Question 1

In DNA replication, on the _______, the exposed DNA 3F1F1F1S1F1F1F10 end gets farther and farther away from the fork as replication proceeds.

Accepted Answer

A)  leading strand 
B)  lagging strand 
C)  Okazaki fragments 
D)  primer 
E)  sliding DNA clamp 
A)  leading strand 
B)  lagging strand 
C)  Okazaki fragments 
D)  primer 
E)  sliding DNA clamp

Question 2

What enables the specificity of PCR?

Accepted Answer

A)  A heat-tolerant DNA polymerase 
B)  The use of particular buffers 
C)  The use of particular primers 
D)  The ratios of dNTPs used 
E)  The high temperature used to denature DNA 
A)  A heat-tolerant DNA polymerase 
B)  The use of particular buffers 
C)  The use of particular primers 
D)  The ratios of dNTPs used 
E)  The high temperature used to denature DNA

Question 3

Which type of DNA repair system can repair errors in single-stranded DNA?

Accepted Answer

A)  Excision 
B)  Mismatch 
C)  Proofreading 
D)  Polymerase 
E)  None of the above 
A)  Excision 
B)  Mismatch 
C)  Proofreading 
D)  Polymerase 
E)  None of the above

Question 4

Which DNA repair system or mechanism acts as the second line of defense against mutational error that occurs as the result of DNA replication?

Accepted Answer

A)  Excision 
B)  Mismatch 
C)  Proofreading 
D)  Telomerase 
E)  Ligation 
A)  Excision 
B)  Mismatch 
C)  Proofreading 
D)  Telomerase 
E)  Ligation

Question 5

Six complete cycles of PCR should result in a _______-fold increase in the amount of DNA.
a. 6
b. 12
c. 32
d. 64
e. 128

Accepted Answer

The answer of Six complete cycles of PCR should result...

Question 6

Within a double-stranded DNA molecule, an A on one strand is paired with a G on the other.Which DNA repair system would most likely fix this error?

Accepted Answer

A)  Proofreading 
B)  Excision 
C)  Ligase 
D)  Mismatch 
E)  Template 
A)  Proofreading 
B)  Excision 
C)  Ligase 
D)  Mismatch 
E)  Template

Question 7

Mammalian _______ is the eukaryotic equivalent of bacterial transformation.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Mammalian _______ is the eukaryotic equivalent of...

Question 8

In order to show that DNA in cell extracts is responsible for genetic transformation in Streptococcus pneumoniae, important corroborating evidence should indicate that _______ also destroy transforming activity.
a. enzymes that hydrolyze proteins
b. enzymes that hydrolyze DNA
c. enzymes that hydrolyze polysaccharides
d. temperatures high enough to kill cells
e. enzymes that hydrolyze RNA

Accepted Answer

The answer of In order to show that DNA in...

Question 9

The enzyme that restores the phosphodiester linkage between adjacent fragments in the lagging strand during DNA replication is

Accepted Answer

A)  DNA ligase. 
B)  primase. 
C)  reverse transcriptase. 
D)  helicase. 
E)  DNA polymerase I. 
A)  DNA ligase. 
B)  primase. 
C)  reverse transcriptase. 
D)  helicase. 
E)  DNA polymerase I.

Question 10

Which statement about telomerase is true?

Accepted Answer

A)  It prevents the ends of chromosomes from continuing to grow. 
B)  It prevents the ends of chromosomes from being eroded with each round of DNA replication. 
C)  It makes DNA repair possible. 
D)  It is necessary for the formation of Okazaki fragments. 
E)  It is necessary for the formation of hydrogen bonds between complementary bases. 
A)  It prevents the ends of chromosomes from continuing to grow. 
B)  It prevents the ends of chromosomes from being eroded with each round of DNA replication. 
C)  It makes DNA repair possible. 
D)  It is necessary for the formation of Okazaki fragments. 
E)  It is necessary for the formation of hydrogen bonds between complementary bases.

Question 11

Suppose proteins, and not DNA, were the genetic material in bacteriophage T2.What would we expect to find in the host cells in the Hershey and Chase blender experiment?

Accepted Answer

A)  Most of the labeled S 
B)  Most of the labeled P 
C)  Both labeled S and labeled P, with S more prevalent than P 
D)  Both labeled S and labeled P, with P more prevalent than S 
E)  Neither labeled S nor labeled P 
A)  Most of the labeled S 
B)  Most of the labeled P 
C)  Both labeled S and labeled P, with S more prevalent than P 
D)  Both labeled S and labeled P, with P more prevalent than S 
E)  Neither labeled S nor labeled P

Question 12

Explain the ways that DNA polymerase participates in maintaining the fidelity of the DNA.

Accepted Answer

DNA polymerase participates in

Question 13

Refer to the figure.   Which structure illustrates a replication fork?

Accepted Answer

A)  A 
B)  B 
C)  C 
D)  D 
E)  E 
A)  A 
B)  B 
C)  C 
D)  D 
E)  E

Question 14

Recall that two hydrogen bonds bind A and T, but three hydrogen bonds bind G and C.Since the stability of DNA is affected by the number of hydrogen bonds, with more bonds promoting more stability, which of the following double-stranded DNA molecules would likely have the greatest stability?

Accepted Answer

A)  A molecule with 20 percent A 
B)  A molecule with 26 percent G 
C)  A molecule with 32 percent C 
D)  A molecule with 38 percent T 
E)  More information is required to answer the question. 
A)  A molecule with 20 percent A 
B)  A molecule with 26 percent G 
C)  A molecule with 32 percent C 
D)  A molecule with 38 percent T 
E)  More information is required to answer the question.

Question 15

Which statement about Okazaki fragments is true?

Accepted Answer

A)  They occur because DNA polymerase operates in only one direction along a strand of DNA. 
B)  They act as a primer that initiates DNA replication. 
C)  If they did not exist, the ends of chromosomes would get shorter with every replication. 
D)  It they did not exist, bases would pair with their complementary bases. 
E)  They reduce the mutation rate during DNA replication. 
A)  They occur because DNA polymerase operates in only one direction along a strand of DNA. 
B)  They act as a primer that initiates DNA replication. 
C)  If they did not exist, the ends of chromosomes would get shorter with every replication. 
D)  It they did not exist, bases would pair with their complementary bases. 
E)  They reduce the mutation rate during DNA replication.

Question 16

Four rounds of PCR will result in _______ molecules of DNA from a single molecule.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Four rounds of PCR will result in...

Question 17

The Hershey and Chase blender experiment was designed to

Accepted Answer

A)  prove that DNA is found in the nucleus. 
B)  test isotope labeling of DNA and proteins. 
C)  disprove that DNA is the genetic molecule. 
D)  identify the genetic material in bacteriophage T2. 
E)  develop a DNA isolation method. 
A)  prove that DNA is found in the nucleus. 
B)  test isotope labeling of DNA and proteins. 
C)  disprove that DNA is the genetic molecule. 
D)  identify the genetic material in bacteriophage T2. 
E)  develop a DNA isolation method.

Question 18

In PCR, the temperature is lowest when

Accepted Answer

A)  DNA is separated into two strands. 
B)  primers anneal with the template. 
C)  DNA polymerase is producing new strands of DNA. 
D)  DNA is being repaired. 
E)  the temperature is the same during all of the stages of PCR. 
A)  DNA is separated into two strands. 
B)  primers anneal with the template. 
C)  DNA polymerase is producing new strands of DNA. 
D)  DNA is being repaired. 
E)  the temperature is the same during all of the stages of PCR.

Question 19

The MLH1 protein dimerizes with the PMS2 protein to form a complex that is involved in the correction of errors of DNA replication.Loss-of-function mutations in the genes that encode for these proteins increase the incidence of colon cancer.Which type of DNA error would be repaired by the activity of this complex?

Accepted Answer

A)  Mismatched bases 
B)  Chemically induced damage to nucleotides 
C)  Thymine dimers 
D)  Radiation-induced damage to nucleotides 
E)  All types of DNA errors 
A)  Mismatched bases 
B)  Chemically induced damage to nucleotides 
C)  Thymine dimers 
D)  Radiation-induced damage to nucleotides 
E)  All types of DNA errors

Question 20

A researcher would like to radioactively label DNA for an experiment.Which type of molecule could not serve as a target for radioactive labeling?

Accepted Answer

A)  Purines 
B)  Ribose sugars 
C)  Phosphates 
D)  Sulfur 
E)  Nitrogenous bases 
A)  Purines 
B)  Ribose sugars 
C)  Phosphates 
D)  Sulfur 
E)  Nitrogenous bases

Exam 13: Dna and Its Role in Heredity

In DNA replication, on the _______, the exposed DNA 3 end gets farther and farther away from the fork as replication proceeds.

What enables the specificity of PCR?

Which type of DNA repair system can repair errors in single-stranded DNA?

Which DNA repair system or mechanism acts as the second line of defense against mutational error that occurs as the result of DNA replication?

Six complete cycles of PCR should result in a _______-fold increase in the amount of DNA. a. 6 b. 12 c. 32 d. 64 e. 128

Within a double-stranded DNA molecule, an A on one strand is paired with a G on the other.Which DNA repair system would most likely fix this error?

Mammalian _______ is the eukaryotic equivalent of bacterial transformation.

The enzyme that restores the phosphodiester linkage between adjacent fragments in the lagging strand during DNA replication is

Which statement about telomerase is true?

Suppose proteins, and not DNA, were the genetic material in bacteriophage T2.What would we expect to find in the host cells in the Hershey and Chase blender experiment?

Explain the ways that DNA polymerase participates in maintaining the fidelity of the DNA.

Refer to the figure. Which structure illustrates a replication fork?

Recall that two hydrogen bonds bind A and T, but three hydrogen bonds bind G and C.Since the stability of DNA is affected by the number of hydrogen bonds, with more bonds promoting more stability, which of the following double-stranded DNA molecules would likely have the greatest stability?

Which statement about Okazaki fragments is true?

Four rounds of PCR will result in _______ molecules of DNA from a single molecule.

The Hershey and Chase blender experiment was designed to

In PCR, the temperature is lowest when

A researcher would like to radioactively label DNA for an experiment.Which type of molecule could not serve as a target for radioactive labeling?

Studying Life

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Proteins, Carbohydrates, and Lipids

Nucleic Acids and the Origin of Life

Cells: the Working Units of Life

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Pathways That Harvest Chemical Energy

Photosynthesis: Energy From Sunlight

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Inheritance, Genes, and Chromosomes

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Gene Mutation and Molecular Medicine

Regulation of Gene Expression

Genomes

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The History of Life on Earth

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Plants Without Seeds: From Water to Land

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Animal Origins and the Evolution of Body Plans

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