Question 1

The metabolic rates of endotherms

Accepted Answer

A)  increase within the thermoneutral zone. 
B)  increase when environmental temperatures exceed those of the thermoneutral zone. 
C)  decrease when environmental temperatures fall below those of the thermoneutral zone. 
D)  remain unchanged when environmental temperatures drop below those of the thermoneutral zone. 
E)  remain unchanged when environmental temperatures rise above those of the thermoneutral zone. 
A)  increase within the thermoneutral zone. 
B)  increase when environmental temperatures exceed those of the thermoneutral zone. 
C)  decrease when environmental temperatures fall below those of the thermoneutral zone. 
D)  remain unchanged when environmental temperatures drop below those of the thermoneutral zone. 
E)  remain unchanged when environmental temperatures rise above those of the thermoneutral zone.

Question 2

Refer to the figure showing two animals.   Which statement about the animals shown is most likely correct?

Accepted Answer

A)  They are in the same genus but live in different geographic regions. 
B)  They are unrelated species. 
C)  Animal A conserves more heat than animal B. 
D)  Animal B is rounder in shape to improve locomotion. 
E)  They are the same species at different times of the year. 
A)  They are in the same genus but live in different geographic regions. 
B)  They are unrelated species. 
C)  Animal A conserves more heat than animal B. 
D)  Animal B is rounder in shape to improve locomotion. 
E)  They are the same species at different times of the year.

Question 3

Refer to the graphs showing the results of an experiment in which researchers heated and cooled the hypothalamus of a mammal and determined its metabolic rates at different environmental (ambient) temperatures.   In this experiment, the hypothalamic temperature provides

Accepted Answer

A)  an error signal. 
B)  a set point. 
C)  an effector. 
D)  negative feedback. 
E)  homeostasis. 
A)  an error signal. 
B)  a set point. 
C)  an effector. 
D)  negative feedback. 
E)  homeostasis.

Question 4

Which would have the highest basal metabolic rate (BMR) per gram of tissue?

Accepted Answer

A)  Bison (buffalo) 
B)  Skunk 
C)  Wolf 
D)  Chipmunk 
E)  Rabbit 
A)  Bison (buffalo) 
B)  Skunk 
C)  Wolf 
D)  Chipmunk 
E)  Rabbit

Question 5

Which statement about thermoregulatory set points is true?

Accepted Answer

A)  The set point for shivering is the same as the set point for panting. 
B)  In a given individual, the set points for all thermoregulatory processes are the same. 
C)  The set points for thermoregulatory processes are the same for all members of the same species. 
D)  Changes in skin temperature can change the metabolic set point. 
E)  The temperature of the hypothalamus serves as a positive feedback signal. 
A)  The set point for shivering is the same as the set point for panting. 
B)  In a given individual, the set points for all thermoregulatory processes are the same. 
C)  The set points for thermoregulatory processes are the same for all members of the same species. 
D)  Changes in skin temperature can change the metabolic set point. 
E)  The temperature of the hypothalamus serves as a positive feedback signal.

Question 6

Which is the correct order, from smallest to largest?

Accepted Answer

A)  Cell, tissue, organ, organ system 
B)  Organ system, organ, tissue, cell 
C)  Cell, organ, organ system, tissue 
D)  Organ, organ system, cell, tissue 
E)  Organ system, tissue, cell, organ 
A)  Cell, tissue, organ, organ system 
B)  Organ system, organ, tissue, cell 
C)  Cell, organ, organ system, tissue 
D)  Organ, organ system, cell, tissue 
E)  Organ system, tissue, cell, organ

Question 7

Which statement about heat exchange is true?

Accepted Answer

A)  Conduction is the indirect transfer of heat between two objects that are at the same temperature. 
B)  Evaporation of sweat from the surface of the body warms the body. 
C)  Ectotherms, but not endotherms, can change the rate of heat exchange between their bodies and the external environment by changing blood flow to the skin. 
D)  Animals may lose heat by convection when they are exposed to wind with a temperature below that of their body surface. 
E)  Warm blood passing close to cooler blood picks up energy from the cooler blood. 
A)  Conduction is the indirect transfer of heat between two objects that are at the same temperature. 
B)  Evaporation of sweat from the surface of the body warms the body. 
C)  Ectotherms, but not endotherms, can change the rate of heat exchange between their bodies and the external environment by changing blood flow to the skin. 
D)  Animals may lose heat by convection when they are exposed to wind with a temperature below that of their body surface. 
E)  Warm blood passing close to cooler blood picks up energy from the cooler blood.

Question 8

A chemical reaction has a Q10 of 2.5.At 30°C, the rate of the chemical reaction is 5.What is its rate at 40°C?

Accepted Answer

A)  0.5 
B)  2.0 
C)  2.5 
D)  12.5 
E)  25.0 
A)  0.5 
B)  2.0 
C)  2.5 
D)  12.5 
E)  25.0

Question 9

Which activity would cause a decrease in the hypothalamic temperature set point for metabolic heat production?

Accepted Answer

A)  Entering a cold environment 
B)  Taking an aspirin when you have a fever 
C)  Arousing from hibernation 
D)  Getting an infection that causes a fever 
E)  Cooling the hypothalamus 
A)  Entering a cold environment 
B)  Taking an aspirin when you have a fever 
C)  Arousing from hibernation 
D)  Getting an infection that causes a fever 
E)  Cooling the hypothalamus

Question 10

Canada geese have a countercurrent heat exchanger in their feet.It is reasonable to assume that heat is transferred

Accepted Answer

A)  from the outgoing blood to the returning blood, keeping heat in the core of the body. 
B)  from the outgoing blood to the returning blood, warming the feet. 
C)  between arteries taking blood out to the feet. 
D)  from the returning blood to the outgoing blood, warming the feet. 
E)  between veins taking blood from the feet into the core of the body. 
A)  from the outgoing blood to the returning blood, keeping heat in the core of the body. 
B)  from the outgoing blood to the returning blood, warming the feet. 
C)  between arteries taking blood out to the feet. 
D)  from the returning blood to the outgoing blood, warming the feet. 
E)  between veins taking blood from the feet into the core of the body.

Question 11

Which statement about endotherms is true?

Accepted Answer

A)  They are unable to raise their body temperature through metabolic heat production. 
B)  They can lower their body temperature by raising their basal metabolic rate. 
C)  They respond to cold by lowering their metabolic rate. 
D)  Some can acclimatize to seasonal temperature changes. 
E)  Their metabolic rate decreases above the thermoneutral zone. 
A)  They are unable to raise their body temperature through metabolic heat production. 
B)  They can lower their body temperature by raising their basal metabolic rate. 
C)  They respond to cold by lowering their metabolic rate. 
D)  Some can acclimatize to seasonal temperature changes. 
E)  Their metabolic rate decreases above the thermoneutral zone.

Question 12

Which statement is correct?

Accepted Answer

A)  Defecation is an example of negative feedback. 
B)  An error signal is the difference between a set point and feedback. 
C)  The birth process is an example of negative feedback. 
D)  Sweating is a regulatory process that does not require expending metabolic energy. 
E)  Homeostasis is maintained primarily through positive feedback mechanisms. 
A)  Defecation is an example of negative feedback. 
B)  An error signal is the difference between a set point and feedback. 
C)  The birth process is an example of negative feedback. 
D)  Sweating is a regulatory process that does not require expending metabolic energy. 
E)  Homeostasis is maintained primarily through positive feedback mechanisms.

Question 13

The countercurrent heat exchanger of some large, rapidly swimming "hot" fish

Accepted Answer

A)  allows heat to be maintained in the muscles. 
B)  produces heat. 
C)  heats the blood as it is being pumped out of the heart. 
D)  lowers the internal body temperature to that of the surrounding water. 
E)  cools the skin. 
A)  allows heat to be maintained in the muscles. 
B)  produces heat. 
C)  heats the blood as it is being pumped out of the heart. 
D)  lowers the internal body temperature to that of the surrounding water. 
E)  cools the skin.

Question 14

Because they _______, lizards and snakes will position themselves in the sun to warm their bodies.

Accepted Answer

A)  are ectotherms 
B)  need to maintain a constant body temperature 
C)  have high metabolic rates 
D)  are heterotherms 
E)  are endotherms 
A)  are ectotherms 
B)  need to maintain a constant body temperature 
C)  have high metabolic rates 
D)  are heterotherms 
E)  are endotherms

Question 15

You measure metabolic rates of several four-toed salamanders at 20°C and at 30°C and calculate a Q10 equal to 2 for the species.Based on this information, which statement is true?

Accepted Answer

A)  Metabolic rate is not temperature sensitive in this species. 
B)  30°C must be above the thermoneutral zone for this species. 
C)  This salamander shows acclimatization over this temperature range. 
D)  Metabolic rate at 20°C is twice that at 30°C for this species. 
E)  Metabolic rate at 20°C is half that at 30°C for this species. 
A)  Metabolic rate is not temperature sensitive in this species. 
B)  30°C must be above the thermoneutral zone for this species. 
C)  This salamander shows acclimatization over this temperature range. 
D)  Metabolic rate at 20°C is twice that at 30°C for this species. 
E)  Metabolic rate at 20°C is half that at 30°C for this species.

Question 16

One function of adipose tissue is to

Accepted Answer

A)  provide thermal insulation and heat. 
B)  detect odors. 
C)  transmit electrical signals to the central nervous system. 
D)  provide support against gravity. 
E)  transport oxygen. 
A)  provide thermal insulation and heat. 
B)  detect odors. 
C)  transmit electrical signals to the central nervous system. 
D)  provide support against gravity. 
E)  transport oxygen.

Question 17

If a tissue secretes digestive juices, it is most likely

Accepted Answer

A)  made up of collagen. 
B)  part of the nervous system. 
C)  a type of connective tissue. 
D)  made up of glial cells. 
E)  an epithelium. 
A)  made up of collagen. 
B)  part of the nervous system. 
C)  a type of connective tissue. 
D)  made up of glial cells. 
E)  an epithelium.

Question 18

Organisms that sometimes regulate their own internal temperature but sometimes allow their temperature to be determined by the environment are called

Accepted Answer

A)  ectotherms. 
B)  endotherms. 
C)  varitherms. 
D)  pyrotherms. 
E)  heterotherms. 
A)  ectotherms. 
B)  endotherms. 
C)  varitherms. 
D)  pyrotherms. 
E)  heterotherms.

Question 19

Some bats maintain their internal temperatures metabolically during spring and summer but hibernate in large groups during the winter.They therefore can be considered

Accepted Answer

A)  endotherms. 
B)  ectotherms. 
C)  heterotherms. 
D)  pyrotherms. 
E)  varitherms. 
A)  endotherms. 
B)  ectotherms. 
C)  heterotherms. 
D)  pyrotherms. 
E)  varitherms.

Question 20

Which feature is an important characteristic of connective tissues?

Accepted Answer

A)  They generate electric signals. 
B)  They contract. 
C)  They provide both structure and support. 
D)  They create boundaries between the inside and outside of the body. 
E)  They cover the surface of the body and line the body cavities. 
A)  They generate electric signals. 
B)  They contract. 
C)  They provide both structure and support. 
D)  They create boundaries between the inside and outside of the body. 
E)  They cover the surface of the body and line the body cavities.

Exam 39: Physiology, Homeostasis, and Temperature Regulation

The metabolic rates of endotherms

Refer to the figure showing two animals. Which statement about the animals shown is most likely correct?

Refer to the graphs showing the results of an experiment in which researchers heated and cooled the hypothalamus of a mammal and determined its metabolic rates at different environmental (ambient) temperatures. In this experiment, the hypothalamic temperature provides

Which would have the highest basal metabolic rate (BMR) per gram of tissue?

Which statement about thermoregulatory set points is true?

Which is the correct order, from smallest to largest?

Which statement about heat exchange is true?

A chemical reaction has a Q10 of 2.5.At 30°C, the rate of the chemical reaction is 5.What is its rate at 40°C?

Which activity would cause a decrease in the hypothalamic temperature set point for metabolic heat production?

Canada geese have a countercurrent heat exchanger in their feet.It is reasonable to assume that heat is transferred

Which statement about endotherms is true?

Which statement is correct?

The countercurrent heat exchanger of some large, rapidly swimming "hot" fish

Because they _______, lizards and snakes will position themselves in the sun to warm their bodies.

You measure metabolic rates of several four-toed salamanders at 20°C and at 30°C and calculate a Q10 equal to 2 for the species.Based on this information, which statement is true?

One function of adipose tissue is to

If a tissue secretes digestive juices, it is most likely

Organisms that sometimes regulate their own internal temperature but sometimes allow their temperature to be determined by the environment are called

Some bats maintain their internal temperatures metabolically during spring and summer but hibernate in large groups during the winter.They therefore can be considered

Which feature is an important characteristic of connective tissues?

Studying Life

Small Molecules and the Chemistry of Life

Proteins, Carbohydrates, and Lipids

Nucleic Acids and the Origin of Life

Cells: the Working Units of Life

Cell Membranes

Cell Communication and Multicellularity

Energy, Enzymes, and Metabolism

Pathways That Harvest Chemical Energy

Photosynthesis: Energy From Sunlight

The Cell Cycle and Cell Division

Inheritance, Genes, and Chromosomes

Dna and Its Role in Heredity

From Dna to Protein: Gene Expression

Gene Mutation and Molecular Medicine

Regulation of Gene Expression

Genomes

Recombinant Dna and Biotechnology

Mechanisms of Evolution

Reconstructing and Using Phylogenies

Speciation

Evolution of Genes and Genomes

The History of Life on Earth

Bacteria, Archaea, and Viruses

The Origin and Diversification of Eukaryotes

Plants Without Seeds: From Water to Land

The Evolution of Seed Plants

The Evolution and Diversity of Fungi

Animal Origins and the Evolution of Body Plans

Protostome Animals

Deuterostome Animals

The Plant Body

Transport in Plants

Plant Nutrition

Regulation of Plant Growth

Reproduction in Flowering Plants

Plant Responses to Environmental Challenges

Animal Hormones

Immunology: Animal Defense Systems

Animal Reproduction

Animal Development

Neurons, Glia, and Nervous Systems

Sensory Systems

The Mammalian Nervous System: Structure and Higher Functions

Musculoskeletal Systems

Gas Exchange

Circulatory Systems

Nutrition, Digestion, and Absorption

Salt and Water Balance and Nitrogen Excretion

Animal Behavior

The Physical Environment and Biogeography of Life

Populations

Species Interactions

Communities

Ecosystems

A Changing Biosphere

Filters

A chemical reaction has a Q₁₀of 2.5.At 30°C, the rate of the chemical reaction is 5.What is its rate at 40°C?

You measure metabolic rates of several four-toed salamanders at 20°C and at 30°C and calculate a Q₁₀ equal to 2 for the species.Based on this information, which statement is true?