Question 1

If you do not get adequate sunshine, you may become deficient in vitamin D, which could result in a deficiency in _______, a mineral that is tightly controlled in your blood.

Accepted Answer

The answer of If you do not get adequate sunshine,...

Question 2

Refer to the figure featuring the posterior pituitary.   The structures labeled 1 in the figure

Accepted Answer

A)  are part of the portal system between the hypothalamus and pituitary gland. 
B)  carry essential nutrients to the posterior pituitary. 
C)  release tropic hormones. 
D)  transport vesicles containing the hormones that end up leaving in the bloodstream at point 2. 
E)  are axons that stimulate cells in the posterior pituitary to synthesize and then secrete hormones. 
A)  are part of the portal system between the hypothalamus and pituitary gland. 
B)  carry essential nutrients to the posterior pituitary. 
C)  release tropic hormones. 
D)  transport vesicles containing the hormones that end up leaving in the bloodstream at point 2. 
E)  are axons that stimulate cells in the posterior pituitary to synthesize and then secrete hormones.

Question 3

Which statement relating to hormones is true?

Accepted Answer

A)  Endocrine glands have ducts. 
B)  Target cells are the cells that are exposed to a hormone. 
C)  Exocrine glands lack ducts and secrete their products into the extracellular fluid. 
D)  A single endocrine gland can secrete multiple hormones. 
E)  Target cells that lack receptors respond to hormones. 
A)  Endocrine glands have ducts. 
B)  Target cells are the cells that are exposed to a hormone. 
C)  Exocrine glands lack ducts and secrete their products into the extracellular fluid. 
D)  A single endocrine gland can secrete multiple hormones. 
E)  Target cells that lack receptors respond to hormones.

Question 4

Which hormone causes a sudden but not sustained rise in blood pressure in response to stress?

Accepted Answer

A)  Insulin 
B)  Glucagon 
C)  Norepinephrine 
D)  Somatostatin 
E)  Cortisol 
A)  Insulin 
B)  Glucagon 
C)  Norepinephrine 
D)  Somatostatin 
E)  Cortisol

Question 5

Which action occurs after blood levels of cortisol rise?

Accepted Answer

A)  Inhibition of corticotropin-releasing hormone from the hypothalamus 
B)  Inhibition of corticotropin release-inhibiting hormone from the hypothalamus 
C)  Stimulation of adrenocorticotropin release from the posterior pituitary 
D)  Increased release of adrenocorticotropin from the anterior pituitary 
E)  Increased production of glucocorticoids 
A)  Inhibition of corticotropin-releasing hormone from the hypothalamus 
B)  Inhibition of corticotropin release-inhibiting hormone from the hypothalamus 
C)  Stimulation of adrenocorticotropin release from the posterior pituitary 
D)  Increased release of adrenocorticotropin from the anterior pituitary 
E)  Increased production of glucocorticoids

Question 6

When a tumor grows in an endocrine gland, overproduction and secretion of the gland's hormone(s) often results.Which might be associated with a tumor of the parathyroid glands?

Accepted Answer

A)  Stronger bones 
B)  Kidney stones 
C)  Decreased conversion of vitamin D to calcitriol 
D)  Increased activity of the nervous system 
E)  Increased muscle strength, especially in the heart 
A)  Stronger bones 
B)  Kidney stones 
C)  Decreased conversion of vitamin D to calcitriol 
D)  Increased activity of the nervous system 
E)  Increased muscle strength, especially in the heart

Question 7

Which of the following is an observation of Rhodnius bugs that helped explain the role of insect hormones?

Accepted Answer

A)  A blood meal triggers molting in these bugs. 
B)  If decapitated immediately following a blood meal, the bug will molt. 
C)  When two bugs are connected, they molt simultaneously. 
D)  When two bugs are connected, the feeding status of one can trigger molting in the other. 
E)  When two bugs are decapitated and connected, they do not molt into adults. 
A)  A blood meal triggers molting in these bugs. 
B)  If decapitated immediately following a blood meal, the bug will molt. 
C)  When two bugs are connected, they molt simultaneously. 
D)  When two bugs are connected, the feeding status of one can trigger molting in the other. 
E)  When two bugs are decapitated and connected, they do not molt into adults.

Question 8

Glands that secrete hormones into the extracellular fluid are called _______ glands.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Glands that secrete hormones into the extracellular...

Question 9

Which statement about thyroxine is true?

Accepted Answer

A)  It is water-soluble. 
B)  It inhibits amino acid uptake and protein synthesis. 
C)  Its main target in the body is the thyroid gland. 
D)  It elevates metabolic rate. 
E)  An overabundance of it during early development causes cretinism. 
A)  It is water-soluble. 
B)  It inhibits amino acid uptake and protein synthesis. 
C)  Its main target in the body is the thyroid gland. 
D)  It elevates metabolic rate. 
E)  An overabundance of it during early development causes cretinism.

Question 10

Which statement about antidiuretic hormone (ADH) is true?

Accepted Answer

A)  ADH reduces water conservation in the kidneys. 
B)  When levels of salt increase in the blood, the posterior pituitary secretes less ADH. 
C)  ADH relaxes peripheral blood vessels. 
D)  When levels of ADH are high, the kidneys produce large amounts of very dilute urine. 
E)  In response to low blood pressure, the posterior pituitary secretes more ADH. 
A)  ADH reduces water conservation in the kidneys. 
B)  When levels of salt increase in the blood, the posterior pituitary secretes less ADH. 
C)  ADH relaxes peripheral blood vessels. 
D)  When levels of ADH are high, the kidneys produce large amounts of very dilute urine. 
E)  In response to low blood pressure, the posterior pituitary secretes more ADH.

Question 11

Circulating thyroxine exerts negative feedback on

Accepted Answer

A)  cells of the anterior pituitary, making them less responsive to thyrotropin-releasing hormone (TRH). 
B)  cells of the hypothalamus, so they produce and release more thyrotropin-releasing hormone (TRH). 
C)  cells of the posterior pituitary, so they produce less thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH). 
D)  cells of the thyroid gland, so they produce less calcitonin. 
E)  target cells, so they convert less of the inactive to the active form of thyroid hormone. 
A)  cells of the anterior pituitary, making them less responsive to thyrotropin-releasing hormone (TRH). 
B)  cells of the hypothalamus, so they produce and release more thyrotropin-releasing hormone (TRH). 
C)  cells of the posterior pituitary, so they produce less thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH). 
D)  cells of the thyroid gland, so they produce less calcitonin. 
E)  target cells, so they convert less of the inactive to the active form of thyroid hormone.

Question 12

Refer to the figure showing the thyroid gland.   Based on the figure, what can you conclude about which cells synthesize thyroid hormone and how lysosomes are involved in this synthesis?

Accepted Answer

Epithelial cells of the thyroi

Question 13

Which hormone lowers blood phosphate levels?

Accepted Answer

A)  Somatostatin 
B)  Melatonin 
C)  Aldosterone 
D)  Testosterone 
E)  Parathyroid hormone 
A)  Somatostatin 
B)  Melatonin 
C)  Aldosterone 
D)  Testosterone 
E)  Parathyroid hormone

Question 14

Refer to the figure featuring the anterior pituitary.   A newly discovered species of ground squirrel is found at high altitudes where the air is very dry, and the squirrels' kidneys are extremely good at conserving water.The hormonal control of this ability is organized in which structure?

Accepted Answer

The answer of Refer to the figure featuring the anterior...

Question 15

When a hormone's receptor is on the cell that secretes the hormone, the cell is said to have a(n) _______ function.

Accepted Answer

The answer of When a hormone's receptor is on the...

Question 16

Why does urine output typically increase following alcohol consumption?

Accepted Answer

A)  Alcohol blocks secretion of oxytocin. 
B)  Alcohol temporarily promotes secretion of calcitriol. 
C)  Alcohol increases salt in the blood. 
D)  Alcohol inhibits secretion of antidiuretic hormone (ADH). 
E)  Alcohol causes blood pressure to drop. 
A)  Alcohol blocks secretion of oxytocin. 
B)  Alcohol temporarily promotes secretion of calcitriol. 
C)  Alcohol increases salt in the blood. 
D)  Alcohol inhibits secretion of antidiuretic hormone (ADH). 
E)  Alcohol causes blood pressure to drop.

Question 17

When a T cell is stimulated to produce interleukin-2, that interleukin-2 stimulates the same T cell to divide.This is an example of _______ action.

Accepted Answer

A)  peptide 
B)  autocrine 
C)  corticosteroid 
D)  cortisol 
E)  paracrine 
A)  peptide 
B)  autocrine 
C)  corticosteroid 
D)  cortisol 
E)  paracrine

Question 18

Online news sites regularly feature stories of female dogs adopting kittens, or female cats adopting squirrels.This maladaptive behavior is likely caused by the secretion of

Accepted Answer

A)  oxytocin. 
B)  testosterone. 
C)  parathyroid hormone. 
D)  ADH. 
E)  luteinizing hormone. 
A)  oxytocin. 
B)  testosterone. 
C)  parathyroid hormone. 
D)  ADH. 
E)  luteinizing hormone.

Question 19

Which statement relating to the anterior pituitary is true?

Accepted Answer

A)  Enkephalins are released in response to low blood pressure. 
B)  Secretion of hormones by the anterior pituitary is controlled by neurohormones from the hypothalamus. 
C)  Endorphins act as neurotransmitters to raise blood pressure. 
D)  Gigantism results from overproduction of growth hormone in adulthood. 
E)  The connection between the hypothalamus and anterior pituitary is neural, not circulatory. 
A)  Enkephalins are released in response to low blood pressure. 
B)  Secretion of hormones by the anterior pituitary is controlled by neurohormones from the hypothalamus. 
C)  Endorphins act as neurotransmitters to raise blood pressure. 
D)  Gigantism results from overproduction of growth hormone in adulthood. 
E)  The connection between the hypothalamus and anterior pituitary is neural, not circulatory.

Question 20

Hormones

Accepted Answer

A)  cannot affect the cells secreting the hormones. 
B)  can be secreted by individual cells, such as those lining portions of the digestive tract. 
C)  are secreted by exocrine glands, such as the exocrine portion of the pancreas. 
D)  cannot pass through cell membranes after they have been secreted. 
E)  are released from hormone-producing cells by endocytosis. 
A)  cannot affect the cells secreting the hormones. 
B)  can be secreted by individual cells, such as those lining portions of the digestive tract. 
C)  are secreted by exocrine glands, such as the exocrine portion of the pancreas. 
D)  cannot pass through cell membranes after they have been secreted. 
E)  are released from hormone-producing cells by endocytosis.

Exam 40: Animal Hormones

If you do not get adequate sunshine, you may become deficient in vitamin D, which could result in a deficiency in _______, a mineral that is tightly controlled in your blood.

Refer to the figure featuring the posterior pituitary. The structures labeled 1 in the figure

Which statement relating to hormones is true?

Which hormone causes a sudden but not sustained rise in blood pressure in response to stress?

Which action occurs after blood levels of cortisol rise?

When a tumor grows in an endocrine gland, overproduction and secretion of the gland's hormone(s) often results.Which might be associated with a tumor of the parathyroid glands?

Which of the following is an observation of Rhodnius bugs that helped explain the role of insect hormones?

Glands that secrete hormones into the extracellular fluid are called _______ glands.

Which statement about thyroxine is true?

Which statement about antidiuretic hormone (ADH) is true?

Circulating thyroxine exerts negative feedback on

Refer to the figure showing the thyroid gland. Based on the figure, what can you conclude about which cells synthesize thyroid hormone and how lysosomes are involved in this synthesis?

Which hormone lowers blood phosphate levels?

Refer to the figure featuring the anterior pituitary. A newly discovered species of ground squirrel is found at high altitudes where the air is very dry, and the squirrels' kidneys are extremely good at conserving water.The hormonal control of this ability is organized in which structure?

When a hormone's receptor is on the cell that secretes the hormone, the cell is said to have a(n) _______ function.

Why does urine output typically increase following alcohol consumption?

When a T cell is stimulated to produce interleukin-2, that interleukin-2 stimulates the same T cell to divide.This is an example of _______ action.

Online news sites regularly feature stories of female dogs adopting kittens, or female cats adopting squirrels.This maladaptive behavior is likely caused by the secretion of

Which statement relating to the anterior pituitary is true?

Hormones

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