Question 1

Which of the following characterizes prothoracicotropic hormone (PTTH)?

Accepted Answer

A)  Is produced in the prothoracic gland 
B)  Is released in response to juvenile hormone 
C)  Is stored in corpora allata 
D)  Directly stimulates molting 
E)  Stimulates release of ecdysone by the prothoracic gland 
A)  Is produced in the prothoracic gland 
B)  Is released in response to juvenile hormone 
C)  Is stored in corpora allata 
D)  Directly stimulates molting 
E)  Stimulates release of ecdysone by the prothoracic gland

Question 2

Which statement about somatostatin is true?

Accepted Answer

A)  It increases the rate of release of insulin and glucagon. 
B)  It is released from beta cells of the pancreas. 
C)  It slows digestive activities. 
D)  It is released in response to a rapid decrease of glucose and amino acids in the blood. 
E)  It shortens periods of nutrient absorption. 
A)  It increases the rate of release of insulin and glucagon. 
B)  It is released from beta cells of the pancreas. 
C)  It slows digestive activities. 
D)  It is released in response to a rapid decrease of glucose and amino acids in the blood. 
E)  It shortens periods of nutrient absorption.

Question 3

Which statement about autocrines is true?

Accepted Answer

A)  They influence the same cell that secretes them. 
B)  They influence nearby cells. 
C)  They influence distant cells. 
D)  They enter the bloodstream. 
E)  They influence nerve cells. 
A)  They influence the same cell that secretes them. 
B)  They influence nearby cells. 
C)  They influence distant cells. 
D)  They enter the bloodstream. 
E)  They influence nerve cells.

Question 4

The neurohormones antidiuretic hormone (vasopressin) and oxytocin are produced by the

Accepted Answer

A)  anterior pituitary and released by the posterior pituitary. 
B)  hypothalamus and released by the posterior pituitary. 
C)  pituitary and act as signals to the hypothalamus. 
D)  hypothalamus and signal the brain. 
E)  pituitary and act as signals to the reproductive organs. 
A)  anterior pituitary and released by the posterior pituitary. 
B)  hypothalamus and released by the posterior pituitary. 
C)  pituitary and act as signals to the hypothalamus. 
D)  hypothalamus and signal the brain. 
E)  pituitary and act as signals to the reproductive organs.

Question 5

Which statement about hormone receptors is true?

Accepted Answer

A)  A hormone causes the same response in each cell it binds to. 
B)  A hormone binds to every cell it comes in contact with. 
C)  The receptor for a hormone may be on the secreting cell itself. 
D)  The receptor for a hormone is in the cytoplasm, not the plasma membrane, of a cell. 
E)  Hormones must act directly on the DNA of a cell rather than using a second messenger. 
A)  A hormone causes the same response in each cell it binds to. 
B)  A hormone binds to every cell it comes in contact with. 
C)  The receptor for a hormone may be on the secreting cell itself. 
D)  The receptor for a hormone is in the cytoplasm, not the plasma membrane, of a cell. 
E)  Hormones must act directly on the DNA of a cell rather than using a second messenger.

Question 6

Refer to the figure showing chemical signaling systems.   If the substance labeled 1 is insulin, then

Accepted Answer

A)  it is an amine hormone, and 2 may be a hypothalamus cell. 
B)  it is a protein hormone, and 3 may be a fat cell. 
C)  it is a steroid, and 3 may be a muscle cell. 
D)  the cells labeled 2 and 3 are both target cells. 
E)  it is acting as a paracrine on the cell labeled 3. 
A)  it is an amine hormone, and 2 may be a hypothalamus cell. 
B)  it is a protein hormone, and 3 may be a fat cell. 
C)  it is a steroid, and 3 may be a muscle cell. 
D)  the cells labeled 2 and 3 are both target cells. 
E)  it is acting as a paracrine on the cell labeled 3.

Question 7

Refer to the figure featuring the anterior pituitary.   Identify the structures labeled 1, 2, 3, 5, 6, and 7.

Accepted Answer

1: Hypothalamic neurons; 2: Af

Question 8

Portal blood vessels connect the _______ to the _______.

Accepted Answer

A)  hypothalamus; brain 
B)  hypothalamus; posterior pituitary 
C)  hypothalamus; anterior pituitary 
D)  anterior pituitary; posterior pituitary 
E)  pancreas; liver 
A)  hypothalamus; brain 
B)  hypothalamus; posterior pituitary 
C)  hypothalamus; anterior pituitary 
D)  anterior pituitary; posterior pituitary 
E)  pancreas; liver

Question 9

The three classes of steroid hormones produced by the adrenal cortex are glucocorticoids, _______, and sex steroids (or gonadocorticoids).

Accepted Answer

The answer of The three classes of steroid hormones produced...

Question 10

A patient presents with fragile bones, calcium stones in her kidneys, and excessive phosphate in her urine.From this information, what would you predict is a possible diagnosis?

Accepted Answer

A)  Type II diabetes 
B)  Hypothyroid goiter 
C)  Tumor of the parathyroid gland 
D)  Hyperthyroidism 
E)  Pancreatic cancer of the delta cells 
A)  Type II diabetes 
B)  Hypothyroid goiter 
C)  Tumor of the parathyroid gland 
D)  Hyperthyroidism 
E)  Pancreatic cancer of the delta cells

Question 11

The pituitary gland

Accepted Answer

A)  is an interface between the endocrine and the nervous systems. 
B)  regulates blood calcium levels. 
C)  regulates biological rhythms. 
D)  regulates blood sugar levels. 
E)  releases thymosin. 
A)  is an interface between the endocrine and the nervous systems. 
B)  regulates blood calcium levels. 
C)  regulates biological rhythms. 
D)  regulates blood sugar levels. 
E)  releases thymosin.

Question 12

Removing the corpora cardiaca from a third-instar larva of the silkworm moth will _______ the next molt.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Removing the corpora cardiaca from a third-instar...

Question 13

You are a physician, and a patient presents himself with a series of complaints, which you suspect might indicate type I diabetes.What symptoms did the patient most likely present, and what test would you order to help confirm your diagnosis?

Accepted Answer

A)  Patient complained of thirst, lethargy, and frequent urination, so you test for glucose in the urine. 
B)  Patient complained of lethargy, frequent urination, and muscle cramps, so you test calcium levels in the urine. 
C)  Patient complained of weight gain, lethargy, and swelling in the neck, so you test TSH levels in the blood. 
D)  Patient complained of thirst, weight gain, and frequent urination, so you test ACTH levels in the blood. 
E)  Patient complained of inability to urinate, high blood pressure, and weight gain, so you test insulin levels in the blood. 
A)  Patient complained of thirst, lethargy, and frequent urination, so you test for glucose in the urine. 
B)  Patient complained of lethargy, frequent urination, and muscle cramps, so you test calcium levels in the urine. 
C)  Patient complained of weight gain, lethargy, and swelling in the neck, so you test TSH levels in the blood. 
D)  Patient complained of thirst, weight gain, and frequent urination, so you test ACTH levels in the blood. 
E)  Patient complained of inability to urinate, high blood pressure, and weight gain, so you test insulin levels in the blood.

Question 14

The posterior pituitary gland

Accepted Answer

A)  secretes hormones produced by neurons whose cell bodies are located in the brain. 
B)  is under the control of releasing hormones produced by the hypothalamus. 
C)  secretes hormones into portal blood vessels between the brain and the gland. 
D)  secretes hormones that directly control the anterior pituitary gland. 
E)  produces hormones that are released directly into the brain. 
A)  secretes hormones produced by neurons whose cell bodies are located in the brain. 
B)  is under the control of releasing hormones produced by the hypothalamus. 
C)  secretes hormones into portal blood vessels between the brain and the gland. 
D)  secretes hormones that directly control the anterior pituitary gland. 
E)  produces hormones that are released directly into the brain.

Question 15

An infomercial advertising an amazing new weight-loss product claims that the powder "increases your metabolism." Which of the following would provide the strongest support for this hypothesis?

Accepted Answer

A)  Evidence that T4 levels remain constant within groups using the product but vary in the control groups 
B)  Evidence that thyroxine levels rise in people using the product 
C)  Evidence that the product increases the density of steroid receptors in the brain 
D)  Claims made by a professional athlete that the product led to weight loss 
E)  Evidence that activity in the posterior pituitary increases in people using the product 
A)  Evidence that T4 levels remain constant within groups using the product but vary in the control groups 
B)  Evidence that thyroxine levels rise in people using the product 
C)  Evidence that the product increases the density of steroid receptors in the brain 
D)  Claims made by a professional athlete that the product led to weight loss 
E)  Evidence that activity in the posterior pituitary increases in people using the product

Question 16

Which statement about the thyroid gland is true?

Accepted Answer

A)  A goiter can only form under conditions of excess production of thyroxine. 
B)  In hyperthyroidism, an antibody binds to receptors for thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH), causing uncontrolled release of thyroxine. 
C)  A goiter can only result from thyroxine deficiency. 
D)  A low metabolic rate is a symptom of hyperthyroidism. 
E)  In hyperthyroidism, blood levels of triiodothyronine are low. 
A)  A goiter can only form under conditions of excess production of thyroxine. 
B)  In hyperthyroidism, an antibody binds to receptors for thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH), causing uncontrolled release of thyroxine. 
C)  A goiter can only result from thyroxine deficiency. 
D)  A low metabolic rate is a symptom of hyperthyroidism. 
E)  In hyperthyroidism, blood levels of triiodothyronine are low.

Question 17

Which hormone is released in response to rapid rises of glucose and amino acids in the blood?

Accepted Answer

A)  Insulin 
B)  Glucagon 
C)  Norepinephrine 
D)  Somatostatin 
E)  Cortisol 
A)  Insulin 
B)  Glucagon 
C)  Norepinephrine 
D)  Somatostatin 
E)  Cortisol

Question 18

Which statement about insulin is true?

Accepted Answer

A)  It is released when blood glucose levels are low. 
B)  It prompts target cells to use fat and protein as fuel. 
C)  Its actions are synergistic with those of glucagon. 
D)  It prompts target cells to store glucose as glycogen and fat. 
E)  It enters cells only by diffusion. 
A)  It is released when blood glucose levels are low. 
B)  It prompts target cells to use fat and protein as fuel. 
C)  Its actions are synergistic with those of glucagon. 
D)  It prompts target cells to store glucose as glycogen and fat. 
E)  It enters cells only by diffusion.

Question 19

Cortisol

Accepted Answer

A)  is a mineralocorticoid produced by the adrenal cortex. 
B)  rises in response to stress. 
C)  enhances immune system reactions. 
D)  produces effects more rapidly than does epinephrine. 
E)  improves health when secreted at high levels over long periods. 
A)  is a mineralocorticoid produced by the adrenal cortex. 
B)  rises in response to stress. 
C)  enhances immune system reactions. 
D)  produces effects more rapidly than does epinephrine. 
E)  improves health when secreted at high levels over long periods.

Question 20

Insect prothoracicotropic hormone (PTTH)

Accepted Answer

A)  directly stimulates molting if food reserves are adequate. 
B)  inhibits molting until the insect is a certain size. 
C)  inhibits insect growth. 
D)  stimulates the corpora cardiaca to release molting hormone. 
E)  stimulates the prothoracic gland to release the hormone that stimulates molting. 
A)  directly stimulates molting if food reserves are adequate. 
B)  inhibits molting until the insect is a certain size. 
C)  inhibits insect growth. 
D)  stimulates the corpora cardiaca to release molting hormone. 
E)  stimulates the prothoracic gland to release the hormone that stimulates molting.

Exam 40: Animal Hormones

Which of the following characterizes prothoracicotropic hormone (PTTH)?

Which statement about somatostatin is true?

Which statement about autocrines is true?

The neurohormones antidiuretic hormone (vasopressin) and oxytocin are produced by the

Which statement about hormone receptors is true?

Refer to the figure showing chemical signaling systems. If the substance labeled 1 is insulin, then

Refer to the figure featuring the anterior pituitary. Identify the structures labeled 1, 2, 3, 5, 6, and 7.

Portal blood vessels connect the _______ to the _______.

The three classes of steroid hormones produced by the adrenal cortex are glucocorticoids, _______, and sex steroids (or gonadocorticoids).

A patient presents with fragile bones, calcium stones in her kidneys, and excessive phosphate in her urine.From this information, what would you predict is a possible diagnosis?

The pituitary gland

Removing the corpora cardiaca from a third-instar larva of the silkworm moth will _______ the next molt.

You are a physician, and a patient presents himself with a series of complaints, which you suspect might indicate type I diabetes.What symptoms did the patient most likely present, and what test would you order to help confirm your diagnosis?

The posterior pituitary gland

An infomercial advertising an amazing new weight-loss product claims that the powder "increases your metabolism." Which of the following would provide the strongest support for this hypothesis?

Which statement about the thyroid gland is true?

Which hormone is released in response to rapid rises of glucose and amino acids in the blood?

Which statement about insulin is true?

Cortisol

Insect prothoracicotropic hormone (PTTH)

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