Question 1

How does seasonal acclimatization affect an animal's long-term versus short-term sensitivity to environmental temperature changes?

Accepted Answer

Animals undergo acclimatization in respo

Question 2

The strength of the connections between bones is most likely due to the protein

Accepted Answer

A)  actin. 
B)  myosin. 
C)  elastin. 
D)  collagen. 
E)  reflexin. 
A)  actin. 
B)  myosin. 
C)  elastin. 
D)  collagen. 
E)  reflexin.

Question 3

Refer to the graph.   Arrange these animals on the graph by writing the name of each animal next to an appropriate dot on the graph: cat, elephant, human, mouse, shrew.What conclusion can you draw from this graph?

Accepted Answer

See the answer figure. Among e

Question 4

In order to survive, multicellular animals such as earthworms had to evolve methods ensuring that internal cells not in contact with the external environment were in contact with _______.

Accepted Answer

The answer of In order to survive, multicellular animals such...

Question 5

Your body is 60 percent water, two-thirds of which is intracellular fluid.If you weigh 150 pounds, about how much of your weight is due to water contained within your cells?

Accepted Answer

A)  24 pounds 
B)  30 pounds 
C)  60 pounds 
D)  90 pounds 
E)  11 liters 
A)  24 pounds 
B)  30 pounds 
C)  60 pounds 
D)  90 pounds 
E)  11 liters

Question 6

You feel cooler when standing directly in front of a fan, because heat is transferred away from your body by

Accepted Answer

A)  absorption. 
B)  convection. 
C)  radiation. 
D)  conduction. 
E)  reflection. 
A)  absorption. 
B)  convection. 
C)  radiation. 
D)  conduction. 
E)  reflection.

Question 7

Heat is transferred from an animal's core to its surface primarily by

Accepted Answer

A)  muscle contraction. 
B)  blood flow. 
C)  nervous stimulation. 
D)  conduction via interstitial fluid. 
E)  convection via interstitial fluid. 
A)  muscle contraction. 
B)  blood flow. 
C)  nervous stimulation. 
D)  conduction via interstitial fluid. 
E)  convection via interstitial fluid.

Question 8

Which statement is true?

Accepted Answer

A)  At low temperatures an ectotherm would seek shade. 
B)  At high temperatures an endotherm would orient to the sun. 
C)  For endotherms, sweating to dissipate heat does not require an expenditure of metabolic energy. 
D)  With every transfer of energy in a biological system, some energy is gained as heat. 
E)  Energy is transferred from food molecules to ATP in ectotherms and endotherms. 
A)  At low temperatures an ectotherm would seek shade. 
B)  At high temperatures an endotherm would orient to the sun. 
C)  For endotherms, sweating to dissipate heat does not require an expenditure of metabolic energy. 
D)  With every transfer of energy in a biological system, some energy is gained as heat. 
E)  Energy is transferred from food molecules to ATP in ectotherms and endotherms.

Question 9

You are a graduate student on an expedition studying animals in an area of a national park that is about to be opened to the public for recreation and limited logging.Part of this study is to survey and describe the mammalian life in the area.You find a small rodent that has a short tail, copious brown fat deposits, and oil in its fur.From these anatomical features, what can you infer about this animal?

Accepted Answer

A)  It is an ectotherm that depends upon environmental heat sources. 
B)  It is likely an ectotherm that spends some time in the water. 
C)  It lives in a very dry climate and has adaptations to conserve water. 
D)  It lives in a very warm climate and is adapted to release heat efficiently. 
E)  It likely hibernates and spends some time in the water. 
A)  It is an ectotherm that depends upon environmental heat sources. 
B)  It is likely an ectotherm that spends some time in the water. 
C)  It lives in a very dry climate and has adaptations to conserve water. 
D)  It lives in a very warm climate and is adapted to release heat efficiently. 
E)  It likely hibernates and spends some time in the water.

Question 10

Which occurs when the mammalian hypothalamus is directly cooled during an experiment?

Accepted Answer

A)  Metabolic rate decreases. 
B)  Body temperature decreases. 
C)  Metabolic rate increases. 
D)  Blood vessels supplying the skin dilate. 
E)  Panting begins. 
A)  Metabolic rate decreases. 
B)  Body temperature decreases. 
C)  Metabolic rate increases. 
D)  Blood vessels supplying the skin dilate. 
E)  Panting begins.

Question 11

When compared with ectotherms, endotherms

Accepted Answer

A)  have cells that are more efficient at using energy. 
B)  have cells that are less leaky to ions. 
C)  expend less energy to maintain concentration gradients of K+ and Na+. 
D)  have cells that have higher metabolic rates. 
E)  must actively transport more K+ out of their cells when at rest. 
A)  have cells that are more efficient at using energy. 
B)  have cells that are less leaky to ions. 
C)  expend less energy to maintain concentration gradients of K+ and Na+. 
D)  have cells that have higher metabolic rates. 
E)  must actively transport more K+ out of their cells when at rest.

Question 12

The upper temperature limit at which cells can function is determined by the _______ point of _______.

Accepted Answer

A)  boiling; water 
B)  melting; water 
C)  melting; fats 
D)  denaturation; nucleic acids 
E)  denaturation; proteins 
A)  boiling; water 
B)  melting; water 
C)  melting; fats 
D)  denaturation; nucleic acids 
E)  denaturation; proteins

Question 13

Refer to the graph showing the body temperatures of different types of organisms in the same environmental temperatures.   The reaction of a lizard to different environmental temperatures is represented by the curve labeled _______.When the lizard is at the environmental temperature marked by an asterisk (*) on the x axis, the lizard might _______.

Accepted Answer

A)  A; seek shade 
B)  B; seek shade 
C)  A; lie on rocks in full sun 
D)  B; raise its heart rate rapidly 
E)  A; increase blood flow to the skin 
A)  A; seek shade 
B)  B; seek shade 
C)  A; lie on rocks in full sun 
D)  B; raise its heart rate rapidly 
E)  A; increase blood flow to the skin

Question 14

Which statement about brown fat is true?

Accepted Answer

A)  It contains few mitochondria. 
B)  It provides the most energy for shivering. 
C)  It allows metabolic fuels to be consumed to produce heat. 
D)  It uses thermogenin to produce ATP. 
E)  It is found primarily in adult humans. 
A)  It contains few mitochondria. 
B)  It provides the most energy for shivering. 
C)  It allows metabolic fuels to be consumed to produce heat. 
D)  It uses thermogenin to produce ATP. 
E)  It is found primarily in adult humans.

Question 15

In human babies, nonshivering heat production occurs in the adipose tissue called _______.

Accepted Answer

The answer of In human babies, nonshivering heat production occurs...

Question 16

The hypothalamus serves in part as an integrated thermoregulatory center defining an organism's response to changes in its thermal environment.Because the hypothalamus normally serves to produce metabolic responses that reverse the direction of environmental temperature change, the control it exerts is termed

Accepted Answer

A)  positive feedback. 
B)  metabolic compensation. 
C)  feedforward control. 
D)  negative feedback. 
E)  hypothermia. 
A)  positive feedback. 
B)  metabolic compensation. 
C)  feedforward control. 
D)  negative feedback. 
E)  hypothermia.

Question 17

Endotherms invest energy to maintain their body temperatures across the range of environmental temperatures they encounter, except in the range of environmental temperatures

Accepted Answer

A)  that allow them to sweat. 
B)  within their thermoneutral zone. 
C)  above 45°C. 
D)  they encounter at night. 
E)  below 0°C. 
A)  that allow them to sweat. 
B)  within their thermoneutral zone. 
C)  above 45°C. 
D)  they encounter at night. 
E)  below 0°C.

Question 18

When a condition of below-normal body temperature is regulated, lasts for days or weeks, and is characterized by very low body temperatures, it is called _______.

Accepted Answer

The answer of When a condition of below-normal body temperature...

Question 19

While working in a laboratory, you are shown a slide containing animal tissue composed of long cells with a regular array of cross striations.The nuclei of the cells are pressed up against the sides of the cells.You are told this is an abundant tissue type in the body.What is the major function of this tissue?

Accepted Answer

A)  Thermoregulation 
B)  Conducting nerve impulses 
C)  Generating forces and causing movement 
D)  Giving strength to the skin 
E)  Carrying oxygen throughout the body 
A)  Thermoregulation 
B)  Conducting nerve impulses 
C)  Generating forces and causing movement 
D)  Giving strength to the skin 
E)  Carrying oxygen throughout the body

Question 20

Which feature is an important adaptation of animals to cold climates?

Accepted Answer

A)  Shivering at higher ambient temperatures 
B)  Thinner layers of body fat 
C)  Reduced density of fur or feathers 
D)  Reduced surface area-to-volume ratio 
E)  Increased flow of blood to the skin 
A)  Shivering at higher ambient temperatures 
B)  Thinner layers of body fat 
C)  Reduced density of fur or feathers 
D)  Reduced surface area-to-volume ratio 
E)  Increased flow of blood to the skin

Exam 39: Physiology, Homeostasis, and Temperature Regulation

How does seasonal acclimatization affect an animal's long-term versus short-term sensitivity to environmental temperature changes?

The strength of the connections between bones is most likely due to the protein

Refer to the graph. Arrange these animals on the graph by writing the name of each animal next to an appropriate dot on the graph: cat, elephant, human, mouse, shrew.What conclusion can you draw from this graph?

In order to survive, multicellular animals such as earthworms had to evolve methods ensuring that internal cells not in contact with the external environment were in contact with _______.

Your body is 60 percent water, two-thirds of which is intracellular fluid.If you weigh 150 pounds, about how much of your weight is due to water contained within your cells?

You feel cooler when standing directly in front of a fan, because heat is transferred away from your body by

Heat is transferred from an animal's core to its surface primarily by

Which statement is true?

Which occurs when the mammalian hypothalamus is directly cooled during an experiment?

When compared with ectotherms, endotherms

The upper temperature limit at which cells can function is determined by the _______ point of _______.

Which statement about brown fat is true?

In human babies, nonshivering heat production occurs in the adipose tissue called _______.

Endotherms invest energy to maintain their body temperatures across the range of environmental temperatures they encounter, except in the range of environmental temperatures

When a condition of below-normal body temperature is regulated, lasts for days or weeks, and is characterized by very low body temperatures, it is called _______.

Which feature is an important adaptation of animals to cold climates?

Studying Life

Small Molecules and the Chemistry of Life

Proteins, Carbohydrates, and Lipids

Nucleic Acids and the Origin of Life

Cells: the Working Units of Life

Cell Membranes

Cell Communication and Multicellularity

Energy, Enzymes, and Metabolism

Pathways That Harvest Chemical Energy

Photosynthesis: Energy From Sunlight

The Cell Cycle and Cell Division

Inheritance, Genes, and Chromosomes

Dna and Its Role in Heredity

From Dna to Protein: Gene Expression

Gene Mutation and Molecular Medicine

Regulation of Gene Expression

Genomes

Recombinant Dna and Biotechnology

Mechanisms of Evolution

Reconstructing and Using Phylogenies

Speciation

Evolution of Genes and Genomes

The History of Life on Earth

Bacteria, Archaea, and Viruses

The Origin and Diversification of Eukaryotes

Plants Without Seeds: From Water to Land

The Evolution of Seed Plants

The Evolution and Diversity of Fungi

Animal Origins and the Evolution of Body Plans

Protostome Animals

Deuterostome Animals

The Plant Body

Transport in Plants

Plant Nutrition

Regulation of Plant Growth

Reproduction in Flowering Plants

Plant Responses to Environmental Challenges

Animal Hormones

Immunology: Animal Defense Systems

Animal Reproduction

Animal Development

Neurons, Glia, and Nervous Systems

Sensory Systems

The Mammalian Nervous System: Structure and Higher Functions

Musculoskeletal Systems

Gas Exchange

Circulatory Systems

Nutrition, Digestion, and Absorption

Salt and Water Balance and Nitrogen Excretion

Animal Behavior

The Physical Environment and Biogeography of Life

Populations

Species Interactions

Communities

Ecosystems

A Changing Biosphere

Filters

The upper temperature limit at which cells can function is determined by the _ point of _.