Question 1

A calcified internal skeleton is characteristic of the

Accepted Answer

A)  urochordates. 
B)  echinoderms. 
C)  hemichordates. 
D)  brachiopods. 
E)  phoronids. 
A)  urochordates. 
B)  echinoderms. 
C)  hemichordates. 
D)  brachiopods. 
E)  phoronids.

Question 2

The mudpuppy is a salamander that has retained a completely aquatic lifestyle due to _______ evolutionary processes.

Accepted Answer

A)  oviparous 
B)  viviparous 
C)  neotenic 
D)  gastrulation 
E)  dietary 
A)  oviparous 
B)  viviparous 
C)  neotenic 
D)  gastrulation 
E)  dietary

Question 3

Refer to the figure.   Which statement about the body plan of the larval and adult sea star is true?

Accepted Answer

A)  The bilateral adult moves via cilia; the pentaradial larva moves via tube feet. 
B)  The adult is a filter feeder; the larva uses its tube feet to feed. 
C)  Both the adult and larva have a water vascular system. 
D)  The ciliated arms of the bilateral larva become the ring canal of the pentaradial adult. 
E)  The bilateral larva moves via cilia; the pentaradial adult moves via tube feet. 
A)  The bilateral adult moves via cilia; the pentaradial larva moves via tube feet. 
B)  The adult is a filter feeder; the larva uses its tube feet to feed. 
C)  Both the adult and larva have a water vascular system. 
D)  The ciliated arms of the bilateral larva become the ring canal of the pentaradial adult. 
E)  The bilateral larva moves via cilia; the pentaradial adult moves via tube feet.

Question 4

A water vascular system may be advantageous in echinoderms because

Accepted Answer

A)  it increases reproductive output. 
B)  it accomplishes the function of three separate systems (gas exchange, locomotion, and feeding). 
C)  it allows an organism to rapidly move in the water. 
D)  it increases the amount of time an echinoderm can spend on land. 
E)  it serves as a filtering device for environmental toxins. 
A)  it increases reproductive output. 
B)  it accomplishes the function of three separate systems (gas exchange, locomotion, and feeding). 
C)  it allows an organism to rapidly move in the water. 
D)  it increases the amount of time an echinoderm can spend on land. 
E)  it serves as a filtering device for environmental toxins.

Question 5

The coelacanth is a modern lobe-limbed vertebrate that is also grouped as a(n)

Accepted Answer

A)  cyclostome. 
B)  chondrichthyan. 
C)  gnathostome. 
D)  eutherian. 
E)  tetrapod. 
A)  cyclostome. 
B)  chondrichthyan. 
C)  gnathostome. 
D)  eutherian. 
E)  tetrapod.

Question 6

Lungfishes are found in stagnant swamps and muddy waters of South America, Africa, and Australia.When such environments dry up, lungfishes are able to exchange gases through _______.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Lungfishes are found in stagnant swamps and...

Question 7

Refer to the figure.   One of the key characteristics of these fossilized theropods that led to flight in birds is _______.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Refer to the figure.   One...

Question 8

In 2004, 18,000-year-old fossil remains of a small hominid called _______ were found on the island of Flores in Indonesia.Many anthropologists think this species may be most closely related to _______.

Accepted Answer

A)  Homo sapiens; Homo habilis 
B)  Homo floresiensis; Homo neanderthalensis 
C)  Homo erectus; Homo floresiensis 
D)  Homo neanderthalensis; Homo habilis 
E)  Homo floresiensis; Homo erectus 
A)  Homo sapiens; Homo habilis 
B)  Homo floresiensis; Homo neanderthalensis 
C)  Homo erectus; Homo floresiensis 
D)  Homo neanderthalensis; Homo habilis 
E)  Homo floresiensis; Homo erectus

Question 9

What are some of the functional similarities between mammalian hair and bird feathers?

Accepted Answer

The hair of mammals and feathers of bird

Question 10

A fossil of insectivorous eutherians adapted to arboreal life that was dated to just prior to 90 mya would likely be that of a(n) _______.

Accepted Answer

The answer of A fossil of insectivorous eutherians adapted to...

Question 11

An example of neoteny (retention of juvenile characters into the adult form) is

Accepted Answer

A)  bilateral symmetry in adult chordates. 
B)  pentaradial symmetry in adult echinoderms. 
C)  the notochord of adult lancelets. 
D)  aquatic habits of adult salamanders. 
E)  aquatic habits of adult turtles. 
A)  bilateral symmetry in adult chordates. 
B)  pentaradial symmetry in adult echinoderms. 
C)  the notochord of adult lancelets. 
D)  aquatic habits of adult salamanders. 
E)  aquatic habits of adult turtles.

Question 12

Refer to the figure.   How do the adults of the species in the figure differ from their larvae?

Accepted Answer

A)  The larvae are chordates; the adults are not. 
B)  The larvae have only two of the three chordate synapomorphies. 
C)  The adults are sessile; the larvae are motile. 
D)  The adults are deuterostomes; the larvae are not. 
E)  Larvae are found in fresh water; adults are marine. 
A)  The larvae are chordates; the adults are not. 
B)  The larvae have only two of the three chordate synapomorphies. 
C)  The adults are sessile; the larvae are motile. 
D)  The adults are deuterostomes; the larvae are not. 
E)  Larvae are found in fresh water; adults are marine.

Question 13

Which of the following forms the sister group to the snakes and lizards?

Accepted Answer

A)  Birds 
B)  Tuataras 
C)  Crocodiles 
D)  Pterosaurs 
E)  Dinosaurs 
A)  Birds 
B)  Tuataras 
C)  Crocodiles 
D)  Pterosaurs 
E)  Dinosaurs

Question 14

Acorn worms and pterobranchs have a body plan consisting of a

Accepted Answer

A)  head and trunk. 
B)  head, trunk, and abdomen. 
C)  proboscis, collar, and trunk. 
D)  head, proboscis, collar, and trunk. 
E)  head, proboscis, and trunk. 
A)  head and trunk. 
B)  head, trunk, and abdomen. 
C)  proboscis, collar, and trunk. 
D)  head, proboscis, collar, and trunk. 
E)  head, proboscis, and trunk.

Question 15

Refer to the figure.   Which of the animals shown in the figure pulls its tentacles into its mouth to wipe food off them?

Accepted Answer

A)  Feather star (Comanthina schlegeli) 
B)  Sea urchin (Echinometra mathaei) 
C)  Sea cucumber (Bohadschia argus) 
D)  Sea star (Marthasterias glacialis) 
E)  Brittle star (Ophiarachna incrassata) 
A)  Feather star (Comanthina schlegeli) 
B)  Sea urchin (Echinometra mathaei) 
C)  Sea cucumber (Bohadschia argus) 
D)  Sea star (Marthasterias glacialis) 
E)  Brittle star (Ophiarachna incrassata)

Question 16

The hominins-the evolutionary lineage that led to humans-separated from the other haplorhines _______ mya in Africa and differ from other members of the clade by having _______.

Accepted Answer

A)  6; prehensile tails 
B)  6; bipedal locomotion 
C)  35; bipedal locomotion 
D)  90; prehensile tails 
E)  90; bipedal locomotion 
A)  6; prehensile tails 
B)  6; bipedal locomotion 
C)  35; bipedal locomotion 
D)  90; prehensile tails 
E)  90; bipedal locomotion

Question 17

Which of the following best illustrates the evolutionary response of tetrapods to major changes in Earth's geology and climate?

Accepted Answer

A)  Formation of pharyngeal slits 
B)  Formation of jaws with teeth 
C)  Formation of tough impermeable skin covered with scales 
D)  Formation of eggs enclosed in gelatinous envelopes 
E)  Formation of an internal bony skeleton 
A)  Formation of pharyngeal slits 
B)  Formation of jaws with teeth 
C)  Formation of tough impermeable skin covered with scales 
D)  Formation of eggs enclosed in gelatinous envelopes 
E)  Formation of an internal bony skeleton

Question 18

Refer to the figure showing a larval and an adult lancelet.   In the lancelet, which of the following are chordate synapomorphies?

Accepted Answer

A)  Pharyngeal slits and notochord 
B)  Notochord and hollow dorsal nerve cord 
C)  Segmented muscles and notochord 
D)  Post-anal tail and pharyngeal slits 
E)  Post-anal tail and segmented muscles 
A)  Pharyngeal slits and notochord 
B)  Notochord and hollow dorsal nerve cord 
C)  Segmented muscles and notochord 
D)  Post-anal tail and pharyngeal slits 
E)  Post-anal tail and segmented muscles

Question 19

Which of the following statements about the notochord is false?

Accepted Answer

A)  It is rigid, but flexible. 
B)  It is present in the adults of all chordates. 
C)  It is made up of large cells with turgid vacuoles. 
D)  It is located on the dorsal side of an organism. 
E)  It is a derived trait of chordates. 
A)  It is rigid, but flexible. 
B)  It is present in the adults of all chordates. 
C)  It is made up of large cells with turgid vacuoles. 
D)  It is located on the dorsal side of an organism. 
E)  It is a derived trait of chordates.

Question 20

In the spring, many freshwater ponds are full of breeding _______, with males uttering species-specific calls to attract females.

Accepted Answer

The answer of In the spring, many freshwater ponds are...

Exam 32: Deuterostome Animals

A calcified internal skeleton is characteristic of the

The mudpuppy is a salamander that has retained a completely aquatic lifestyle due to _______ evolutionary processes.

Refer to the figure. Which statement about the body plan of the larval and adult sea star is true?

A water vascular system may be advantageous in echinoderms because

The coelacanth is a modern lobe-limbed vertebrate that is also grouped as a(n)

Lungfishes are found in stagnant swamps and muddy waters of South America, Africa, and Australia.When such environments dry up, lungfishes are able to exchange gases through _______.

Refer to the figure. One of the key characteristics of these fossilized theropods that led to flight in birds is _______.

In 2004, 18,000-year-old fossil remains of a small hominid called _______ were found on the island of Flores in Indonesia.Many anthropologists think this species may be most closely related to _______.

What are some of the functional similarities between mammalian hair and bird feathers?

A fossil of insectivorous eutherians adapted to arboreal life that was dated to just prior to 90 mya would likely be that of a(n) _______.

An example of neoteny (retention of juvenile characters into the adult form) is

Refer to the figure. How do the adults of the species in the figure differ from their larvae?

Which of the following forms the sister group to the snakes and lizards?

Acorn worms and pterobranchs have a body plan consisting of a

Refer to the figure. Which of the animals shown in the figure pulls its tentacles into its mouth to wipe food off them?

The hominins-the evolutionary lineage that led to humans-separated from the other haplorhines _______ mya in Africa and differ from other members of the clade by having _______.

Which of the following best illustrates the evolutionary response of tetrapods to major changes in Earth's geology and climate?

Refer to the figure showing a larval and an adult lancelet. In the lancelet, which of the following are chordate synapomorphies?

Which of the following statements about the notochord is false?

In the spring, many freshwater ponds are full of breeding _______, with males uttering species-specific calls to attract females.

Studying Life

Small Molecules and the Chemistry of Life

Proteins, Carbohydrates, and Lipids

Nucleic Acids and the Origin of Life

Cells: the Working Units of Life

Cell Membranes

Cell Communication and Multicellularity

Energy, Enzymes, and Metabolism

Pathways That Harvest Chemical Energy

Photosynthesis: Energy From Sunlight

The Cell Cycle and Cell Division

Inheritance, Genes, and Chromosomes

Dna and Its Role in Heredity

From Dna to Protein: Gene Expression

Gene Mutation and Molecular Medicine

Regulation of Gene Expression

Genomes

Recombinant Dna and Biotechnology

Mechanisms of Evolution

Reconstructing and Using Phylogenies

Speciation

Evolution of Genes and Genomes

The History of Life on Earth

Bacteria, Archaea, and Viruses

The Origin and Diversification of Eukaryotes

Plants Without Seeds: From Water to Land

The Evolution of Seed Plants

The Evolution and Diversity of Fungi

Animal Origins and the Evolution of Body Plans

Protostome Animals

The Plant Body

Transport in Plants

Plant Nutrition

Regulation of Plant Growth

Reproduction in Flowering Plants

Plant Responses to Environmental Challenges

Physiology, Homeostasis, and Temperature Regulation

Animal Hormones

Immunology: Animal Defense Systems

Animal Reproduction

Animal Development

Neurons, Glia, and Nervous Systems

Sensory Systems

The Mammalian Nervous System: Structure and Higher Functions

Musculoskeletal Systems

Gas Exchange

Circulatory Systems

Nutrition, Digestion, and Absorption

Salt and Water Balance and Nitrogen Excretion

Animal Behavior

The Physical Environment and Biogeography of Life

Populations

Species Interactions

Communities

Ecosystems

A Changing Biosphere

Filters

In 2004, 18,000-year-old fossil remains of a small hominid called _ were found on the island of Flores in Indonesia.Many anthropologists think this species may be most closely related to _.

The hominins-the evolutionary lineage that led to humans-separated from the other haplorhines _ mya in Africa and differ from other members of the clade by having _.