Question 1

A dead body will undergo rigor mortis, a condition in which muscles stiffen and do not relax.This is a result of

Accepted Answer

A)  lack of calcium release from the sarcoplasmic reticulum. 
B)  no acetylcholine release at the neuromuscular junction. 
C)  no new ATP being produced, causing myosin to stay bound to actin. 
D)  troponin remaining bound to calcium. 
E)  increased ATP hydrolysis during decomposition. 
A)  lack of calcium release from the sarcoplasmic reticulum. 
B)  no acetylcholine release at the neuromuscular junction. 
C)  no new ATP being produced, causing myosin to stay bound to actin. 
D)  troponin remaining bound to calcium. 
E)  increased ATP hydrolysis during decomposition.

Question 2

Which athlete would likely have the most fast-twitch fibers?

Accepted Answer

A)  Marathon runner 
B)  Basketball player 
C)  Weight lifter 
D)  Cross-country skier 
E)  Long-distance cyclist 
A)  Marathon runner 
B)  Basketball player 
C)  Weight lifter 
D)  Cross-country skier 
E)  Long-distance cyclist

Question 3

Which ratio of load arm to force arm would generate the greatest force over a small distance?

Accepted Answer

A)  2:1 
B)  3:1 
C)  4:1 
D)  5:1 
E)  6:1 
A)  2:1 
B)  3:1 
C)  4:1 
D)  5:1 
E)  6:1

Question 4

Which type of joint allows for almost complete rotational movement?

Accepted Answer

A)  Ball-and-socket 
B)  Pivot 
C)  Hinge 
D)  Saddle 
E)  Plane 
A)  Ball-and-socket 
B)  Pivot 
C)  Hinge 
D)  Saddle 
E)  Plane

Question 5

Bricklayers periodically need to carry heavy stacks of bricks from their truck to the work site, and they are quickly fatigued by this activity.An examination of the muscles used to perform this work would reveal

Accepted Answer

A)  substantial fuel reserves. 
B)  low levels of ATPase activity. 
C)  an abundance of blood vessels. 
D)  relatively few mitochondria. 
E)  relatively high amounts of myoglobin. 
A)  substantial fuel reserves. 
B)  low levels of ATPase activity. 
C)  an abundance of blood vessels. 
D)  relatively few mitochondria. 
E)  relatively high amounts of myoglobin.

Question 6

Which statement about smooth muscle cells is true?

Accepted Answer

A)  They are spindle-shaped and multinucleate. 
B)  Their plasma membrane is insensitive to stretching. 
C)  Some occur in sheets and are electrically coupled through gap junctions. 
D)  Their arrangement of actin and myosin filaments is more regular than that found in skeletal and cardiac muscle cells. 
E)  They occur more extensively in the walls of veins and capillaries than arteries because of the difficulty associated with returning blood to the heart against gravitational forces. 
A)  They are spindle-shaped and multinucleate. 
B)  Their plasma membrane is insensitive to stretching. 
C)  Some occur in sheets and are electrically coupled through gap junctions. 
D)  Their arrangement of actin and myosin filaments is more regular than that found in skeletal and cardiac muscle cells. 
E)  They occur more extensively in the walls of veins and capillaries than arteries because of the difficulty associated with returning blood to the heart against gravitational forces.

Question 7

Which statement about osteoporosis is true?

Accepted Answer

A)  Weight-bearing exercise cannot improve the condition. 
B)  It is the loss of bone flexibility with increased bone density. 
C)  In young people it can be caused by excessive training and malnutrition. 
D)  It is most common in premenstrual women. 
E)  It does not occur in young males. 
A)  Weight-bearing exercise cannot improve the condition. 
B)  It is the loss of bone flexibility with increased bone density. 
C)  In young people it can be caused by excessive training and malnutrition. 
D)  It is most common in premenstrual women. 
E)  It does not occur in young males.

Question 8

Which statement about the development of skeletal muscle fibers is true?

Accepted Answer

A)  Many muscle filaments bundled together form a muscle. 
B)  A skeletal muscle cell is a muscle filament. 
C)  Osteoblasts are embryonic muscle cells. 
D)  Bundles of myoblasts form myofibrils. 
E)  During development, many myoblasts fuse to form a muscle fiber with more than one nucleus. 
A)  Many muscle filaments bundled together form a muscle. 
B)  A skeletal muscle cell is a muscle filament. 
C)  Osteoblasts are embryonic muscle cells. 
D)  Bundles of myoblasts form myofibrils. 
E)  During development, many myoblasts fuse to form a muscle fiber with more than one nucleus.

Question 9

Aerobic exercise like jogging causes changes in skeletal leg muscles, such as

Accepted Answer

A)  increasing hemoglobin in fast-twitch muscles. 
B)  decreasing the number of mitochondria in the muscle cells. 
C)  decreasing the enzymes involved in energy utilization. 
D)  increasing the density of capillaries. 
E)  increasing the number of glycolytic muscle fibers. 
A)  increasing hemoglobin in fast-twitch muscles. 
B)  decreasing the number of mitochondria in the muscle cells. 
C)  decreasing the enzymes involved in energy utilization. 
D)  increasing the density of capillaries. 
E)  increasing the number of glycolytic muscle fibers.

Question 10

Refer to the figure.   In what organ(s) would you find this type of muscle cell?

Accepted Answer

A)  Heart 
B)  Small intestine, only 
C)  Intestines and stomach 
D)  Liver and kidney 
E)  Tongue 
A)  Heart 
B)  Small intestine, only 
C)  Intestines and stomach 
D)  Liver and kidney 
E)  Tongue

Question 11

Which muscle type(s) has/have gap junctions?

Accepted Answer

A)  Smooth muscle only 
B)  Cardiac muscle only 
C)  Skeletal muscle only 
D)  Both smooth and cardiac muscle, but not skeletal muscle 
E)  Smooth, cardiac, and skeletal muscle 
A)  Smooth muscle only 
B)  Cardiac muscle only 
C)  Skeletal muscle only 
D)  Both smooth and cardiac muscle, but not skeletal muscle 
E)  Smooth, cardiac, and skeletal muscle

Question 12

Which statement about the skeletal system of the clam is true?

Accepted Answer

A)  It is an endoskeleton. 
B)  It consists of a shell made up primarily of protein and crystals of calcium carbonate. 
C)  Muscles attached to regions of the endoskeleton cause movement. 
D)  Muscles are attached to the endoskeleton by tendons. 
E)  Ligaments are used to attach muscles to the skeleton. 
A)  It is an endoskeleton. 
B)  It consists of a shell made up primarily of protein and crystals of calcium carbonate. 
C)  Muscles attached to regions of the endoskeleton cause movement. 
D)  Muscles are attached to the endoskeleton by tendons. 
E)  Ligaments are used to attach muscles to the skeleton.

Question 13

Which feature characterizes actin?

Accepted Answer

A)  Thick filaments 
B)  Contractile carbohydrate 
C)  Filaments parallel to myosin filaments 
D)  Make up the fibers in muscle cells 
E)  Typically located within a circle of six myosin filaments within a myofibril 
A)  Thick filaments 
B)  Contractile carbohydrate 
C)  Filaments parallel to myosin filaments 
D)  Make up the fibers in muscle cells 
E)  Typically located within a circle of six myosin filaments within a myofibril

Question 14

When a person has an accident that results in a broken arm that snaps the humerus in two near the elbow,

Accepted Answer

A)  the person has injured his axial skeleton. 
B)  membranous bone has been injured. 
C)  the impact is on a part of the appendicular skeleton. 
D)  cancellous bone has broken but no compact bone has broken. 
E)  the break was closer to a hinge joint than a pivot joint. 
A)  the person has injured his axial skeleton. 
B)  membranous bone has been injured. 
C)  the impact is on a part of the appendicular skeleton. 
D)  cancellous bone has broken but no compact bone has broken. 
E)  the break was closer to a hinge joint than a pivot joint.

Question 15

Which statement about joints is true?

Accepted Answer

A)  At joints, muscles work in agonistic pairs. 
B)  Movement occurs at a joint when one muscle of an antagonistic pair contracts and the other member of the pair relaxes. 
C)  Flexors are muscles that straighten a joint. 
D)  If both muscles of an antagonistic pair contract, then the joint moves. 
E)  When the extensor muscles that operate your knee joint contract, your leg bends at the knee. 
A)  At joints, muscles work in agonistic pairs. 
B)  Movement occurs at a joint when one muscle of an antagonistic pair contracts and the other member of the pair relaxes. 
C)  Flexors are muscles that straighten a joint. 
D)  If both muscles of an antagonistic pair contract, then the joint moves. 
E)  When the extensor muscles that operate your knee joint contract, your leg bends at the knee.

Question 16

Which feature about sarcomeres is true?

Accepted Answer

A)  The sarcomere is the cell membrane of a muscle cell. 
B)  Sarcomere is the name for a single muscle cell. 
C)  Sarcomere is another name for the endoplasmic reticulum of a muscle cell. 
D)  A sarcomere represents a contractile unit in a muscle cell. 
E)  A sarcomere is a long molecule of either actin or myosin. 
A)  The sarcomere is the cell membrane of a muscle cell. 
B)  Sarcomere is the name for a single muscle cell. 
C)  Sarcomere is another name for the endoplasmic reticulum of a muscle cell. 
D)  A sarcomere represents a contractile unit in a muscle cell. 
E)  A sarcomere is a long molecule of either actin or myosin.

Question 17

A sport such as marathon running, which is aerobically demanding and requires long endurance, is reliant on _______ fibers.

Accepted Answer

The answer of A sport such as marathon running, which...

Question 18

Automatic doors require a motor that pushes a rod that opens the door; the door is held in place by a hinge and a doorframe, and a separate controller pulls the door back to the closed position.The rod pushing open the doorframe is most analogous to

Accepted Answer

A)  tendons. 
B)  ligaments. 
C)  extensors. 
D)  flexors. 
E)  cartilage. 
A)  tendons. 
B)  ligaments. 
C)  extensors. 
D)  flexors. 
E)  cartilage.

Question 19

Satellite cells in skeletal muscle can perform which function?

Accepted Answer

A)  Produce creatine phosphate for the muscle fiber 
B)  Nourish developing muscle cells 
C)  Break down glycogen for use in nearby muscle cells 
D)  Produce new muscle fibers 
E)  Help adjacent muscle fibers relax 
A)  Produce creatine phosphate for the muscle fiber 
B)  Nourish developing muscle cells 
C)  Break down glycogen for use in nearby muscle cells 
D)  Produce new muscle fibers 
E)  Help adjacent muscle fibers relax

Question 20

Which statement about skeletal muscles is true?

Accepted Answer

A)  In a muscle fiber at rest, calcium is higher in the sarcoplasm than in the sarcoplasmic reticulum. 
B)  The dihydropyridine (DHP) receptor is insensitive to action potentials. 
C)  Calcium triggers the interaction of actin and myosin and the sliding of filaments. 
D)  DHP and ryanodine receptors have a physical gap between them when they are functioning in a skeletal muscle contraction. 
E)  The ryanodine receptor is located in the T tubule membrane. 
A)  In a muscle fiber at rest, calcium is higher in the sarcoplasm than in the sarcoplasmic reticulum. 
B)  The dihydropyridine (DHP) receptor is insensitive to action potentials. 
C)  Calcium triggers the interaction of actin and myosin and the sliding of filaments. 
D)  DHP and ryanodine receptors have a physical gap between them when they are functioning in a skeletal muscle contraction. 
E)  The ryanodine receptor is located in the T tubule membrane.

Exam 47: Musculoskeletal Systems

A dead body will undergo rigor mortis, a condition in which muscles stiffen and do not relax.This is a result of

Which athlete would likely have the most fast-twitch fibers?

Which ratio of load arm to force arm would generate the greatest force over a small distance?

Which type of joint allows for almost complete rotational movement?

Bricklayers periodically need to carry heavy stacks of bricks from their truck to the work site, and they are quickly fatigued by this activity.An examination of the muscles used to perform this work would reveal

Which statement about smooth muscle cells is true?

Which statement about osteoporosis is true?

Which statement about the development of skeletal muscle fibers is true?

Aerobic exercise like jogging causes changes in skeletal leg muscles, such as

Refer to the figure. In what organ(s) would you find this type of muscle cell?

Which muscle type(s) has/have gap junctions?

Which statement about the skeletal system of the clam is true?

Which feature characterizes actin?

When a person has an accident that results in a broken arm that snaps the humerus in two near the elbow,

Which statement about joints is true?

Which feature about sarcomeres is true?

A sport such as marathon running, which is aerobically demanding and requires long endurance, is reliant on _______ fibers.

Automatic doors require a motor that pushes a rod that opens the door; the door is held in place by a hinge and a doorframe, and a separate controller pulls the door back to the closed position.The rod pushing open the doorframe is most analogous to

Satellite cells in skeletal muscle can perform which function?

Which statement about skeletal muscles is true?

Studying Life

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Nucleic Acids and the Origin of Life

Cells: the Working Units of Life

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Pathways That Harvest Chemical Energy

Photosynthesis: Energy From Sunlight

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Gene Mutation and Molecular Medicine

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Plants Without Seeds: From Water to Land

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