Question 1

Which statement about the hormone aldosterone is true?

Accepted Answer

A)  It is produced by the medulla of the adrenal gland. 
B)  It stimulates the kidneys to conserve sodium and excrete potassium. 
C)  It helps mediate the body's responses to stress. 
D)  It is used as a drug to reduce allergic responses. 
E)  It is a glucocorticoid. 
A)  It is produced by the medulla of the adrenal gland. 
B)  It stimulates the kidneys to conserve sodium and excrete potassium. 
C)  It helps mediate the body's responses to stress. 
D)  It is used as a drug to reduce allergic responses. 
E)  It is a glucocorticoid.

Question 2

A transgender individual could transition from a male to a female by blocking _______ receptors and taking estrogen.

Accepted Answer

The answer of A transgender individual could transition from a...

Question 3

If you want to make a name for yourself in science by identifying a type of hormone that has not yet been discovered, you should focus your research on

Accepted Answer

A)  steroids. 
B)  proteins. 
C)  peptides. 
D)  carbohydrates. 
E)  amines. 
A)  steroids. 
B)  proteins. 
C)  peptides. 
D)  carbohydrates. 
E)  amines.

Question 4

Which statement relating to the adrenal gland is true?

Accepted Answer

A)  Beta blockers selectively block beta-adrenergic receptors and are prescribed to reduce symptoms of anxiety. 
B)  Adrenergic receptors respond to hormones released from the adrenal cortex. 
C)  The effect of norepinephrine on a target cell is independent of receptor type. 
D)  Beta blockers enhance the fight-or-flight response to epinephrine. 
E)  Alpha- and beta-adrenergic receptors respond equally to the hormones they bind to. 
A)  Beta blockers selectively block beta-adrenergic receptors and are prescribed to reduce symptoms of anxiety. 
B)  Adrenergic receptors respond to hormones released from the adrenal cortex. 
C)  The effect of norepinephrine on a target cell is independent of receptor type. 
D)  Beta blockers enhance the fight-or-flight response to epinephrine. 
E)  Alpha- and beta-adrenergic receptors respond equally to the hormones they bind to.

Question 5

Glands that lack ducts are called _______ glands.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Glands that lack ducts are called _______...

Question 6

Transmembrane glycoprotein complexes are

Accepted Answer

A)  receptors, found on target cell surfaces, for peptide hormones. 
B)  receptors, found within the cytoplasm of target cells, for steroid hormones. 
C)  receptors, found within the cytoplasm of target cells, for peptide hormones. 
D)  receptors, found within the nuclei of target cells, for steroid hormones. 
E)  neurohormones. 
A)  receptors, found on target cell surfaces, for peptide hormones. 
B)  receptors, found within the cytoplasm of target cells, for steroid hormones. 
C)  receptors, found within the cytoplasm of target cells, for peptide hormones. 
D)  receptors, found within the nuclei of target cells, for steroid hormones. 
E)  neurohormones.

Question 7

The _______ is an important endocrine gland attached to the hypothalamus and located just above the back of the mouth.

Accepted Answer

The answer of The _______ is an important endocrine gland...

Question 8

The uterine contractions known as "labor pains" are caused by the release of _______ from the posterior pituitary.

Accepted Answer

A)  ADH 
B)  parathyroid hormone 
C)  luteinizing hormone 
D)  oxytocin 
E)  prolactin 
A)  ADH 
B)  parathyroid hormone 
C)  luteinizing hormone 
D)  oxytocin 
E)  prolactin

Question 9

What is the correct order of the body's calcium reservoirs, from largest to smallest?

Accepted Answer

A)  Bones, intracellular fluid, extracellular fluid 
B)  Bones, extracellular fluid, intracellular fluid 
C)  Intracellular fluid, bones, extracellular fluid 
D)  Extracellular fluid, bones, intracellular fluid 
E)  Extracellular fluid, intracellular fluid, bones 
A)  Bones, intracellular fluid, extracellular fluid 
B)  Bones, extracellular fluid, intracellular fluid 
C)  Intracellular fluid, bones, extracellular fluid 
D)  Extracellular fluid, bones, intracellular fluid 
E)  Extracellular fluid, intracellular fluid, bones

Question 10

Which of the following is controlled directly by an endocrine gland, without input from the hypothalamus or pituitary gland?

Accepted Answer

A)  Urine concentration 
B)  Growth 
C)  Calcium 
D)  Secondary sex characteristics 
E)  Metabolic rate 
A)  Urine concentration 
B)  Growth 
C)  Calcium 
D)  Secondary sex characteristics 
E)  Metabolic rate

Question 11

Which statement about signaling within organisms is true?

Accepted Answer

A)  Intercellular communication occurs in bacteria using hormones. 
B)  Sponges lack both a nervous system and chemical signaling among cells. 
C)  Over the course of evolution, the structures of chemical signals have been conserved, but their functions have evolved. 
D)  Plants lack both a nervous system and chemical signaling among cells. 
E)  Particular hormones are typically confined to specific taxa. 
A)  Intercellular communication occurs in bacteria using hormones. 
B)  Sponges lack both a nervous system and chemical signaling among cells. 
C)  Over the course of evolution, the structures of chemical signals have been conserved, but their functions have evolved. 
D)  Plants lack both a nervous system and chemical signaling among cells. 
E)  Particular hormones are typically confined to specific taxa.

Question 12

Which is a hormone involved in regulating molting in insects?

Accepted Answer

A)  Prothoracicotropic hormone (PTTH) 
B)  Oxytocin 
C)  Calcitonin 
D)  Insulin 
E)  Aldosterone 
A)  Prothoracicotropic hormone (PTTH) 
B)  Oxytocin 
C)  Calcitonin 
D)  Insulin 
E)  Aldosterone

Question 13

A castaway on a deserted island puts a message in a bottle and throws it into the ocean, hoping it will wash up on some inhabited shore and bring help.In endocrine signaling, the bottle is analogous to a(n)

Accepted Answer

A)  nerve cell. 
B)  artery. 
C)  carrier molecule. 
D)  hormone. 
E)  receptor. 
A)  nerve cell. 
B)  artery. 
C)  carrier molecule. 
D)  hormone. 
E)  receptor.

Question 14

Hypothalamic portal blood vessels

Accepted Answer

A)  constrict in response to antidiuretic hormone (ADH). 
B)  deliver neurohormones from the hypothalamus to the anterior pituitary. 
C)  deliver oxytocin and antidiuretic hormone (ADH) to the posterior pituitary. 
D)  deliver tropic hormones from the hypothalamus to the anterior pituitary. 
E)  carry nutrients to the hypothalamus. 
A)  constrict in response to antidiuretic hormone (ADH). 
B)  deliver neurohormones from the hypothalamus to the anterior pituitary. 
C)  deliver oxytocin and antidiuretic hormone (ADH) to the posterior pituitary. 
D)  deliver tropic hormones from the hypothalamus to the anterior pituitary. 
E)  carry nutrients to the hypothalamus.

Question 15

Suppose a mutation results in a protein hormone's receptor lacking a binding domain.What is the likely effect of this mutation on the target cell?

Accepted Answer

A)  The cell will have a drastically increased sensitivity to that hormone. 
B)  The cell will have a slightly increased sensitivity to that hormone. 
C)  The cell will have normal hormone effect. 
D)  No hormones will be able to affect the target cells. 
E)  That particular hormone will have no effect on the target cell. 
A)  The cell will have a drastically increased sensitivity to that hormone. 
B)  The cell will have a slightly increased sensitivity to that hormone. 
C)  The cell will have normal hormone effect. 
D)  No hormones will be able to affect the target cells. 
E)  That particular hormone will have no effect on the target cell.

Question 16

Refer to the figure showing the thyroid gland.   A person with a diet deficient in iodine can develop a goiter.At what point in the figure would the production of thyroxine be halted, and what would the consequence be?

Accepted Answer

A)  It would be halted at point 2, and thyroglobulin could not be produced. 
B)  It would be halted at point 3, and thyroglobulin could not be secreted into the follicle lumen. 
C)  It would be halted at point 3, and thyroglobulin would accumulate in the follicle lumen. 
D)  It would be halted at point 5, and thyroglobulin could not be taken up into lysosomal vesicles. 
E)  It would be halted at point 5, and thyroglobulin could not be digested into T3 and T4 and would accumulate in the lysosomes. 
A)  It would be halted at point 2, and thyroglobulin could not be produced. 
B)  It would be halted at point 3, and thyroglobulin could not be secreted into the follicle lumen. 
C)  It would be halted at point 3, and thyroglobulin would accumulate in the follicle lumen. 
D)  It would be halted at point 5, and thyroglobulin could not be taken up into lysosomal vesicles. 
E)  It would be halted at point 5, and thyroglobulin could not be digested into T3 and T4 and would accumulate in the lysosomes.

Question 17

Epinephrine can cause different responses in different organs.There can be a variety of reasons for this.Of those listed, which is the most likely?

Accepted Answer

A)  Different organs can have different receptors that cause different cell responses. 
B)  Different receptors in different organs may activate the same enzymes. 
C)  The hormone changes its conformation prior to binding to different organs. 
D)  The specific response is determined by the number of receptors present. 
E)  The specific response is determined by whether the hormone enters the cell or binds to the cell surface. 
A)  Different organs can have different receptors that cause different cell responses. 
B)  Different receptors in different organs may activate the same enzymes. 
C)  The hormone changes its conformation prior to binding to different organs. 
D)  The specific response is determined by the number of receptors present. 
E)  The specific response is determined by whether the hormone enters the cell or binds to the cell surface.

Question 18

Which hormone increases reabsorption of sodium ions?

Accepted Answer

A)  Somatostatin 
B)  Melatonin 
C)  Aldosterone 
D)  Testosterone 
E)  Parathyroid hormone 
A)  Somatostatin 
B)  Melatonin 
C)  Aldosterone 
D)  Testosterone 
E)  Parathyroid hormone

Question 19

Refer to the figure showing moth metamorphosis.   If you compared the development of this organism with that of an arthropod that undergoes incomplete metamorphosis, which events, if any, would be different?

Accepted Answer

A)  Events at all three arrows would be similar, but the adult would not have wings. 
B)  Events at arrows 1 and 2 would be similar, but the event at 3 would not occur. 
C)  Events at arrows 1 and 3 would be similar, but the organism would skip the pupal stage. 
D)  Events at arrows 2 and 3 would be similar, but there would be no larval stages. 
E)  Events similar to those at arrow 1 would occur, but there would be no pupal stage, and the adult would look more similar to a larval stage. 
A)  Events at all three arrows would be similar, but the adult would not have wings. 
B)  Events at arrows 1 and 2 would be similar, but the event at 3 would not occur. 
C)  Events at arrows 1 and 3 would be similar, but the organism would skip the pupal stage. 
D)  Events at arrows 2 and 3 would be similar, but there would be no larval stages. 
E)  Events similar to those at arrow 1 would occur, but there would be no pupal stage, and the adult would look more similar to a larval stage.

Question 20

When patients are found to be hypothyroid, they are usually prescribed a medication containing _______, the form of thyroxine that is then converted into an active form.

Accepted Answer

The answer of When patients are found to be hypothyroid,...

Exam 40: Animal Hormones

Which statement about the hormone aldosterone is true?

A transgender individual could transition from a male to a female by blocking _______ receptors and taking estrogen.

If you want to make a name for yourself in science by identifying a type of hormone that has not yet been discovered, you should focus your research on

Which statement relating to the adrenal gland is true?

Glands that lack ducts are called _______ glands.

Transmembrane glycoprotein complexes are

The _______ is an important endocrine gland attached to the hypothalamus and located just above the back of the mouth.

The uterine contractions known as "labor pains" are caused by the release of _______ from the posterior pituitary.

What is the correct order of the body's calcium reservoirs, from largest to smallest?

Which of the following is controlled directly by an endocrine gland, without input from the hypothalamus or pituitary gland?

Which statement about signaling within organisms is true?

Which is a hormone involved in regulating molting in insects?

A castaway on a deserted island puts a message in a bottle and throws it into the ocean, hoping it will wash up on some inhabited shore and bring help.In endocrine signaling, the bottle is analogous to a(n)

Hypothalamic portal blood vessels

Suppose a mutation results in a protein hormone's receptor lacking a binding domain.What is the likely effect of this mutation on the target cell?

Refer to the figure showing the thyroid gland. A person with a diet deficient in iodine can develop a goiter.At what point in the figure would the production of thyroxine be halted, and what would the consequence be?

Epinephrine can cause different responses in different organs.There can be a variety of reasons for this.Of those listed, which is the most likely?

Which hormone increases reabsorption of sodium ions?

Refer to the figure showing moth metamorphosis. If you compared the development of this organism with that of an arthropod that undergoes incomplete metamorphosis, which events, if any, would be different?

When patients are found to be hypothyroid, they are usually prescribed a medication containing _______, the form of thyroxine that is then converted into an active form.

Studying Life

Small Molecules and the Chemistry of Life

Proteins, Carbohydrates, and Lipids

Nucleic Acids and the Origin of Life

Cells: the Working Units of Life

Cell Membranes

Cell Communication and Multicellularity

Energy, Enzymes, and Metabolism

Pathways That Harvest Chemical Energy

Photosynthesis: Energy From Sunlight

The Cell Cycle and Cell Division

Inheritance, Genes, and Chromosomes

Dna and Its Role in Heredity

From Dna to Protein: Gene Expression

Gene Mutation and Molecular Medicine

Regulation of Gene Expression

Genomes

Recombinant Dna and Biotechnology

Mechanisms of Evolution

Reconstructing and Using Phylogenies

Speciation

Evolution of Genes and Genomes

The History of Life on Earth

Bacteria, Archaea, and Viruses

The Origin and Diversification of Eukaryotes

Plants Without Seeds: From Water to Land

The Evolution of Seed Plants

The Evolution and Diversity of Fungi

Animal Origins and the Evolution of Body Plans

Protostome Animals

Deuterostome Animals

The Plant Body

Transport in Plants

Plant Nutrition

Regulation of Plant Growth

Reproduction in Flowering Plants

Plant Responses to Environmental Challenges

Physiology, Homeostasis, and Temperature Regulation

Immunology: Animal Defense Systems

Animal Reproduction

Animal Development

Neurons, Glia, and Nervous Systems

Sensory Systems

The Mammalian Nervous System: Structure and Higher Functions

Musculoskeletal Systems

Gas Exchange

Circulatory Systems

Nutrition, Digestion, and Absorption

Salt and Water Balance and Nitrogen Excretion

Animal Behavior

The Physical Environment and Biogeography of Life

Populations

Species Interactions

Communities

Ecosystems

A Changing Biosphere

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