Exam 22: Speciation

Which process or event was required for sympatric speciation in the apple maggot fly?

Two populations of annelids (worms) live in distinct areas and on different soil types.Researchers are interested as to whether the populations have acquired different types of reproductive isolation.Which method would be best to determine whether two populations exhibited gametic isolation?

Linnaeus developed the binominal classification system of nomenclature and classified organisms based on a(n) _______ species concept.

A species of dragonfly arises within the same range where the parent populations are located.This is most likely an example of

An evolutionary biologist makes decisions about whether to classify different salmon populations as separate species based on their phylogenies.This biologist is most likely employing the _______ species concept.

Drosophila pseudoobscura and D.persimilis are two fly species that live in the western United States.The smaller geographic range of D.persimilis is enclosed within the range of D.pseudoobscura.Research shows that D.pseudoobscura taken from areas that overlap with D.persimilis are less likely to mate with D.persimilis than are the D.pseudoobscura flies from populations that do not come into contact D.persimilis.What is the most likely explanation for these results?

What is the expected ploidy level of an F₁ hybrid offspring of an octaploid father and a diploid mother?

Which ranking correctly indicates the expected rate of speciation, from highest to lowest, of plants pollinated by wind, by animals that are generalist pollinators, and by animals that are specialist pollinators?

In the eastern United States, populations of the white-footed mouse, Peromyscus leucopus, can be found almost continuously from Maine to Georgia.Even though individuals from the Maine and Georgia populations never come into contact, they could still be considered part of the same species under the _______ species concept because they can potentially interbreed.

Refer to the diagram below showing the first steps in speciation. What type of speciation is represented in the diagram? What, if any, barriers are present.

The morphological species concept, used by Linnaeus to describe and name thousands of species, can be problematic for many reasons.Which is not one of its limitations?

Refer to the table. Certain populations of a copepod (a planktonic crustacean) may be reproductively isolated, even though females will mate with any male.Here, three females from one of the populations are placed with three males from another population.The diagonals represent crosses made between males and females of the same population.The numbers of offspring produced are listed in the table.Which cross shows reproductive isolation?

Species of lacewings apparently evolved reproductive isolation without geographical isolation.This is an example of _______ speciation.

The vegetable we know as the potato resulted from naturally occurring genome doubling within one species.In other words, the potato has twice as many chromosomes as the ancestor it was derived from.The potato could therefore be described as being the result of the process known as

Refer to the table. Certain populations of a copepod (a planktonic crustacean) may be reproductively isolated, even though females will mate with any male.Here, three females from one of the populations are placed with three males from another population.The diagonals represent crosses made between males and females of the same population.The numbers of offspring produced are listed in the table.Population 3 shows reproductive isolation with Population(s) _______.(Enter as many as there are.If the population does not show reproductive isolation with any of the other populations, write in zero).

Which statement about speciation is true?

When the most recent glacial period ended, ice sheets that had covered most of Canada retreated, and landscapes were opened up for plants and animals to colonize.In British Columbia, rivers and lakes were colonized by small fish called three-spined sticklebacks about 15,000 years ago.They swam upstream and became relatively isolated populations, each in their own small lake, separated by streams from other lakes.In each of at least six lakes in which they have been studied, there are species pairs; one species swimming close under the surface, snatching insects, the other swimming near the bottom, eating small crustaceans in the mud.This appears to be an example in which _______ may have led to rapid speciation.

Refer to the figure showing speciation by centric fusion. Which statement about the figure is false?

Darwin's finches on the Galápagos Islands

An evolutionary biologist makes decisions about whether to consider three different populations of damselflies as separate species, based on observations of the individuals with which these damselflies will mate.All combinations of these populations are able to mate with one another and all combinations produced offspring.This biologist is most likely employing _______ species concept.