Exam 14: From Dna to Protein: Gene Expression

Suppose that a certain wild-type bacteria can synthesize substance D, but various mutant strains cannot.We know that substance D is synthesized from substance X in a pathway that involves three intermediate substances (A, B, and C), but we do not know the order of the steps in the pathway.The table shows four different mutant strains that have been tested for their ability to grow on the various substances.The "+" means that the strain can grow on that substance.The "‒" means that the strain cannot grow on that substance. If another strain (say, strain 5) grows on substance B but does not grow on substance C, we can infer that it

Which statement about translation is false?

The anticodon 3ʹ-UAC-5ʹ will bind to which of the following codons?

Consensus sequences (short segments of DNA) appear in the boundaries between introns and exons of various genes.These sequences appear to be involved in

Initiation of translation of an mRNA has begun, then suddenly ceases after about 20 _______ amino acids are detected at the N terminus.When the entire complex-mRNA and ribosome-binds to a specific signal recognition particle on the RER, translation resumes.

The gene product _______ translates mRNA into a polypeptide.

What in eukaryotes has a role most similar to that of the Shine-Dalgarno sequence in prokaryotes?

The direction of synthesis for a new mRNA molecule is _______ from a _______ template strand.

The synthesis of DNA from RNA is called _______.

Suppose that the coding region of a gene contains 1,800 base pairs, with 570 in exon 1, with 420 in exon 2, and with 810 in exon 3 (not counting the stop codon).A protein in a splice variant of this gene in which exon 2 was spliced out would be composed of _______ amino acids.

An mRNA molecule that is 960 nucleotides long can have as many as _______ codons.

The adapters that allow translation of the 4-letter nucleic acid language into the 20-letter protein language are called

A protein that is destined to be secreted from the cell

If a strand of mRNA has the sequence 5ʹ-CUGUCA...ACUC-3ʹ (with […] representing the intervening sequence), what was the template strand of DNA used to produce this mRNA?

Protein kinases are involved in the _______ of other proteins.

Suppose there is a mutation in one of the small nuclear ribonucleoprotiens (snRNPs) that somewhat reduces its functionality.Which scenario is most likely to occur?

Refer to the figure. What process is indicated by the letter "X"?

Greater numbers of base changes are found in mRNA than in replicated DNA from the same gene sequence, because RNA polymerase

During _______, the molecule _______ recognizes which amino acid should be added next to a growing polypeptide chain.

Which statement about RNA is false?