Question 1

Which is the correct order in which blood flows past valves in the human heart, starting with low-oxygen blood returning from the body and entering the heart.

Accepted Answer

A)  Left atrioventricular valve, pulmonary valve, right atrioventricular valve, aortic valve 
B)  Right atrioventricular valve, aortic valve, left atrioventricular valve, pulmonary valve 
C)  Right atrioventricular valve, pulmonary valve, left atrioventricular valve, aortic valve 
D)  Pulmonary valve, right atrioventricular valve, aortic valve, left atrioventricular valve 
E)  Aortic valve, left atrioventricular valve, pulmonary valve; right atrioventricular valve 
A)  Left atrioventricular valve, pulmonary valve, right atrioventricular valve, aortic valve 
B)  Right atrioventricular valve, aortic valve, left atrioventricular valve, pulmonary valve 
C)  Right atrioventricular valve, pulmonary valve, left atrioventricular valve, aortic valve 
D)  Pulmonary valve, right atrioventricular valve, aortic valve, left atrioventricular valve 
E)  Aortic valve, left atrioventricular valve, pulmonary valve; right atrioventricular valve

Question 2

Defective valves cause turbulent blood flow and a "whooshing" sound.This condition is called a heart _______.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Defective valves cause turbulent blood flow and...

Question 3

Which statement about the conduction system in the mammalian heart is false?

Accepted Answer

A)  Gap junctions between cells of the atria and cells of the ventricles allow action potentials to spread directly from the atria to the ventricles. 
B)  Atrial depolarization leads directly to depolarization of the atrioventricular node. 
C)  Cells of the atria are electrically coupled and contract in unison. 
D)  Following atrial contraction there is a slight delay, and then the ventricles contract. 
E)  Purkinje fibers penetrate the walls of the ventricles. 
A)  Gap junctions between cells of the atria and cells of the ventricles allow action potentials to spread directly from the atria to the ventricles. 
B)  Atrial depolarization leads directly to depolarization of the atrioventricular node. 
C)  Cells of the atria are electrically coupled and contract in unison. 
D)  Following atrial contraction there is a slight delay, and then the ventricles contract. 
E)  Purkinje fibers penetrate the walls of the ventricles.

Question 4

Which statement about the forces that affect movement across walls of capillaries is false?

Accepted Answer

A)  Osmotic pressure pulls water back into capillaries. 
B)  At the venule end of a capillary bed, there is a net outward force. 
C)  Blood osmotic pressure is due to large protein molecules that remain within capillaries. 
D)  Blood hydrostatic pressure is high at the arterial end of a capillary bed. 
E)  Blood pressure squeezes water and small solutes out of capillaries. 
A)  Osmotic pressure pulls water back into capillaries. 
B)  At the venule end of a capillary bed, there is a net outward force. 
C)  Blood osmotic pressure is due to large protein molecules that remain within capillaries. 
D)  Blood hydrostatic pressure is high at the arterial end of a capillary bed. 
E)  Blood pressure squeezes water and small solutes out of capillaries.

Question 5

_______ are biconcave, flexible discs that transport respiratory gases in the bloodstream.

Accepted Answer

The answer of _______ are biconcave, flexible discs that transport...

Question 6

_______ are known as capacitance vessels because of their ability to stretch and store blood.

Accepted Answer

A)  Veins 
B)  Venules 
C)  Arteries 
D)  Arterioles 
E)  Capillaries 
A)  Veins 
B)  Venules 
C)  Arteries 
D)  Arterioles 
E)  Capillaries

Question 7

Which of the following does not characterize open circulatory systems?

Accepted Answer

A)  They include a heart that moves extracellular fluid through vessels. 
B)  Fluid may return to the heart through ostia. 
C)  They are present in small aquatic vertebrates. 
D)  They are found in arthropods and mollusks. 
E)  Hemolymph percolates through tissues. 
A)  They include a heart that moves extracellular fluid through vessels. 
B)  Fluid may return to the heart through ostia. 
C)  They are present in small aquatic vertebrates. 
D)  They are found in arthropods and mollusks. 
E)  Hemolymph percolates through tissues.

Question 8

Which of the following does not occur when norepinephrine is released onto pacemaker cells?

Accepted Answer

A)  The permeability of Na+ channels increases. 
B)  The resting potential drifts up more rapidly. 
C)  The permeability of Ca2+ channels increases. 
D)  The interval between action potentials increases. 
E)  The heart beats faster. 
A)  The permeability of Na+ channels increases. 
B)  The resting potential drifts up more rapidly. 
C)  The permeability of Ca2+ channels increases. 
D)  The interval between action potentials increases. 
E)  The heart beats faster.

Question 9

In mammals, the brain's cardiovascular control center is in the _______.

Accepted Answer

The answer of In mammals, the brain's cardiovascular control center...

Question 10

(Small diameter) × (very large number) = the reason that _______ have the greatest total cross-sectional area of all the blood vessel types.

Accepted Answer

A)  arteries 
B)  arterioles 
C)  capillaries 
D)  venules 
E)  veins 
A)  arteries 
B)  arterioles 
C)  capillaries 
D)  venules 
E)  veins

Question 11

Refer to the graph, which shows blood pressure, blood velocity, and area of the blood vessels throughout a human circulatory system.   Which of the statement about the graph is false?

Accepted Answer

A)  The vessels represented on the left of the graph have many extracellular collagen and elastin fibers in their walls. 
B)  The rise in curve 2 on the right side of the graph is caused by rhythmic contraction of smooth muscles surrounding the veins. 
C)  The vessels represented on the far right of the graph are referred to as capacitance vessels. 
D)  Fluid may be drawn back into the blood vessels represented on the right side of curve 3 by a high osmotic potential. 
E)  The vessels represented on the far right of the graph may hold 60 percent of a person's blood at any given time. 
A)  The vessels represented on the left of the graph have many extracellular collagen and elastin fibers in their walls. 
B)  The rise in curve 2 on the right side of the graph is caused by rhythmic contraction of smooth muscles surrounding the veins. 
C)  The vessels represented on the far right of the graph are referred to as capacitance vessels. 
D)  Fluid may be drawn back into the blood vessels represented on the right side of curve 3 by a high osmotic potential. 
E)  The vessels represented on the far right of the graph may hold 60 percent of a person's blood at any given time.

Question 12

Refer to the figure.   Based on the figure, which represents the correct direction of the formation of the heartbeat?

Accepted Answer

A)  1 F1F1F1S1F1F1F10 2 F1F1F1S1F1F1F10 3 F1F1F1S1F1F1F10 4 F1F1F1S1F1F1F10 5 F1F1F1S1F1F1F10 6 and 7 
B)  1 F1F1F1S1F1F1F10 3 F1F1F1S1F1F1F10 6 and 7 F1F1F1S1F1F1F10 2 F1F1F1S1F1F1F10 4 F1F1F1S1F1F1F10 5 
C)  1 F1F1F1S1F1F1F10 6 and 7 F1F1F1S1F1F1F10 5 F1F1F1S1F1F1F10 4 F1F1F1S1F1F1F10 3 F1F1F1S1F1F1F10 2 
D)  1 F1F1F1S1F1F1F10 6 and 7 F1F1F1S1F1F1F10 3 F1F1F1S1F1F1F10 2 F1F1F1S1F1F1F10 4 F1F1F1S1F1F1F10 5 
E)  6 F1F1F1S1F1F1F10 5 F1F1F1S1F1F1F10 4 F1F1F1S1F1F1F10 3 F1F1F1S1F1F1F10 2 F1F1F1S1F1F1F10 7 and 1 
A)  1 F1F1F1S1F1F1F10 2 F1F1F1S1F1F1F10 3 F1F1F1S1F1F1F10 4 F1F1F1S1F1F1F10 5 F1F1F1S1F1F1F10 6 and 7 
B)  1 F1F1F1S1F1F1F10 3 F1F1F1S1F1F1F10 6 and 7 F1F1F1S1F1F1F10 2 F1F1F1S1F1F1F10 4 F1F1F1S1F1F1F10 5 
C)  1 F1F1F1S1F1F1F10 6 and 7 F1F1F1S1F1F1F10 5 F1F1F1S1F1F1F10 4 F1F1F1S1F1F1F10 3 F1F1F1S1F1F1F10 2 
D)  1 F1F1F1S1F1F1F10 6 and 7 F1F1F1S1F1F1F10 3 F1F1F1S1F1F1F10 2 F1F1F1S1F1F1F10 4 F1F1F1S1F1F1F10 5 
E)  6 F1F1F1S1F1F1F10 5 F1F1F1S1F1F1F10 4 F1F1F1S1F1F1F10 3 F1F1F1S1F1F1F10 2 F1F1F1S1F1F1F10 7 and 1

Question 13

Gap junctions

Accepted Answer

A)  electrically isolate cardiac muscle cells. 
B)  allow large numbers of cardiac muscle cells to contract in unison. 
C)  provide enough strength to withstand the large pressure generated by the ventricles. 
D)  are found only in the cardiac muscle cells of the ventricles. 
E)  block the spread of action potentials. 
A)  electrically isolate cardiac muscle cells. 
B)  allow large numbers of cardiac muscle cells to contract in unison. 
C)  provide enough strength to withstand the large pressure generated by the ventricles. 
D)  are found only in the cardiac muscle cells of the ventricles. 
E)  block the spread of action potentials.

Question 14

The lymphatic system empties intercellular fluid into the _______ ducts, which empty into large veins at the base of the neck.

Accepted Answer

The answer of The lymphatic system empties intercellular fluid into...

Question 15

In women, the normal hematocrit, or percentage of the blood made up of red blood cells, is about _______ percent.

Accepted Answer

A)  10 
B)  25 
C)  42 
D)  70 
E)  90 
A)  10 
B)  25 
C)  42 
D)  70 
E)  90

Question 16

In an electrocardiogram, the Q, R, and S wave patterns correspond to the depolarization of the _______ and the repolarization of the atria.

Accepted Answer

The answer of In an electrocardiogram, the Q, R, and...

Question 17

In animals with a closed circulatory system, the liquid around the body cells is called

Accepted Answer

A)  blood plasma. 
B)  interstitial fluid. 
C)  mesolymph. 
D)  hemolymph. 
E)  intracellular fluid. 
A)  blood plasma. 
B)  interstitial fluid. 
C)  mesolymph. 
D)  hemolymph. 
E)  intracellular fluid.

Question 18

Which type of animal could function without a circulatory system?

Accepted Answer

A)  A large, mobile terrestrial animal 
B)  A large, mobile aquatic animal 
C)  An active terrestrial animal 
D)  A small, thin, sedentary aquatic animal 
E)  A large, slow terrestrial animal 
A)  A large, mobile terrestrial animal 
B)  A large, mobile aquatic animal 
C)  An active terrestrial animal 
D)  A small, thin, sedentary aquatic animal 
E)  A large, slow terrestrial animal

Question 19

Which of the following is not found in an open circulatory system?

Accepted Answer

A)  Extracellular fluid 
B)  Heart 
C)  Vessels 
D)  Blood plasma 
E)  Hemolymph 
A)  Extracellular fluid 
B)  Heart 
C)  Vessels 
D)  Blood plasma 
E)  Hemolymph

Question 20

The carcass of a newly discovered deep-diving species of whale washes up on shore, and biologists scramble to study the adaptations that allow this species to circulate blood when it is under pressure at depth.A cross section of its flipper shows what seem to be a vein and an artery running parallel.The artery would be the structure

Accepted Answer

A)  with the largest interior diameter. 
B)  with more muscle tissue and elastin in the wall. 
C)  lined with endothelium. 
D)  with valves to prevent backflow. 
E)  with an outer connective tissue layer. 
A)  with the largest interior diameter. 
B)  with more muscle tissue and elastin in the wall. 
C)  lined with endothelium. 
D)  with valves to prevent backflow. 
E)  with an outer connective tissue layer.

Exam 49: Circulatory Systems

Which is the correct order in which blood flows past valves in the human heart, starting with low-oxygen blood returning from the body and entering the heart.

Defective valves cause turbulent blood flow and a "whooshing" sound.This condition is called a heart _______.

Which statement about the conduction system in the mammalian heart is false?

Which statement about the forces that affect movement across walls of capillaries is false?

_______ are biconcave, flexible discs that transport respiratory gases in the bloodstream.

_______ are known as capacitance vessels because of their ability to stretch and store blood.

Which of the following does not characterize open circulatory systems?

Which of the following does not occur when norepinephrine is released onto pacemaker cells?

In mammals, the brain's cardiovascular control center is in the _______.

(Small diameter) × (very large number) = the reason that _______ have the greatest total cross-sectional area of all the blood vessel types.

Refer to the graph, which shows blood pressure, blood velocity, and area of the blood vessels throughout a human circulatory system. Which of the statement about the graph is false?

Refer to the figure. Based on the figure, which represents the correct direction of the formation of the heartbeat?

Gap junctions

The lymphatic system empties intercellular fluid into the _______ ducts, which empty into large veins at the base of the neck.

In women, the normal hematocrit, or percentage of the blood made up of red blood cells, is about _______ percent.

In an electrocardiogram, the Q, R, and S wave patterns correspond to the depolarization of the _______ and the repolarization of the atria.

In animals with a closed circulatory system, the liquid around the body cells is called

Which type of animal could function without a circulatory system?

Which of the following is not found in an open circulatory system?

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