogeography of Life

Populations

Species Interactions

Communities

Ecosystems

A Changing Biosphere

Filters