Question 1

Which event can occur when fetal and adult types of hemoglobin are at the same PO2?

Accepted Answer

A)  Adult hemoglobin releases O2 and fetal hemoglobin picks up O2. 
B)  Adult hemoglobin holds O2 and fetal hemoglobin releases O2. 
C)  Fetal hemoglobin releases O2 and adult hemoglobin picks up O2. 
D)  Fetal hemoglobin releases O2 and adult hemoglobin holds O2. 
E)  Fetal hemoglobin is 50% saturated with O2 and adult hemoglobin is 100% saturated with O2. 
A)  Adult hemoglobin releases O2 and fetal hemoglobin picks up O2. 
B)  Adult hemoglobin holds O2 and fetal hemoglobin releases O2. 
C)  Fetal hemoglobin releases O2 and adult hemoglobin picks up O2. 
D)  Fetal hemoglobin releases O2 and adult hemoglobin holds O2. 
E)  Fetal hemoglobin is 50% saturated with O2 and adult hemoglobin is 100% saturated with O2.

Question 2

Refer to the figure showing feedback information that controls breathing in humans.   The nerves labeled 1 are _______; the structure labeled 2 senses the _______; and the nerve labeled 3 is _______.

Accepted Answer

A)  sensory; O2 content of the blood; a sensory nerve that goes to the heart 
B)  sensory; hydrogen ions in the cerebrospinal fluid; a motor nerve that stimulates the diaphragm to contract 
C)  sensory; N2 content of the blood; a motor nerve that innervates the intercostal muscles 
D)  motor; O2 content of the blood; a sensory nerve to the diaphragm 
E)  motor; pH of the blood; the phrenic nerve 
A)  sensory; O2 content of the blood; a sensory nerve that goes to the heart 
B)  sensory; hydrogen ions in the cerebrospinal fluid; a motor nerve that stimulates the diaphragm to contract 
C)  sensory; N2 content of the blood; a motor nerve that innervates the intercostal muscles 
D)  motor; O2 content of the blood; a sensory nerve to the diaphragm 
E)  motor; pH of the blood; the phrenic nerve

Question 3

External gills, tracheae, and lungs share which set of characteristics?

Accepted Answer

A)  They are parts of gas exchange systems, they exchange both CO2 and O2, and they increase surface area for diffusion. 
B)  They are used by water breathers, their functioning is based on countercurrent exchange, and they make use of negative pressure for breathing. 
C)  They exchange only O2, they are associated with a circulatory system, and they are found in vertebrates. 
D)  They are found in insects, they employ positive-pressure pumping, and their functioning is based on crosscurrent flow. 
E)  They are parts of gas exchange systems, they exchange both CO2 and O2, and they decrease surface area for diffusion. 
A)  They are parts of gas exchange systems, they exchange both CO2 and O2, and they increase surface area for diffusion. 
B)  They are used by water breathers, their functioning is based on countercurrent exchange, and they make use of negative pressure for breathing. 
C)  They exchange only O2, they are associated with a circulatory system, and they are found in vertebrates. 
D)  They are found in insects, they employ positive-pressure pumping, and their functioning is based on crosscurrent flow. 
E)  They are parts of gas exchange systems, they exchange both CO2 and O2, and they decrease surface area for diffusion.

Question 4

How can an aquatic animal with no specialized respiratory organs obtain enough O2 to all of its cells to survive?

Accepted Answer

Because an aquatic animal without a spec

Question 5

The movement of O2 and CO2 between the blood in the tissue capillaries and the cells in tissues depends most directly upon

Accepted Answer

A)  active transport of O2 and CO2. 
B)  total atmospheric (barometric) pressure differences across the cell membranes. 
C)  diffusion of O2 and CO2 down a concentration gradient. 
D)  diffusion of O2 and CO2 down a partial pressure gradient. 
E)  osmosis across cell membranes. 
A)  active transport of O2 and CO2. 
B)  total atmospheric (barometric) pressure differences across the cell membranes. 
C)  diffusion of O2 and CO2 down a concentration gradient. 
D)  diffusion of O2 and CO2 down a partial pressure gradient. 
E)  osmosis across cell membranes.

Question 6

Aquatic animals that lack an internal system for transporting O2

Accepted Answer

A)  often have thick bodies. 
B)  are always large. 
C)  may have a thick body built around a central cavity through which water circulates. 
D)  have cells that are all close to the respiratory medium. 
E)  have lungs that project outward into the water. 
A)  often have thick bodies. 
B)  are always large. 
C)  may have a thick body built around a central cavity through which water circulates. 
D)  have cells that are all close to the respiratory medium. 
E)  have lungs that project outward into the water.

Question 7

Which statement about the respiratory organs of animals is true?

Accepted Answer

A)  Most water-breathing animals have lungs. 
B)  Most air-breathing animals have gills. 
C)  External gills are highly branched, thin extensions that maximize diffusion distance. 
D)  Lungs are usually unpaired and elastic. 
E)  The respiratory organs of air-breathing insects are called tracheae. 
A)  Most water-breathing animals have lungs. 
B)  Most air-breathing animals have gills. 
C)  External gills are highly branched, thin extensions that maximize diffusion distance. 
D)  Lungs are usually unpaired and elastic. 
E)  The respiratory organs of air-breathing insects are called tracheae.

Exam 48: Gas Exchange

Which event can occur when fetal and adult types of hemoglobin are at the same PO2?

Refer to the figure showing feedback information that controls breathing in humans. The nerves labeled 1 are _______; the structure labeled 2 senses the _______; and the nerve labeled 3 is _______.

External gills, tracheae, and lungs share which set of characteristics?

How can an aquatic animal with no specialized respiratory organs obtain enough O2 to all of its cells to survive?

The movement of O2 and CO2 between the blood in the tissue capillaries and the cells in tissues depends most directly upon

Aquatic animals that lack an internal system for transporting O2

Which statement about the respiratory organs of animals is true?

Studying Life

Small Molecules and the Chemistry of Life

Proteins, Carbohydrates, and Lipids

Nucleic Acids and the Origin of Life

Cells: the Working Units of Life

Cell Membranes

Cell Communication and Multicellularity

Energy, Enzymes, and Metabolism

Pathways That Harvest Chemical Energy

Photosynthesis: Energy From Sunlight

The Cell Cycle and Cell Division

Inheritance, Genes, and Chromosomes

Dna and Its Role in Heredity

From Dna to Protein: Gene Expression

Gene Mutation and Molecular Medicine

Regulation of Gene Expression

Genomes

Recombinant Dna and Biotechnology

Mechanisms of Evolution

Reconstructing and Using Phylogenies

Speciation

Evolution of Genes and Genomes

The History of Life on Earth

Bacteria, Archaea, and Viruses

The Origin and Diversification of Eukaryotes

Plants Without Seeds: From Water to Land

The Evolution of Seed Plants

The Evolution and Diversity of Fungi

Animal Origins and the Evolution of Body Plans

Protostome Animals

Deuterostome Animals

The Plant Body

Transport in Plants

Plant Nutrition

Regulation of Plant Growth

Reproduction in Flowering Plants

Plant Responses to Environmental Challenges

Physiology, Homeostasis, and Temperature Regulation

Animal Hormones

Immunology: Animal Defense Systems

Animal Reproduction

Animal Development

Neurons, Glia, and Nervous Systems

Sensory Systems

The Mammalian Nervous System: Structure and Higher Functions

Musculoskeletal Systems

Circulatory Systems

Nutrition, Digestion, and Absorption

Salt and Water Balance and Nitrogen Excretion

Animal Behavior

The Physical Environment and Biogeography of Life

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A Changing Biosphere

Filters

Which event can occur when fetal and adult types of hemoglobin are at the same PO₂?

Refer to the figure showing feedback information that controls breathing in humans. The nerves labeled 1 are ___; the structure labeled 2 senses the _; and the nerve labeled 3 is _____.

How can an aquatic animal with no specialized respiratory organs obtain enough O₂to all of its cells to survive?

The movement of O₂ and CO₂ between the blood in the tissue capillaries and the cells in tissues depends most directly upon

Aquatic animals that lack an internal system for transporting O₂