Question 1

Light is needed for photosynthesis, because it

Accepted Answer

A)  brings water into the chloroplast. 
B)  provides a source of energy for making chemical bonds. 
C)  directly causes ATP production. 
D)  provides heat energy, which is converted to chemical energy. 
E)  catalyzes key reactions. 
A)  brings water into the chloroplast. 
B)  provides a source of energy for making chemical bonds. 
C)  directly causes ATP production. 
D)  provides heat energy, which is converted to chemical energy. 
E)  catalyzes key reactions.

Question 2

In oxygenic photosynthesis, water is

Accepted Answer

A)  oxidized to oxygen gas (O2) in the light. 
B)  reduced to hydrogen gas (H2) in the light. 
C)  oxidized to oxygen gas (O2) in the dark. 
D)  reduced to hydrogen gas (H2) in the dark. 
E)  reduced to oxygen gas (O2) in the light. 
A)  oxidized to oxygen gas (O2) in the light. 
B)  reduced to hydrogen gas (H2) in the light. 
C)  oxidized to oxygen gas (O2) in the dark. 
D)  reduced to hydrogen gas (H2) in the dark. 
E)  reduced to oxygen gas (O2) in the light.

Question 3

Which scientific tools helped researchers "crack" the Calvin cycle?

Accepted Answer

A)  Electron microscopy and radioisotopes 
B)  Paper chromatography and crystallography 
C)  Crystallography and centrifugation 
D)  Centrifugation and electron microscopy 
E)  Radioisotopes and paper chromatography 
A)  Electron microscopy and radioisotopes 
B)  Paper chromatography and crystallography 
C)  Crystallography and centrifugation 
D)  Centrifugation and electron microscopy 
E)  Radioisotopes and paper chromatography

Question 4

Refer to the table below summarizing data from an experiment conducted using chloroplasts isolated from spinach leaves.The chloroplasts were incubated with either no compound (control) or with compound A or B for 1 hour.Chloroplasts were then tested for the three functions listed at the top of the table.   What do these data suggest about the role of NADPH in photosynthesis and why?

Accepted Answer

A)  NADPH is required for photosynthesis because Calvin cycle function is blocked when noncyclic electron transport is inhibited. 
B)  NADPH is required for photosynthesis because Calvin cycle function is not blocked when cyclic electron transport is inhibited. 
C)  NADPH is required for photosynthesis because cyclic electron transport can function independently of noncyclic electron transport. 
D)  NADPH is not required for photosynthesis because cyclic electron transport can function even when noncyclic electron transport is inhibited. 
E)  NADPH is not required for photosynthesis because different chemical agents can inhibit cyclic and noncyclic electron transport separately. 
A)  NADPH is required for photosynthesis because Calvin cycle function is blocked when noncyclic electron transport is inhibited. 
B)  NADPH is required for photosynthesis because Calvin cycle function is not blocked when cyclic electron transport is inhibited. 
C)  NADPH is required for photosynthesis because cyclic electron transport can function independently of noncyclic electron transport. 
D)  NADPH is not required for photosynthesis because cyclic electron transport can function even when noncyclic electron transport is inhibited. 
E)  NADPH is not required for photosynthesis because different chemical agents can inhibit cyclic and noncyclic electron transport separately.

Question 5

Which statement is false regarding the Calvin cycle?

Accepted Answer

A)  ATP is required during carbon fixation, reduction, sugar production, and regeneration of RuBP. 
B)  NADPH is required for reduction and sugar production. 
C)  Eighteen ATP molecules are required for every 6 CO2 fixed. 
D)  Twelve NADPH are required for every 6 CO2 fixed. 
E)  Light stimulates the Calvin cycle. 
A)  ATP is required during carbon fixation, reduction, sugar production, and regeneration of RuBP. 
B)  NADPH is required for reduction and sugar production. 
C)  Eighteen ATP molecules are required for every 6 CO2 fixed. 
D)  Twelve NADPH are required for every 6 CO2 fixed. 
E)  Light stimulates the Calvin cycle.

Question 6

During the process of _______, rubisco catalyzes the reaction of RuBP with oxygen.

Accepted Answer

The answer of During the process of _______, rubisco catalyzes...

Question 7

Photosynthesis and cellular respiration are connected through which pathways?

Accepted Answer

A)  Citric acid cycle and Calvin cycle 
B)  Calvin cycle and glycolysis 
C)  Gluconeogenesis and glycolysis 
D)  Fatty acid synthesis and Calvin cycle 
E)  Glycolysis and citric acid cycle 
A)  Citric acid cycle and Calvin cycle 
B)  Calvin cycle and glycolysis 
C)  Gluconeogenesis and glycolysis 
D)  Fatty acid synthesis and Calvin cycle 
E)  Glycolysis and citric acid cycle

Question 8

After one turn of the Calvin cycle,

Accepted Answer

A)  all G3P molecules are converted into sugars. 
B)  one-third of the G3P molecules are used to regenerate RuBP. 
C)  about one-sixth of the G3P molecules are converted into sugars. 
D)  the G3P is metabolized using photorespiration. 
E)  the G3P feedback inhibits the activity of rubisco. 
A)  all G3P molecules are converted into sugars. 
B)  one-third of the G3P molecules are used to regenerate RuBP. 
C)  about one-sixth of the G3P molecules are converted into sugars. 
D)  the G3P is metabolized using photorespiration. 
E)  the G3P feedback inhibits the activity of rubisco.

Question 9

Refer to the graphs below.   The graphs were generated from photosynthesis rate data collected at varying temperatures from two species of plants measured under different CO2 levels.Match the correct labels to the graphs.

Accepted Answer

A)  W = low; X = high; Y = C3 plant; Z = C4 plant 
B)  W = high; X = low; Y = C3 plant; Z = C4 plant 
C)  W = high; X = low; Y = CAM plant; Z = C3 plant 
D)  W = low; X = high; Y = C4 plant; Z= C3 plant 
E)  W = low; X = high; Y = C3 plant; Z = CAM plant 
A)  W = low; X = high; Y = C3 plant; Z = C4 plant 
B)  W = high; X = low; Y = C3 plant; Z = C4 plant 
C)  W = high; X = low; Y = CAM plant; Z = C3 plant 
D)  W = low; X = high; Y = C4 plant; Z= C3 plant 
E)  W = low; X = high; Y = C3 plant; Z = CAM plant

Question 10

The half-reaction below is used to describe the chemical change that occurs to carbon atoms in carbon dioxide during photosynthesis.
6 CO2 + 24 H+ + 24 e− F1F1F1S1F1F1F10 C6H12O6 + 6 H2O
This half-reaction illustrates that carbon atoms in carbon dioxide undergo _______ to form C6H12O6.

Accepted Answer

Question 11

The immediate source of energy for ATP synthesis in chloroplasts is _______, while the ultimate source of energy for ATP synthesis in chloroplasts is _______.

Accepted Answer

A)  light; electron transport 
B)  electron transport; a proton gradient 
C)  a proton gradient; light 
D)  NADPH; electron transport 
E)  NADPH; energized chlorophylls 
A)  light; electron transport 
B)  electron transport; a proton gradient 
C)  a proton gradient; light 
D)  NADPH; electron transport 
E)  NADPH; energized chlorophylls

Question 12

Refer to the diagram below.   This diagram illustrates how several enzymes of the Calvin cycle are activated indirectly by light through the proteins ferredoxin and thioredoxin.The active form of any of these enzymes is depicted by the molecule labeled _______ in the diagram.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Refer to the diagram below.  ...

Question 13

Which type of plant increases the concentration of CO2 prior to carbon fixation by rubisco?

Accepted Answer

A)  C3 
B)  C4 
C)  CAM 
D)  Plants that undergo photorespiration 
E)  Plants that undergo cellular respiration 
A)  C3 
B)  C4 
C)  CAM 
D)  Plants that undergo photorespiration 
E)  Plants that undergo cellular respiration

Question 14

What percentage of sunlight is used as chemical energy for carbon fixation?

Accepted Answer

A)  0 
B)  5 
C)  10 
D)  30 
E)  100 
A)  0 
B)  5 
C)  10 
D)  30 
E)  100

Question 15

The flow chart below outlines the stoichiometries of reaction during photorespiration.   For every 100 RuBP molecules that enter photorespiration, how many 3PG molecules are produced that can be used in the Calvin cycle?

Accepted Answer

A)  25 
B)  50 
C)  75 
D)  100 
E)  150 
A)  25 
B)  50 
C)  75 
D)  100 
E)  150

Question 16

In noncyclic photophosphorylation, the electrons for the reduction of oxidized chlorophyll in photosystem II come from _______.

Accepted Answer

The answer of In noncyclic photophosphorylation, the electrons for the...

Question 17

Refer to the diagram below showing the two catalytic activities of rubisco in C3 plants.   Which pair of conditions could be written into the diagram in place of conditions A and B?

Accepted Answer

A)  A = hot, dry with a high ratio of CO2 to O2; B = cool, moist with a low ratio of CO2 to O2 
B)  A = hot, dry with a low ratio of CO2 to O2; B = cool, moist with a high ratio of CO2 to O2 
C)  A = cool, moist with a high ratio of CO2 to O2; B = hot, dry with a low ratio of CO2 to O2 
D)  A = cool, moist with a low ratio of CO2 to O2; B = hot, dry with a high ratio of CO2 to O2 
E)  A = hot, dry with a high ratio of CO2 to O2; B = cool, moist with a high ratio of CO2 to O2 
A)  A = hot, dry with a high ratio of CO2 to O2; B = cool, moist with a low ratio of CO2 to O2 
B)  A = hot, dry with a low ratio of CO2 to O2; B = cool, moist with a high ratio of CO2 to O2 
C)  A = cool, moist with a high ratio of CO2 to O2; B = hot, dry with a low ratio of CO2 to O2 
D)  A = cool, moist with a low ratio of CO2 to O2; B = hot, dry with a high ratio of CO2 to O2 
E)  A = hot, dry with a high ratio of CO2 to O2; B = cool, moist with a high ratio of CO2 to O2

Question 18

In water, red light is fully absorbed at about 15 meters, orange light is fully absorbed at about 30 meters, yellow light is fully absorbed at about 50 meters, and blue light is fully absorbed at about 100 meters.Based on this information, one can predict that photosynthetic organisms can survive at a depth of up to almost _______ meters.

Accepted Answer

A)  10 
B)  15 
C)  30 
D)  50 
E)  100 
A)  10 
B)  15 
C)  30 
D)  50 
E)  100

Question 19

When CO2 is added to RuBP, the first stable product synthesized is

Accepted Answer

A)  pyruvate. 
B)  ribulose 1,5-bisphosphate (RuBP). 
C)  3-phosphoglycerate (3PG). 
D)  ATP. 
E)  glyceraldehyde 3-phosphate (G3P). 
A)  pyruvate. 
B)  ribulose 1,5-bisphosphate (RuBP). 
C)  3-phosphoglycerate (3PG). 
D)  ATP. 
E)  glyceraldehyde 3-phosphate (G3P).

Question 20

Refer to the graph below showing data collected from experiments performed on living leaves attached to two different plants, maize and bean.The rate of photosynthesis in each leaf was measured at varying concentrations of carbon dioxide present in the intercellular spaces within the leaves.   Based on these results, what is the likely classification of maize and bean plants, and which plant would grow better at reduced carbon dioxide levels?

Accepted Answer

A)  Maize and bean are both C4 plants, and maize would grow better than bean plants at low carbon dioxide levels. 
B)  Maize and bean are both C3 plants, and maize would grow better than bean plants at low carbon dioxide levels. 
C)  Maize is a C4 plant, bean plants are C3, and bean plants would grow better than maize at low carbon dioxide levels. 
D)  Maize is a C4 plant, bean plants are C3, and maize would grow better than bean plants at low carbon dioxide levels. 
E)  Bean plants are C4 plants, maize is C3, and bean plants would grow better than maize at low carbon dioxide levels. 
A)  Maize and bean are both C4 plants, and maize would grow better than bean plants at low carbon dioxide levels. 
B)  Maize and bean are both C3 plants, and maize would grow better than bean plants at low carbon dioxide levels. 
C)  Maize is a C4 plant, bean plants are C3, and bean plants would grow better than maize at low carbon dioxide levels. 
D)  Maize is a C4 plant, bean plants are C3, and maize would grow better than bean plants at low carbon dioxide levels. 
E)  Bean plants are C4 plants, maize is C3, and bean plants would grow better than maize at low carbon dioxide levels.

Exam 10: Photosynthesis: Energy From Sunlight

Light is needed for photosynthesis, because it

In oxygenic photosynthesis, water is

Which scientific tools helped researchers "crack" the Calvin cycle?

Which statement is false regarding the Calvin cycle?

During the process of _______, rubisco catalyzes the reaction of RuBP with oxygen.

Photosynthesis and cellular respiration are connected through which pathways?

After one turn of the Calvin cycle,

Refer to the graphs below. The graphs were generated from photosynthesis rate data collected at varying temperatures from two species of plants measured under different CO2 levels.Match the correct labels to the graphs.

The half-reaction below is used to describe the chemical change that occurs to carbon atoms in carbon dioxide during photosynthesis. 6 CO2 + 24 H+ + 24 e−  C6H12O6 + 6 H2O This half-reaction illustrates that carbon atoms in carbon dioxide undergo _______ to form C6H12O6.

The immediate source of energy for ATP synthesis in chloroplasts is _______, while the ultimate source of energy for ATP synthesis in chloroplasts is _______.

Refer to the diagram below. This diagram illustrates how several enzymes of the Calvin cycle are activated indirectly by light through the proteins ferredoxin and thioredoxin.The active form of any of these enzymes is depicted by the molecule labeled _______ in the diagram.

Which type of plant increases the concentration of CO2 prior to carbon fixation by rubisco?

What percentage of sunlight is used as chemical energy for carbon fixation?

The flow chart below outlines the stoichiometries of reaction during photorespiration. For every 100 RuBP molecules that enter photorespiration, how many 3PG molecules are produced that can be used in the Calvin cycle?

In noncyclic photophosphorylation, the electrons for the reduction of oxidized chlorophyll in photosystem II come from _______.

Refer to the diagram below showing the two catalytic activities of rubisco in C3 plants. Which pair of conditions could be written into the diagram in place of conditions A and B?

When CO2 is added to RuBP, the first stable product synthesized is

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Refer to the graphs below. The graphs were generated from photosynthesis rate data collected at varying temperatures from two species of plants measured under different CO₂ levels.Match the correct labels to the graphs.

The half-reaction below is used to describe the chemical change that occurs to carbon atoms in carbon dioxide during photosynthesis. 6 CO₂ + 24 H⁺ + 24 e⁻  C₆H₁₂O₆ + 6 H₂O This half-reaction illustrates that carbon atoms in carbon dioxide undergo _______ to form C₆H₁₂O₆.

The immediate source of energy for ATP synthesis in chloroplasts is _, while the ultimate source of energy for ATP synthesis in chloroplasts is _.

Which type of plant increases the concentration of CO₂ prior to carbon fixation by rubisco?

Refer to the diagram below showing the two catalytic activities of rubisco in C₃ plants. Which pair of conditions could be written into the diagram in place of conditions A and B?

When CO₂ is added to RuBP, the first stable product synthesized is