Question 1

Why did Avery and colleagues use RNase in their studies of the bacterial transforming substance?

Accepted Answer

A)  To serve as a positive experiment 
B)  To develop a vaccine against pneumonia 
C)  To eliminate the possibility that RNA was the transforming substance 
D)  To prove that DNA was the transforming substance 
E)  To prevent other infections 
A)  To serve as a positive experiment 
B)  To develop a vaccine against pneumonia 
C)  To eliminate the possibility that RNA was the transforming substance 
D)  To prove that DNA was the transforming substance 
E)  To prevent other infections

Question 2

A deoxyribose nucleotide is a

Accepted Answer

A)  deoxyribose plus a nitrogenous base. 
B)  sugar and a phosphate. 
C)  deoxyribose plus a nitrogenous base and a phosphate. 
D)  ribose plus a nitrogenous base. 
E)  nitrogenous base bonded at the 5ʹ end to a sugar-phosphate backbone. 
A)  deoxyribose plus a nitrogenous base. 
B)  sugar and a phosphate. 
C)  deoxyribose plus a nitrogenous base and a phosphate. 
D)  ribose plus a nitrogenous base. 
E)  nitrogenous base bonded at the 5ʹ end to a sugar-phosphate backbone.

Question 3

Griffith's experiments, which showed the transformation of R strain pneumococcus bacteria to S strain pneumococcus bacteria in the presence of heat-killed S strain bacteria, provided evidence that

Accepted Answer

A)  a factor from S strain was modifying the R strain bacteria. 
B)  DNA was definitely the transforming factor. 
C)  heat-killed S strain bacteria could be reactivated. 
D)  S strain bacteria are resistant to heat-killing. 
E)  R strain bacteria are resistant to heat-killing. 
A)  a factor from S strain was modifying the R strain bacteria. 
B)  DNA was definitely the transforming factor. 
C)  heat-killed S strain bacteria could be reactivated. 
D)  S strain bacteria are resistant to heat-killing. 
E)  R strain bacteria are resistant to heat-killing.

Question 4

The strands that make up DNA are antiparallel, meaning that

Accepted Answer

A)  one strand is positively charged, and the other is negatively charged. 
B)  the base pairings create unequal spacing between the two DNA strands. 
C)  the 5ʹ-to-3ʹ direction of one strand is opposite to the 5ʹ-to-3ʹ direction of the other strand. 
D)  the twisting of the DNA molecule has shifted the two strands. 
E)  purines bond with purines, and pyrimidines bond with pyrimidines. 
A)  one strand is positively charged, and the other is negatively charged. 
B)  the base pairings create unequal spacing between the two DNA strands. 
C)  the 5ʹ-to-3ʹ direction of one strand is opposite to the 5ʹ-to-3ʹ direction of the other strand. 
D)  the twisting of the DNA molecule has shifted the two strands. 
E)  purines bond with purines, and pyrimidines bond with pyrimidines.

Question 5

DNA is added to the 5F1F1F1S1F1F1F10 ends of DNA chains

Accepted Answer

A)  in prokaryotes only. 
B)  only on the leading strand. 
C)  only on the lagging strand. 
D)  on both the leading and lagging strands. 
E)  on neither the leading nor the lagging strand. 
A)  in prokaryotes only. 
B)  only on the leading strand. 
C)  only on the lagging strand. 
D)  on both the leading and lagging strands. 
E)  on neither the leading nor the lagging strand.

Question 6

Refer to the figure.   Which letter best indicates the lagging strand?

Accepted Answer

A)  A 
B)  B 
C)  C 
D)  D 
E)  E 
A)  A 
B)  B 
C)  C 
D)  D 
E)  E

Question 7

What is the role of DNA helicase in DNA replication?

Accepted Answer

A)  It unwinds the DNA prior to replication. 
B)  It synthesizes the primer. 
C)  It adds nucleotides to the growing DNA chain. 
D)  It links Okazaki fragments together. 
E)  It adds repetitive sequences to the ends of chromosomes. 
A)  It unwinds the DNA prior to replication. 
B)  It synthesizes the primer. 
C)  It adds nucleotides to the growing DNA chain. 
D)  It links Okazaki fragments together. 
E)  It adds repetitive sequences to the ends of chromosomes.

Question 8

Exposure to ultraviolet (UV) radiation increases the requirement for the _______ DNA repair mechanism.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Exposure to ultraviolet (UV) radiation increases the...

Question 9

Which statement about the molecular architecture of DNA is false?

Accepted Answer

A)  The two strands run in opposite directions. 
B)  The molecule's twist is usually right-handed. 
C)  The molecule is a double-stranded helix. 
D)  The molecule has a uniform diameter. 
E)  All of the above are true; none is false. 
A)  The two strands run in opposite directions. 
B)  The molecule's twist is usually right-handed. 
C)  The molecule is a double-stranded helix. 
D)  The molecule has a uniform diameter. 
E)  All of the above are true; none is false.

Question 10

The telomeres at the ends of linear chromosomes allow

Accepted Answer

A)  the 5ʹ ends of the chromosomes to undergo recombination. 
B)  the single-stranded DNA left by the terminal primer removal from lagging strands to be repaired by telomerase. 
C)  DNA repair enzymes to recognize those ends and remove them. 
D)  normal cells to divide continuously. 
E)  DNA breaks to be examined at cell division checkpoints. 
A)  the 5ʹ ends of the chromosomes to undergo recombination. 
B)  the single-stranded DNA left by the terminal primer removal from lagging strands to be repaired by telomerase. 
C)  DNA repair enzymes to recognize those ends and remove them. 
D)  normal cells to divide continuously. 
E)  DNA breaks to be examined at cell division checkpoints.

Question 11

According to Chargaff's rule, a pyrimidine on one strand of DNA must be paired with a(n) _______ on the other strand.

Accepted Answer

A)  purine 
B)  pyrimidine 
C)  adenine 
D)  guanine 
E)  cytosine 
A)  purine 
B)  pyrimidine 
C)  adenine 
D)  guanine 
E)  cytosine

Question 12

At the end of DNA replication, two DNA molecules are produced, each one consisting of a parental DNA strand and a new DNA strand.This process is known as _______ replication.

Accepted Answer

A)  semiconservative 
B)  conservative 
C)  dispersive 
D)  exact 
E)  complementary 
A)  semiconservative 
B)  conservative 
C)  dispersive 
D)  exact 
E)  complementary

Question 13

Recall that two hydrogen bonds bind A and T, whereas three hydrogen bonds bind G and C.The stability of DNA is affected by the number of hydrogen bonds, with more bonds promoting more stability.The double-stranded DNA molecule you would expect to have the greatest stability would be one with _______ percent _______.

Accepted Answer

A)  15; A 
B)  23; G 
C)  28; T 
D)  31; C 
E)  More information is required to answer the question. 
A)  15; A 
B)  23; G 
C)  28; T 
D)  31; C 
E)  More information is required to answer the question.

Question 14

The pairing of specific bases in the Watson and Crick structure of DNA is known as _______ base pairing.

Accepted Answer

A)  antiparallel 
B)  parallel 
C)  semiconservative 
D)  conservative 
E)  complementary 
A)  antiparallel 
B)  parallel 
C)  semiconservative 
D)  conservative 
E)  complementary

Question 15

The polymerase chain reaction is most like _______ in living cells.

Accepted Answer

A)  mismatch repair 
B)  excision repair 
C)  DNA replication 
D)  transformation 
E)  transfection 
A)  mismatch repair 
B)  excision repair 
C)  DNA replication 
D)  transformation 
E)  transfection

Question 16

Refer to the figure, which illustrates the chemical structure of DNA.   Which two labeled structures participate in a phosphodiester bond?

Accepted Answer

A)  A and B 
B)  B and D 
C)  C and D 
D)  D and E 
E)  A and E 
A)  A and B 
B)  B and D 
C)  C and D 
D)  D and E 
E)  A and E

Question 17

The nucleotides that make up DNA are composed of

Accepted Answer

A)  deoxyribonucleoside triphosphate. 
B)  a sugar molecule and a phosphate group. 
C)  deoxyribose plus a phosphate group. 
D)  deoxyribonucleoside diphosphate. 
E)  a nitrogenous base bonded to three sugar molecules. 
A)  deoxyribonucleoside triphosphate. 
B)  a sugar molecule and a phosphate group. 
C)  deoxyribose plus a phosphate group. 
D)  deoxyribonucleoside diphosphate. 
E)  a nitrogenous base bonded to three sugar molecules.

Question 18

A-T base pairs in a DNA double helix
a. are not accessible to DNA binding proteins.
b. are chemically distinct from G-C base pairs.
c. form three hydrogen bonds with each other.
d. are of a substantially different length than G-C base pairs.
e. are more heat-stable than G-C base pairs.

Accepted Answer

The answer of A-T base pairs in a DNA double...

Question 19

One strand of DNA has the sequence 5F1F1F1S1F1F1F10-ACGTTGATTAGG-3F1F1F1S1F1F1F10.What is the sequence of the other strand?

Accepted Answer

A)  5F1F1F1S1F1F1F10-ACGTTGATTAGG-3F1F1F1S1F1F1F10 
B)  3F1F1F1S1F1F1F10-ACGTTGATTAGG-5F1F1F1S1F1F1F10 
C)  5F1F1F1S1F1F1F10-TGCAACTAATCC-3F1F1F1S1F1F1F10 
D)  3F1F1F1S1F1F1F10-TGCAACTAATCC-3F1F1F1S1F1F1F10 
E)  3F1F1F1S1F1F1F10-TGCAACTAATCC-5F1F1F1S1F1F1F10 
A)  5F1F1F1S1F1F1F10-ACGTTGATTAGG-3F1F1F1S1F1F1F10 
B)  3F1F1F1S1F1F1F10-ACGTTGATTAGG-5F1F1F1S1F1F1F10 
C)  5F1F1F1S1F1F1F10-TGCAACTAATCC-3F1F1F1S1F1F1F10 
D)  3F1F1F1S1F1F1F10-TGCAACTAATCC-3F1F1F1S1F1F1F10 
E)  3F1F1F1S1F1F1F10-TGCAACTAATCC-5F1F1F1S1F1F1F10

Question 20

Refer to the figure.   What detail in the figure indicates that it represents DNA replication of a eukaryotic chromosome, not a prokaryotic chromosome?

Accepted Answer

The figure shows two origins of replicat

Exam 13: Dna and Its Role in Heredity

Why did Avery and colleagues use RNase in their studies of the bacterial transforming substance?

A deoxyribose nucleotide is a

Griffith's experiments, which showed the transformation of R strain pneumococcus bacteria to S strain pneumococcus bacteria in the presence of heat-killed S strain bacteria, provided evidence that

The strands that make up DNA are antiparallel, meaning that

DNA is added to the 5 ends of DNA chains

Refer to the figure. Which letter best indicates the lagging strand?

What is the role of DNA helicase in DNA replication?

Exposure to ultraviolet (UV) radiation increases the requirement for the _______ DNA repair mechanism.

Which statement about the molecular architecture of DNA is false?

The telomeres at the ends of linear chromosomes allow

According to Chargaff's rule, a pyrimidine on one strand of DNA must be paired with a(n) _______ on the other strand.

At the end of DNA replication, two DNA molecules are produced, each one consisting of a parental DNA strand and a new DNA strand.This process is known as _______ replication.

The pairing of specific bases in the Watson and Crick structure of DNA is known as _______ base pairing.

The polymerase chain reaction is most like _______ in living cells.

Refer to the figure, which illustrates the chemical structure of DNA. Which two labeled structures participate in a phosphodiester bond?

The nucleotides that make up DNA are composed of

A-T base pairs in a DNA double helix a. are not accessible to DNA binding proteins. b. are chemically distinct from G-C base pairs. c. form three hydrogen bonds with each other. d. are of a substantially different length than G-C base pairs. e. are more heat-stable than G-C base pairs.

One strand of DNA has the sequence 5-ACGTTGATTAGG-3.What is the sequence of the other strand?

Refer to the figure. What detail in the figure indicates that it represents DNA replication of a eukaryotic chromosome, not a prokaryotic chromosome?

Studying Life

Small Molecules and the Chemistry of Life

Proteins, Carbohydrates, and Lipids

Nucleic Acids and the Origin of Life

Cells: the Working Units of Life

Cell Membranes

Cell Communication and Multicellularity

Energy, Enzymes, and Metabolism

Pathways That Harvest Chemical Energy

Photosynthesis: Energy From Sunlight

The Cell Cycle and Cell Division

Inheritance, Genes, and Chromosomes

From Dna to Protein: Gene Expression

Gene Mutation and Molecular Medicine

Regulation of Gene Expression

Genomes

Recombinant Dna and Biotechnology

Mechanisms of Evolution

Reconstructing and Using Phylogenies

Speciation

Evolution of Genes and Genomes

The History of Life on Earth

Bacteria, Archaea, and Viruses

The Origin and Diversification of Eukaryotes

Plants Without Seeds: From Water to Land

The Evolution of Seed Plants

The Evolution and Diversity of Fungi

Animal Origins and the Evolution of Body Plans

Protostome Animals

Deuterostome Animals

The Plant Body

Transport in Plants

Plant Nutrition

Regulation of Plant Growth

Reproduction in Flowering Plants

Plant Responses to Environmental Challenges

Physiology, Homeostasis, and Temperature Regulation

Animal Hormones

Immunology: Animal Defense Systems

Animal Reproduction

Animal Development

Neurons, Glia, and Nervous Systems

Sensory Systems

The Mammalian Nervous System: Structure and Higher Functions

Musculoskeletal Systems

Gas Exchange

Circulatory Systems

Nutrition, Digestion, and Absorption

Salt and Water Balance and Nitrogen Excretion

Animal Behavior

The Physical Environment and Biogeography of Life

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