Exam 13: Dna and Its Role in Heredity

Starting with a single double-stranded DNA molecule, after four rounds of PCR, _______ double-stranded DNA molecules will be created (assuming that the PCR works perfectly).

During replication, the new DNA strand is synthesized

If 27 percent of the bases in a double-stranded DNA molecule are A, which of the following must be true?

Based on what you have learned about the experiments conducted by Griffith and Avery and colleagues with bacteria, which of the following would result in transformation of living R cells? a. Cell-membrane extracts from S cells b. Pure RNA from S cells c. Pure protein from S cells d. Cell-free extracts from S cells e. A mixture of pure RNA and protein from S cells

Which nucleotides are used as raw materials in the synthesis of DNA?

What is the main source of the energy required to form phosphodiester linkages during the addition of nucleotides to growing DNA strands?

In addition to identifying the genetic material, the experiments of Avery, MacLeod, and McCarty with different strains of Streptococcus pneumoniae demonstrated that a. eukaryotic cells may be genetically transformed. b. DNA is a double helix. c. DNA may be taken up by bacterial cells and be active. d. DNA binds to the cell wall of the bacterium. e. DNA is present in bacteriophage T2.

The purines take up (more/less) _______ space in the center of a DNA molecule than the pyrimidines do.

Which investigator(s) studying DNA collected data that could be used to infer the positions of atoms in DNA?

There is a free _______ group at the 3 position on the sugar at one end of a DNA strand.

The DNA-staining dye developed by Robert Feulgen in the 1920s stained somatic cells _______ as much as it stained the gametes.

Suppose a double-stranded molecule similar to DNA replicates itself, such that one molecule contains two old strands and the other molecule contains two new strands.Such replication would be an instance of _______ replication.

In PCR, _______ creates single-stranded DNA template molecules.

In the 1920s, a dye (now called Feulgen stain) was developed that bound DNA in direct proportion to the amount of DNA present in cells.Upon binding, the DNA would turn a bright purple.This DNA staining technique

Diagram the replication complex and label the following: helicase, single-stranded DNA binding protein, DNA polymerase, primase, the leading and lagging strands, and the leading and lagging template strands.Be sure to label the 5ʹ and 3ʹ ends of the parental and newly replicated DNA.What would happen to DNA replication if the genes encoding each of these proteins were mutated such that the proteins were nonfunctional?

Without DNA repair, the error rate of DNA polymerase is about one for every 100,000 bases replicated.If an organism has a haploid genome of 2 billion base pairs, how many mutations are likely to occur each time a diploid cell replicates its DNA?

The characteristic of DNA that allows it to make an exact copy of itself is its

During eukaryotic DNA synthesis, after repair the error rate is on the order of one wrong nucleotide per

When an enzyme is able to catalyze multiple reactions each time it binds to its substrate, thereby creating multiple products, it is said to be _______.

The use of X-ray diffraction on crystallized DNA by Rosalind Franklin revealed the _______ structure of the DNA molecule.