Question 1

Griffith was able to distinguish two strains of pneumococcus by means of

Accepted Answer

A)  the appearance of their colonies in culture. 
B)  their different rates of replication in culture. 
C)  a difference in size. 
D)  a difference in color. 
E)  a difference in the temperatures required to kill them. 
A)  the appearance of their colonies in culture. 
B)  their different rates of replication in culture. 
C)  a difference in size. 
D)  a difference in color. 
E)  a difference in the temperatures required to kill them.

Question 2

Thirty percent of the bases in a sample of DNA extracted from eukaryotic cells are adenine.What percentage of the bases are cytosine in this DNA?

Accepted Answer

A)  10 
B)  20 
C)  30 
D)  40 
E)  50 
A)  10 
B)  20 
C)  30 
D)  40 
E)  50

Question 3

Refer to the figure, which illustrates the chemical structure of DNA.   Which label corresponds to a phosphate group?

Accepted Answer

A)  A 
B)  B 
C)  C 
D)  D 
E)  E 
A)  A 
B)  B 
C)  C 
D)  D 
E)  E

Question 4

Exposure to sunlight induces thymine dimers in the DNA of skin fibroblasts.To protect against cancer development, the cells will use the _______ DNA repair mechanism to repair the damage.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Exposure to sunlight induces thymine dimers in...

Question 5

In the Meselson-Stahl experiment, which observation ruled out the conservative model of DNA replication?

Accepted Answer

A)  No completely "heavy" DNA was observed after the first round of replication. 
B)  No completely "light" DNA ever appeared, even after several replications. 
C)  The product that accumulated after two rounds of replication was completely "heavy." 
D)  Completely "heavy" DNA was observed throughout the experiment. 
E)  Three different DNA densities were observed after a single round of replication. 
A)  No completely "heavy" DNA was observed after the first round of replication. 
B)  No completely "light" DNA ever appeared, even after several replications. 
C)  The product that accumulated after two rounds of replication was completely "heavy." 
D)  Completely "heavy" DNA was observed throughout the experiment. 
E)  Three different DNA densities were observed after a single round of replication.

Question 6

What local effect would an RNA synthesis inhibitor have on DNA replication?

Accepted Answer

A)  Primase would not be able to add bases to the DNA. 
B)  Primase would not be able to use DNA as a template. 
C)  Primase would be blocked from joining the DNA replication complex. 
D)  Primase would not be able to provide primers for DNA polymerases. 
E)  There would be no effect on DNA replication. 
A)  Primase would not be able to add bases to the DNA. 
B)  Primase would not be able to use DNA as a template. 
C)  Primase would be blocked from joining the DNA replication complex. 
D)  Primase would not be able to provide primers for DNA polymerases. 
E)  There would be no effect on DNA replication.

Question 7

In a population of cells on the inner surface of the intestine, the cells frequently divide.Therefore, these cells are likely to

Accepted Answer

A)  have high levels of telomerase. 
B)  have very low levels of telomerase. 
C)  undergo the polymerase chain reaction. 
D)  lack DNA polymerase. 
E)  lack Okazaki fragments. 
A)  have high levels of telomerase. 
B)  have very low levels of telomerase. 
C)  undergo the polymerase chain reaction. 
D)  lack DNA polymerase. 
E)  lack Okazaki fragments.

Question 8

In one Hershey and Chase experiment, bacteriophage nucleic acids were labeled by carrying out an infection of E.coli cells growing in

Accepted Answer

A)  14C-labeled CO2. 
B)  3H-labeled water. 
C)  32P-labeled phosphate. 
D)  35S-labeled sulfate. 
E)  18O-labeled water. 
A)  14C-labeled CO2. 
B)  3H-labeled water. 
C)  32P-labeled phosphate. 
D)  35S-labeled sulfate. 
E)  18O-labeled water.

Question 9

What feature of DNA did Watson and Crick suggest would provide clues about how it is copied?

Accepted Answer

A)  DNA is antiparallel. 
B)  Each base pairs with its complement. 
C)  DNA has a major groove and a minor groove. 
D)  DNA has a sugar-phosphate backbone. 
E)  There are ten base pairs per turn of the helix. 
A)  DNA is antiparallel. 
B)  Each base pairs with its complement. 
C)  DNA has a major groove and a minor groove. 
D)  DNA has a sugar-phosphate backbone. 
E)  There are ten base pairs per turn of the helix.

Question 10

Which physical feature of DNA is affected by the pairing of purines with pyrimidines?

Accepted Answer

A)  Its length 
B)  Its width 
C)  Its parallel nature 
D)  Its helical structure 
E)  Its helix length 
A)  Its length 
B)  Its width 
C)  Its parallel nature 
D)  Its helical structure 
E)  Its helix length

Question 11

In the Hershey and Chase experiment an isotope of _______ was used to label protein.

Accepted Answer

A)  potassium 
B)  phosphorus 
C)  nitrogen 
D)  sulfur 
E)  sodium 
A)  potassium 
B)  phosphorus 
C)  nitrogen 
D)  sulfur 
E)  sodium

Question 12

What is the function of DNA polymerase?

Accepted Answer

A)  It unwinds the DNA prior to replication. 
B)  It synthesizes the primer. 
C)  It adds nucleotides to the growing DNA chain. 
D)  It links Okazaki fragments together. 
E)  It adds repetitive sequences to the ends of chromosomes. 
A)  It unwinds the DNA prior to replication. 
B)  It synthesizes the primer. 
C)  It adds nucleotides to the growing DNA chain. 
D)  It links Okazaki fragments together. 
E)  It adds repetitive sequences to the ends of chromosomes.

Question 13

Without DNA repair, the error rate of DNA polymerase is about one for every 100,000 bases replicated.If an organism has a haploid genome of 1.5 billion base pairs, how many mutations should occur each time a diploid cell replicates its DNA?

Accepted Answer

A)  15 
B)  30 
C)  300 
D)  15,000 
E)  30,000 
A)  15 
B)  30 
C)  300 
D)  15,000 
E)  30,000

Question 14

During DNA replication

Accepted Answer

A)  one template strand must be degraded to allow the other strand to be copied. 
B)  the template strands must separate so that both can be copied. 
C)  the template strands come back together after the passage of the replication fork. 
D)  origins of replication always give rise to single replication forks. 
E)  two replication forks diverge from each origin, but one always lags behind the other. 
A)  one template strand must be degraded to allow the other strand to be copied. 
B)  the template strands must separate so that both can be copied. 
C)  the template strands come back together after the passage of the replication fork. 
D)  origins of replication always give rise to single replication forks. 
E)  two replication forks diverge from each origin, but one always lags behind the other.

Question 15

Which action is not a type of DNA repair?

Accepted Answer

A)  Excision repair 
B)  Mismatch repair 
C)  Proofreading 
D)  Replication 
E)  Excision of thymine dimers 
A)  Excision repair 
B)  Mismatch repair 
C)  Proofreading 
D)  Replication 
E)  Excision of thymine dimers

Question 16

Evidence of the semiconservative nature of DNA replication came from

Accepted Answer

A)  DNA staining techniques. 
B)  X-ray crystallography. 
C)  DNA sequencing. 
D)  density gradient studies using "heavy" nucleotides. 
E)  transfection experiments with bacteria. 
A)  DNA staining techniques. 
B)  X-ray crystallography. 
C)  DNA sequencing. 
D)  density gradient studies using "heavy" nucleotides. 
E)  transfection experiments with bacteria.

Question 17

If one more nucleotide were to be added to the unzipped end of this DNA molecule, to which exposed base would it bind?

Accepted Answer

The answer of If one more nucleotide were to be...

Question 18

Xeroderma pigmentosum (XP) is a hereditary disease in which there is a defect in the repair system that repairs DNA after it is damaged by ultraviolet rays.The symptoms of XP are likely due to an _______ repair system.

Accepted Answer

A)  overactive proofreading 
B)  underactive proofreading 
C)  overactive mismatch 
D)  overactive excision 
E)  underactive excision 
A)  overactive proofreading 
B)  underactive proofreading 
C)  overactive mismatch 
D)  overactive excision 
E)  underactive excision

Question 19

Refer to the figure, which represents one telomere of a eukaryotic chromosome following DNA replication.   The process has left nonreplicated nucleotides that form a 3F1F1F1S1F1F1F10 overhang.In a differentiated fibroblast, what will be the resolution of this 3F1F1F1S1F1F1F10 overhang? If the cell is a stem cell, what will be the resolution?

Accepted Answer

In a differentiated fibroblast, the nonr

Question 20

Which statement about DNA replication pertains specifically to synthesis of the leading strand?

Accepted Answer

A)  Okazaki fragments are synthesized as part of the lagging strand. 
B)  Replication forks represent areas of active DNA synthesis on the chromosomes. 
C)  DNA replication progresses in the direction of the acting helicase. 
D)  Ligases and polymerases function in the vicinity of replication forks. 
E)  The sliding clamp increases the rate of DNA synthesis. 
A)  Okazaki fragments are synthesized as part of the lagging strand. 
B)  Replication forks represent areas of active DNA synthesis on the chromosomes. 
C)  DNA replication progresses in the direction of the acting helicase. 
D)  Ligases and polymerases function in the vicinity of replication forks. 
E)  The sliding clamp increases the rate of DNA synthesis.

Exam 13: Dna and Its Role in Heredity

Griffith was able to distinguish two strains of pneumococcus by means of

Thirty percent of the bases in a sample of DNA extracted from eukaryotic cells are adenine.What percentage of the bases are cytosine in this DNA?

Refer to the figure, which illustrates the chemical structure of DNA. Which label corresponds to a phosphate group?

Exposure to sunlight induces thymine dimers in the DNA of skin fibroblasts.To protect against cancer development, the cells will use the _______ DNA repair mechanism to repair the damage.

In the Meselson-Stahl experiment, which observation ruled out the conservative model of DNA replication?

What local effect would an RNA synthesis inhibitor have on DNA replication?

In a population of cells on the inner surface of the intestine, the cells frequently divide.Therefore, these cells are likely to

In one Hershey and Chase experiment, bacteriophage nucleic acids were labeled by carrying out an infection of E.coli cells growing in

What feature of DNA did Watson and Crick suggest would provide clues about how it is copied?

Which physical feature of DNA is affected by the pairing of purines with pyrimidines?

In the Hershey and Chase experiment an isotope of _______ was used to label protein.

What is the function of DNA polymerase?

Without DNA repair, the error rate of DNA polymerase is about one for every 100,000 bases replicated.If an organism has a haploid genome of 1.5 billion base pairs, how many mutations should occur each time a diploid cell replicates its DNA?

During DNA replication

Which action is not a type of DNA repair?

Evidence of the semiconservative nature of DNA replication came from

If one more nucleotide were to be added to the unzipped end of this DNA molecule, to which exposed base would it bind?

Xeroderma pigmentosum (XP) is a hereditary disease in which there is a defect in the repair system that repairs DNA after it is damaged by ultraviolet rays.The symptoms of XP are likely due to an _______ repair system.

Which statement about DNA replication pertains specifically to synthesis of the leading strand?

Studying Life

Small Molecules and the Chemistry of Life

Proteins, Carbohydrates, and Lipids

Nucleic Acids and the Origin of Life

Cells: the Working Units of Life

Cell Membranes

Cell Communication and Multicellularity

Energy, Enzymes, and Metabolism

Pathways That Harvest Chemical Energy

Photosynthesis: Energy From Sunlight

The Cell Cycle and Cell Division

Inheritance, Genes, and Chromosomes

From Dna to Protein: Gene Expression

Gene Mutation and Molecular Medicine

Regulation of Gene Expression

Genomes

Recombinant Dna and Biotechnology

Mechanisms of Evolution

Reconstructing and Using Phylogenies

Speciation

Evolution of Genes and Genomes

The History of Life on Earth

Bacteria, Archaea, and Viruses

The Origin and Diversification of Eukaryotes

Plants Without Seeds: From Water to Land

The Evolution of Seed Plants

The Evolution and Diversity of Fungi

Animal Origins and the Evolution of Body Plans

Protostome Animals

Deuterostome Animals

The Plant Body

Transport in Plants

Plant Nutrition

Regulation of Plant Growth

Reproduction in Flowering Plants

Plant Responses to Environmental Challenges

Physiology, Homeostasis, and Temperature Regulation

Animal Hormones

Immunology: Animal Defense Systems

Animal Reproduction

Animal Development

Neurons, Glia, and Nervous Systems

Sensory Systems

The Mammalian Nervous System: Structure and Higher Functions

Musculoskeletal Systems

Gas Exchange

Circulatory Systems

Nutrition, Digestion, and Absorption

Salt and Water Balance and Nitrogen Excretion

Animal Behavior

The Physical Environment and Biogeography of Life

Populations

Species Interactions

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Ecosystems

A Changing Biosphere

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