Question 1

Specialized reproductive organs on the gametophyte are _______ that produce _______ by _______.

Accepted Answer

A)  embryos; zygotes; fertilization 
B)  gametangia; gametes; mitosis 
C)  sporangia; spores; meiosis 
D)  sporangia; spores; mitosis 
E)  gametangia; spores; meiosis 
A)  embryos; zygotes; fertilization 
B)  gametangia; gametes; mitosis 
C)  sporangia; spores; meiosis 
D)  sporangia; spores; mitosis 
E)  gametangia; spores; meiosis

Question 2

Create a table that describes trends in sporophyte and gametophyte generations of the following land plants: mosses, liverworts, hornworts, lycophytes, horsetails, and ferns.Include whether the sporophyte and gametophyte are dependent or independent, as well as what type of vasculature (if any) is found in each group.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Create a table that describes trends in...

Question 3

What does the figure show?

Accepted Answer

A)  Structures containing developing embryos 
B)  Structures specific to microphylls 
C)  Structures that hold clusters of spores 
D)  Structures that produce male gametes 
E)  A pathogen of euphyllophytes 
A)  Structures containing developing embryos 
B)  Structures specific to microphylls 
C)  Structures that hold clusters of spores 
D)  Structures that produce male gametes 
E)  A pathogen of euphyllophytes

Question 4

In nonvascular plants, the _______ is photosynthetic and is _______ independent of the _______.

Accepted Answer

A)  gametophyte; nutritionally; sporophyte 
B)  sporophyte; nutritionally; gametophyte 
C)  gametophyte; reproductively; sporophyte 
D)  sporophyte; reproductively; gametophyte 
E)  sporophyte; structurally; gametophyte 
A)  gametophyte; nutritionally; sporophyte 
B)  sporophyte; nutritionally; gametophyte 
C)  gametophyte; reproductively; sporophyte 
D)  sporophyte; reproductively; gametophyte 
E)  sporophyte; structurally; gametophyte

Question 5

The evolution pictured in the figure is best described as

Accepted Answer

A)  the dichotomous branching of a sporophyte that would eventually develop into a microphyll. 
B)  the dichotomous branching of a sporophyte that would eventually develop into a megaphyll. 
C)  the flattening of a branching sporophyte characterized by overtopping that would eventually develop into a microphyll. 
D)  the flattening of a branching sporophyte characterized by overtopping that would eventually develop into a megaphyll. 
E)  asymmetrical apical growth that would eventually form photosynthetic material between branches. 
A)  the dichotomous branching of a sporophyte that would eventually develop into a microphyll. 
B)  the dichotomous branching of a sporophyte that would eventually develop into a megaphyll. 
C)  the flattening of a branching sporophyte characterized by overtopping that would eventually develop into a microphyll. 
D)  the flattening of a branching sporophyte characterized by overtopping that would eventually develop into a megaphyll. 
E)  asymmetrical apical growth that would eventually form photosynthetic material between branches.

Question 6

Refer to the figure, which shows hornworts.   From which part of this hornwort would spores be released?

Accepted Answer

A)  A 
B)  B 
C)  C 
D)  The relevant structure is not shown. 
E)  Hornworts do not form spores. 
A)  A 
B)  B 
C)  C 
D)  The relevant structure is not shown. 
E)  Hornworts do not form spores.

Question 7

Refer to the figure.   Which of the taxa listed below fit the criteria of "vascular plants" in the diagram? Be sure to include all possible taxa in your answer. 
A.Angiosperms
B.Horsetails
C.Bryophytes
D.Gymnosperms
E.Hornworts
F.Lycophytes
G.Monilophytes
H.Stoneworts

Accepted Answer

A)  A, B, D, F, G 
B)  B, C, E, H 
C)  A, B, C, D, E, F, G, H 
D)  F, G, H 
E)  A, B, C, D, E, F, G 
A)  A, B, D, F, G 
B)  B, C, E, H 
C)  A, B, C, D, E, F, G, H 
D)  F, G, H 
E)  A, B, C, D, E, F, G

Question 8

Stomata function to

Accepted Answer

A)  control the entry and exit of O2, CO2, and water vapor from the plant surface. 
B)  prevent light from penetrating the plant surface. 
C)  prevent CO2 loss from the plant surface. 
D)  control the entry and exit of nutrients from the plant surface. 
E)  control the release of spores from the sporophyte. 
A)  control the entry and exit of O2, CO2, and water vapor from the plant surface. 
B)  prevent light from penetrating the plant surface. 
C)  prevent CO2 loss from the plant surface. 
D)  control the entry and exit of nutrients from the plant surface. 
E)  control the release of spores from the sporophyte.

Question 9

If an organism possesses the photosynthetic pigment _______, it is a type of red algae and, unlike green plants, does not use _______ as a storage compound.

Accepted Answer

phycoeryth

Question 10

Primary endosymbiosis gave rise to ________ in the clade of photosynthetic eukaryotes.

Accepted Answer

A)  chloroplasts 
B)  chlorophyll b 
C)  protected embryos 
D)  stoneworts 
E)  nuclei 
A)  chloroplasts 
B)  chlorophyll b 
C)  protected embryos 
D)  stoneworts 
E)  nuclei

Question 11

Without water, the fern life cycle could not be completed because sperm would be unable to reach the eggs and a new _______-a structure that can survive for hundreds of years in some species-could not form.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Without water, the fern life cycle could...

Question 12

In the nonvascular plants, the conspicuous green structure visible to the naked eye is called the _______.

Accepted Answer

The answer of In the nonvascular plants, the conspicuous green...

Question 13

During the Carboniferous period, forests of large plants dominated the landscape.Which of the following were not among them?

Accepted Answer

A)  Club mosses 
B)  Horsetails 
C)  Ferns 
D)  Lycophytes 
E)  Mosses 
A)  Club mosses 
B)  Horsetails 
C)  Ferns 
D)  Lycophytes 
E)  Mosses

Question 14

In mosses, the protonema resembles filamentous green algae because

Accepted Answer

A)  both are composed of branched photosynthetic filaments. 
B)  both contain nonphotosynthetic cells involved in nitrogen acquisition. 
C)  both produce three-dimensional buds after a certain period of linear growth. 
D)  both produce linear, unbranched photosynthetic filaments. 
E)  both contain nonphotosynthetic cells involved in detoxifying chemical pollutants. 
A)  both are composed of branched photosynthetic filaments. 
B)  both contain nonphotosynthetic cells involved in nitrogen acquisition. 
C)  both produce three-dimensional buds after a certain period of linear growth. 
D)  both produce linear, unbranched photosynthetic filaments. 
E)  both contain nonphotosynthetic cells involved in detoxifying chemical pollutants.

Question 15

Which trait shared by coleochaetophytes, stoneworts, and land plants is most likely to have aided with successful colonization on land?

Accepted Answer

A)  The ability to retain eggs in the parental organism 
B)  Cytoplasmic connections for cell-cell communication 
C)  Specialized vascular cells 
D)  A dominant sporophyte generation 
E)  Presence of stomata 
A)  The ability to retain eggs in the parental organism 
B)  Cytoplasmic connections for cell-cell communication 
C)  Specialized vascular cells 
D)  A dominant sporophyte generation 
E)  Presence of stomata

Question 16

Despite sharing the common name _______, all aquatic photosynthetic eukaryotes are not closely related.In fact, the most likely ancestors of the Plantae were similar to the _______-the modern _______ group to plants.

Accepted Answer

algae; gla

Question 17

Coleochaetophytes have all of the following synapomorphies in common with stoneworts except

Accepted Answer

A)  plasmodesmata. 
B)  apical growth. 
C)  features of cytokinesis. 
D)  retention of egg on parental tissue. 
E)  multicellularity. 
A)  plasmodesmata. 
B)  apical growth. 
C)  features of cytokinesis. 
D)  retention of egg on parental tissue. 
E)  multicellularity.

Question 18

The _______ of rhyniophytes differed from modern roots in that they were underground horizontal stems that contained water-absorbing unicellular filaments called _______ rather than the elaborate vasculature found in roots.

Accepted Answer

The answer of The _______ of rhyniophytes differed from modern...

Question 19

Which of the following regarding vascular plant evolution is false?

Accepted Answer

A)  The fossil record shows that vascular plants appeared on land after the first land animals. 
B)  It is hypothesized that vascular plants evolved from a single evolutionary event. 
C)  The tracheid is the principal water-conducting element of the xylem in all early vascular plants. 
D)  The evolution of an effective cuticle and protective layers for the gametangia (archegonia and antheridia) contributed to the success of the first vascular plants. 
E)  The earliest vascular plants lacked roots and leaves. 
A)  The fossil record shows that vascular plants appeared on land after the first land animals. 
B)  It is hypothesized that vascular plants evolved from a single evolutionary event. 
C)  The tracheid is the principal water-conducting element of the xylem in all early vascular plants. 
D)  The evolution of an effective cuticle and protective layers for the gametangia (archegonia and antheridia) contributed to the success of the first vascular plants. 
E)  The earliest vascular plants lacked roots and leaves.

Question 20

Xylem and phloem are both types of

Accepted Answer

A)  photosynthetic cells. 
B)  gametophyte tissue. 
C)  spores. 
D)  vascular tissue. 
E)  moss cells. 
A)  photosynthetic cells. 
B)  gametophyte tissue. 
C)  spores. 
D)  vascular tissue. 
E)  moss cells.

Exam 27: Plants Without Seeds: From Water to Land

Specialized reproductive organs on the gametophyte are _______ that produce _______ by _______.

What does the figure show?

In nonvascular plants, the _______ is photosynthetic and is _______ independent of the _______.

The evolution pictured in the figure is best described as

Refer to the figure, which shows hornworts. From which part of this hornwort would spores be released?

Refer to the figure. Which of the taxa listed below fit the criteria of "vascular plants" in the diagram? Be sure to include all possible taxa in your answer. A.Angiosperms B.Horsetails C.Bryophytes D.Gymnosperms E.Hornworts F.Lycophytes G.Monilophytes H.Stoneworts

Stomata function to

If an organism possesses the photosynthetic pigment _______, it is a type of red algae and, unlike green plants, does not use _______ as a storage compound.

Primary endosymbiosis gave rise to ________ in the clade of photosynthetic eukaryotes.

Without water, the fern life cycle could not be completed because sperm would be unable to reach the eggs and a new _______-a structure that can survive for hundreds of years in some species-could not form.

In the nonvascular plants, the conspicuous green structure visible to the naked eye is called the _______.

During the Carboniferous period, forests of large plants dominated the landscape.Which of the following were not among them?

In mosses, the protonema resembles filamentous green algae because

Which trait shared by coleochaetophytes, stoneworts, and land plants is most likely to have aided with successful colonization on land?

Despite sharing the common name _______, all aquatic photosynthetic eukaryotes are not closely related.In fact, the most likely ancestors of the Plantae were similar to the _______-the modern _______ group to plants.

Coleochaetophytes have all of the following synapomorphies in common with stoneworts except

The _______ of rhyniophytes differed from modern roots in that they were underground horizontal stems that contained water-absorbing unicellular filaments called _______ rather than the elaborate vasculature found in roots.

Which of the following regarding vascular plant evolution is false?

Xylem and phloem are both types of

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Specialized reproductive organs on the gametophyte are ___ that produce _ by _____.

In nonvascular plants, the ___ is photosynthetic and is _ independent of the _____.

If an organism possesses the photosynthetic pigment _, it is a type of red algae and, unlike green plants, does not use _ as a storage compound.

Despite sharing the common name ___, all aquatic photosynthetic eukaryotes are not closely related.In fact, the most likely ancestors of the Plantae were similar to the _-the modern _____ group to plants.

The _ of rhyniophytes differed from modern roots in that they were underground horizontal stems that contained water-absorbing unicellular filaments called _ rather than the elaborate vasculature found in roots.