Question 1

All of these hormones are secreted by the anterior pituitary and are hormones that control the activities of other endocrine glands except

Accepted Answer

A)  thyrotropin (TSH). 
B)  adrenocorticotropin (ACTH). 
C)  luteinizing hormone (LH). 
D)  antidiuretic hormone (ADH). 
E)  follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH). 
A)  thyrotropin (TSH). 
B)  adrenocorticotropin (ACTH). 
C)  luteinizing hormone (LH). 
D)  antidiuretic hormone (ADH). 
E)  follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH).

Question 2

What is the main conclusion drawn from pioneering experiments with the bloodsucking bug Rhodnius?

Accepted Answer

A)  A substance produced by an endocrine gland in the abdomen diffuses to the head and triggers molting. 
B)  A blood meal stimulates production of a substance in the head, which slowly diffuses throughout the body and triggers molting. 
C)  Rhodnius does not molt once decapitated. 
D)  A blood meal stimulates production of a substance in the head, which rapidly travels to specific locations in the body, where it triggers molting. 
E)  Hormones prompt growth and development in Rhodnius, but not molting. 
A)  A substance produced by an endocrine gland in the abdomen diffuses to the head and triggers molting. 
B)  A blood meal stimulates production of a substance in the head, which slowly diffuses throughout the body and triggers molting. 
C)  Rhodnius does not molt once decapitated. 
D)  A blood meal stimulates production of a substance in the head, which rapidly travels to specific locations in the body, where it triggers molting. 
E)  Hormones prompt growth and development in Rhodnius, but not molting.

Question 3

In cattle, a freemartin is an infertile female with masculinized behavior that shared a placental vascular connection with its male twin.The most likely explanation for how this could occur is that

Accepted Answer

A)  the female twin has an XY genotype. 
B)  the male twin has an XX genotype. 
C)  androgens from the developing male twin circulated to the female twin, masculinizing it in utero. 
D)  the female twin has androgen insensitivity syndrome. 
E)  the female twin lacks receptors for estrogen. 
A)  the female twin has an XY genotype. 
B)  the male twin has an XX genotype. 
C)  androgens from the developing male twin circulated to the female twin, masculinizing it in utero. 
D)  the female twin has androgen insensitivity syndrome. 
E)  the female twin lacks receptors for estrogen.

Question 4

Which of the following is the earliest event in puberty?

Accepted Answer

A)  The hypothalamus releases more GnRH. 
B)  The level of circulating androgens rises in males. 
C)  The menstrual cycle is initiated in females. 
D)  The gonads differentiate into testes or ovaries. 
E)  The hypothalamic GnRH-producing cells become more sensitive to negative feedback from sex steroids and gonadotropins. 
A)  The hypothalamus releases more GnRH. 
B)  The level of circulating androgens rises in males. 
C)  The menstrual cycle is initiated in females. 
D)  The gonads differentiate into testes or ovaries. 
E)  The hypothalamic GnRH-producing cells become more sensitive to negative feedback from sex steroids and gonadotropins.

Question 5

Which response occurs in response to the secretion of cortisol when you are frightened by a snake on your hiking trail?

Accepted Answer

A)  A switch from metabolism of glucose to metabolism of fats by the digestive system for cellular energy 
B)  Decreased blood pressure 
C)  Decreased metabolism of glucose in your brain 
D)  Increased immune response, including the quick release of histamine 
E)  Decreased use of energy for muscle contractions 
A)  A switch from metabolism of glucose to metabolism of fats by the digestive system for cellular energy 
B)  Decreased blood pressure 
C)  Decreased metabolism of glucose in your brain 
D)  Increased immune response, including the quick release of histamine 
E)  Decreased use of energy for muscle contractions

Question 6

Which hormone elevates blood calcium?

Accepted Answer

A)  Parathyroid hormone 
B)  Thyroxine 
C)  Calcitonin 
D)  Oxytocin 
E)  Vasopressin 
A)  Parathyroid hormone 
B)  Thyroxine 
C)  Calcitonin 
D)  Oxytocin 
E)  Vasopressin

Question 7

Refer to the figure featuring the anterior pituitary.   What hormones could the colored triangles at point 4 represent?

Accepted Answer

Adrenocorticotropin (ACTH), thyroid-stim

Question 8

Which statement about sex hormones is false?

Accepted Answer

A)  Follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH) stimulates production of sperm in males. 
B)  Luteinizing hormone (LH) and follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH) are gonadotropins produced by the anterior pituitary in individuals with an XX genotype but not an XY genotype. 
C)  Gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH) is produced by the hypothalamus. 
D)  Before puberty, production of gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH) occurs at very low levels. 
E)  Puberty begins when the cells of the hypothalamus responsible for producing gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH) become less sensitive to the negative feedback actions of gonadotropins and sex steroids. 
A)  Follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH) stimulates production of sperm in males. 
B)  Luteinizing hormone (LH) and follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH) are gonadotropins produced by the anterior pituitary in individuals with an XX genotype but not an XY genotype. 
C)  Gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH) is produced by the hypothalamus. 
D)  Before puberty, production of gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH) occurs at very low levels. 
E)  Puberty begins when the cells of the hypothalamus responsible for producing gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH) become less sensitive to the negative feedback actions of gonadotropins and sex steroids.

Question 9

Refer to the figure showing moth metamorphosis.   If ecdysone is experimentally blocked at arrow number _______, development will continue.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Refer to the figure showing moth metamorphosis....

Question 10

The steroid hormones are synthesized from _______.

Accepted Answer

The answer of The steroid hormones are synthesized from _______....

Question 11

The two hormones that control the transition of a moth from an instar larva to an adult are

Accepted Answer

A)  estrogen and testosterone. 
B)  juvenile hormone and testosterone. 
C)  testosterone and ecdysone. 
D)  ecdysone and estrogen. 
E)  juvenile hormone and ecdysone. 
A)  estrogen and testosterone. 
B)  juvenile hormone and testosterone. 
C)  testosterone and ecdysone. 
D)  ecdysone and estrogen. 
E)  juvenile hormone and ecdysone.

Question 12

Which substance is a hormone that acts primarily on cells close to the source of the hormone?

Accepted Answer

A)  Adrenaline 
B)  Estrogen 
C)  Histamine 
D)  Insulin 
E)  Thyroxine 
A)  Adrenaline 
B)  Estrogen 
C)  Histamine 
D)  Insulin 
E)  Thyroxine

Question 13

In insects, juvenile hormone

Accepted Answer

A)  is released by the prothoracic gland. 
B)  prevents molting to the adult stage. 
C)  is released by the corpora cardiaca. 
D)  is released sporadically during early development. 
E)  influences molting in insects with incomplete but not complete metamorphosis. 
A)  is released by the prothoracic gland. 
B)  prevents molting to the adult stage. 
C)  is released by the corpora cardiaca. 
D)  is released sporadically during early development. 
E)  influences molting in insects with incomplete but not complete metamorphosis.

Question 14

Which statement about thyroxine is true?

Accepted Answer

A)  T4 is made up of one tyrosine residue with four iodine atoms attached. 
B)  T4 is released in smaller quantities than T3. 
C)  T3 can be converted to T4 within target cells. 
D)  Cold exposure for several days prompts increased conversion of T4 to T3. 
E)  T4 is more active than T3. 
A)  T4 is made up of one tyrosine residue with four iodine atoms attached. 
B)  T4 is released in smaller quantities than T3. 
C)  T3 can be converted to T4 within target cells. 
D)  Cold exposure for several days prompts increased conversion of T4 to T3. 
E)  T4 is more active than T3.

Question 15

Refer to the figure showing negative feedback loops regulating hormone secretion.   Specify the steps of a single "long-loop" negative feedback system.Identify an appropriate external or internal condition stimulating the hypothalamus.

Accepted Answer

As one example, cold external conditions

Question 16

Local or circulating hormones are capable of acting on target cells only if target cells are equipped with response components called _______.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Local or circulating hormones are capable of...

Question 17

Pioneering experiments with Rhodnius showed that the target for a hormone produced in the Rhodnius brain is the

Accepted Answer

A)  prothoracic gland. 
B)  pupa. 
C)  larva. 
D)  corpora cardiaca. 
E)  corpora allata. 
A)  prothoracic gland. 
B)  pupa. 
C)  larva. 
D)  corpora cardiaca. 
E)  corpora allata.

Question 18

Refer to the figure showing the thyroid gland.   Based on the figure, what can you conclude about the synthesis of thyroxine?

Accepted Answer

A)  Epithelial cells of the thyroid gland synthesize thyroglobulin from tyrosine and iodine within the epithelial cells of the thyroid gland. 
B)  Iodine is added to tyrosine within the lysosome of the thyroid epithelial cell. 
C)  Thyroxine is secreted into the follicular lumen of the thyroid gland. 
D)  When thyroxine is secreted, it consists of three molecules of tyrosine and three to four molecules of iodine. 
E)  Epithelial cells of the thyroid gland use lysosomal enzymes to digest iodinated thyroglobulin into two different forms of thyroxine. 
A)  Epithelial cells of the thyroid gland synthesize thyroglobulin from tyrosine and iodine within the epithelial cells of the thyroid gland. 
B)  Iodine is added to tyrosine within the lysosome of the thyroid epithelial cell. 
C)  Thyroxine is secreted into the follicular lumen of the thyroid gland. 
D)  When thyroxine is secreted, it consists of three molecules of tyrosine and three to four molecules of iodine. 
E)  Epithelial cells of the thyroid gland use lysosomal enzymes to digest iodinated thyroglobulin into two different forms of thyroxine.

Question 19

Which statement about peptide and protein hormones is true?

Accepted Answer

A)  They make up a minority of hormones. 
B)  They need second messengers to alter cellular activity. 
C)  They are lipid-soluble. 
D)  Their receptors are found on all cells. 
E)  They can diffuse through the plasma membrane. 
A)  They make up a minority of hormones. 
B)  They need second messengers to alter cellular activity. 
C)  They are lipid-soluble. 
D)  Their receptors are found on all cells. 
E)  They can diffuse through the plasma membrane.

Question 20

Juvenile hormone can be used as an effective control of insect populations because its continued presence causes

Accepted Answer

A)  juvenile insects to die. 
B)  the insects to fail to molt. 
C)  insects to molt too quickly. 
D)  even tiny insects to pupate immediately. 
E)  the insects to fail to develop into reproducing adults. 
A)  juvenile insects to die. 
B)  the insects to fail to molt. 
C)  insects to molt too quickly. 
D)  even tiny insects to pupate immediately. 
E)  the insects to fail to develop into reproducing adults.

Exam 40: Animal Hormones

All of these hormones are secreted by the anterior pituitary and are hormones that control the activities of other endocrine glands except

What is the main conclusion drawn from pioneering experiments with the bloodsucking bug Rhodnius?

In cattle, a freemartin is an infertile female with masculinized behavior that shared a placental vascular connection with its male twin.The most likely explanation for how this could occur is that

Which of the following is the earliest event in puberty?

Which response occurs in response to the secretion of cortisol when you are frightened by a snake on your hiking trail?

Which hormone elevates blood calcium?

Refer to the figure featuring the anterior pituitary. What hormones could the colored triangles at point 4 represent?

Which statement about sex hormones is false?

Refer to the figure showing moth metamorphosis. If ecdysone is experimentally blocked at arrow number _______, development will continue.

The steroid hormones are synthesized from _______.

The two hormones that control the transition of a moth from an instar larva to an adult are

Which substance is a hormone that acts primarily on cells close to the source of the hormone?

In insects, juvenile hormone

Which statement about thyroxine is true?

Refer to the figure showing negative feedback loops regulating hormone secretion. Specify the steps of a single "long-loop" negative feedback system.Identify an appropriate external or internal condition stimulating the hypothalamus.

Local or circulating hormones are capable of acting on target cells only if target cells are equipped with response components called _______.

Pioneering experiments with Rhodnius showed that the target for a hormone produced in the Rhodnius brain is the

Refer to the figure showing the thyroid gland. Based on the figure, what can you conclude about the synthesis of thyroxine?

Which statement about peptide and protein hormones is true?

Juvenile hormone can be used as an effective control of insect populations because its continued presence causes

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