Exam 55: Species Interactions

At first, a dog walks away from its bed whenever the new cat approaches.The cat then stretches out on the bed by itself.This is an example of _______.After a few weeks, the dog stays on the bed and curls up tighter, and the cat curls up in the unused part of the bed.This is an example of _______.

In the coral reef environment, the ivory bush coral competes for space with surrounding seaweed.The red-ridged clinging crab feeds on seaweed but is also preyed on by surrounding fish.The crab hides in the coral branches and feeds only on the seaweed closest to the coral.Would the crab-coral interaction be best classified as mutualism or commensalism?

In nature, predator-prey cycles can continue for many years.In laboratory cultures, both populations quickly die off unless new individuals are periodically introduced (i.e., immigration occurs).Based on this information, cycles in nature might be maintained by any of these factors (or some combination of them) except

Which feature of head lice is least likely to be an adaptation for their lifestyle as ectoparasites on humans?

Many animals, particularly insects, have a strong mutualism with flowering plants.The animal benefits by receiving food (pollen or nectar), while the plant benefits from _______.

Some bats use sonar to detect and catch their prey.Some species of moth have developed the behavior of diving down to avoid being caught.Bats, in turn, have responded by learning to catch moths over water because the moths get stuck on the water surface if they try to get away.This is an example of

Which type of organism is most likely to kill the organism it feeds on?

Climate change leads to much drier climates in some areas.Over time, some plant species will likely show genetic changes related to their ability to withstand drought.In this situation, the precipitation level is acting as

In the rain forest, many plants are prevented from growing on the forest floor because sunlight does not reach to the ground.For these plants, sunlight is a _______.

All of these factors would contribute to making microparasites efficient pathogens except

Suppose the fecal matter from dogs helps fertilize a species of grass, thus increasing the grass's ability to grow in a particular area.The relationship between the dogs and the grass would be described as

When you eat a seedless navel orange, your interaction with the orange best fits into the category of

In a classroom full of hungry students, there is a bowl of grapes.One of the students grabs the whole bowl and won't let the other students have any.This is a form of resource competition known as _______.

An insect and a flower have a highly specific pollination interaction; that is, the two species depend closely on each other.The insect feeds almost exclusively on nectar and pollen from this flower, and the flower is only pollinated by this insect species or its close relatives.A severe and long-lasting drought greatly depletes the population of this flower species.What will most likely happen to the population of the insect species?

In the antacacia studies by Thomas Belt and Daniel Janzen, how does the relationship between ants and acacias affect the population of acacia trees?

A robin is feeding at a bird feeder.A second robin arrives, and the first robin chases the second one away.While the first robin is distracted by the chase, a blue jay arrives at the feeder and starts feeding.The interaction between the first and second robins is _______ competition, and that between the blue jay and the first robin is _______ competition.

Orchids, a type of plant, require tree limbs for support but do not harm the trees.This interaction demonstrates

In pregnant women, the Zika virus causes serious birth defects.It is spread by the bite of the Aedes aegypti mosquito, which contracts it from an infected human.It must replicate and spread within the mosquito before it can infect a human.Infected humans can spread the virus through sex and from mother to unborn child.In this relationship, how can the Zika virus be characterized?

Refer to the table below showing the results of a greenhouse experiment.Sunflowers and corn plants are grown in 6-inch pots in treatments of varying plant densities and plant combinations.There are ten pots per treatment.All pots contain the same amount of potting soil and receive the same amount of water and sunlight.After 2 months, the heights of the plants in each pot are measured and averaged. Describe the effects of intraspecific competition in the two species.

Which statement is always true of predators?