Question 1

Canavanine is a secondary metabolite used in a plant's defense against _______.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Canavanine is a secondary metabolite used in...

Question 2

An RNA virus attack on a plant triggers the production of interference RNA (RNAi) such as siRNA.This siRNA is derived from the RNA of the _______ and causes the plant to _______.

Accepted Answer

A)  virus; die from a viral infection 
B)  plant; become immune to the virus 
C)  plant; form mechanical barriers to the virus 
D)  virus; become immune to the virus 
E)  virus; form mechanical barriers to the virus 
A)  virus; die from a viral infection 
B)  plant; become immune to the virus 
C)  plant; form mechanical barriers to the virus 
D)  virus; become immune to the virus 
E)  virus; form mechanical barriers to the virus

Question 3

Name several common sources of heavy metal contamination in soils.

Accepted Answer

Heavy metals may be concentrat

Question 4

A plant compound that is effective against a parasite is most likely a

Accepted Answer

A)  secondary metabolite. 
B)  primary metabolite. 
C)  pectin. 
D)  secondary structure. 
E)  cellulose. 
A)  secondary metabolite. 
B)  primary metabolite. 
C)  pectin. 
D)  secondary structure. 
E)  cellulose.

Question 5

Suppose that a plant has been biochemically fractionated and the defense compounds that repulse caterpillars are found to contain high levels of nitrogen.This plant makes

Accepted Answer

A)  phenolics. 
B)  anthocyanins. 
C)  terpenoids. 
D)  terpenes. 
E)  alkaloids. 
A)  phenolics. 
B)  anthocyanins. 
C)  terpenoids. 
D)  terpenes. 
E)  alkaloids.

Question 6

_______ proteins and cold hardening are both inducible responses to thermal stress.

Accepted Answer

The answer of _______ proteins and cold hardening are both...

Question 7

Some insects evade latex-based plant defenses by

Accepted Answer

A)  draining the latex. 
B)  digesting the latex. 
C)  inducing polymerization of the latex while it is still in the plant. 
D)  diluting the latex to a safe concentration. 
E)  building up immunity to the latex. 
A)  draining the latex. 
B)  digesting the latex. 
C)  inducing polymerization of the latex while it is still in the plant. 
D)  diluting the latex to a safe concentration. 
E)  building up immunity to the latex.

Question 8

A plant's first line of defense against herbivore damage is its

Accepted Answer

A)  epidermis. 
B)  root system. 
C)  apical meristem. 
D)  lenticels. 
E)  vascular system. 
A)  epidermis. 
B)  root system. 
C)  apical meristem. 
D)  lenticels. 
E)  vascular system.

Question 9

Heavy irrigation of crops in arid environments is most likely to result in

Accepted Answer

A)  the accumulation of heavy metals in the soil. 
B)  depletion of heavy metals from the soil. 
C)  the accumulation of salt in the soil. 
D)  depletion of salt from the soil. 
E)  phytoremediation. 
A)  the accumulation of heavy metals in the soil. 
B)  depletion of heavy metals from the soil. 
C)  the accumulation of salt in the soil. 
D)  depletion of salt from the soil. 
E)  phytoremediation.

Question 10

Which trait is not a typical adaptation in xerophytic plants?

Accepted Answer

A)  Pneumatophores 
B)  Shallow, extensive, fibrous root systems 
C)  Deep taproots 
D)  Accumulation of proline in vacuoles 
E)  Small leaves 
A)  Pneumatophores 
B)  Shallow, extensive, fibrous root systems 
C)  Deep taproots 
D)  Accumulation of proline in vacuoles 
E)  Small leaves

Question 11

In salty soils, a plant needs to create a(n) _______ (for example, by hyperaccumulation of ions) to draw water into the roots.

Accepted Answer

negative w

Question 12

Plants can produce the respiratory poison cyanide without poisoning themselves because plants

Accepted Answer

A)  do not respire. 
B)  store a cyanide precursor in one compartment and activating enzymes in another. 
C)  store water-soluble cyanide in laticifers. 
D)  possess enzymes that are unaffected by cyanide. 
E)  also produce proteins that bind and inhibit cyanide. 
A)  do not respire. 
B)  store a cyanide precursor in one compartment and activating enzymes in another. 
C)  store water-soluble cyanide in laticifers. 
D)  possess enzymes that are unaffected by cyanide. 
E)  also produce proteins that bind and inhibit cyanide.

Question 13

_______ serve as phytoalexins in plant defense strategies.

Accepted Answer

A)  Monoterpenes 
B)  Triterpenes 
C)  Flavonoids 
D)  Sterols 
E)  Polyterpenes 
A)  Monoterpenes 
B)  Triterpenes 
C)  Flavonoids 
D)  Sterols 
E)  Polyterpenes

Question 14

Powder made from the ground-up leaves of _______ would most likely deter herbivores if spread on other plants' leaves.

Accepted Answer

A)  sweet corn 
B)  poison ivy 
C)  tobacco 
D)  China rose 
E)  mock orange 
A)  sweet corn 
B)  poison ivy 
C)  tobacco 
D)  China rose 
E)  mock orange

Question 15

Which property is least likely to be found in a hyperaccumulator?

Accepted Answer

A)  Increased ion transport into roots 
B)  Storage of metal ions in the cytoplasm of leaf cells 
C)  Increased resistance to metal ion toxicity 
D)  Increased rates of ion transport to the leaves 
E)  Storage of the metal ion in shoot cell vacuoles 
A)  Increased ion transport into roots 
B)  Storage of metal ions in the cytoplasm of leaf cells 
C)  Increased resistance to metal ion toxicity 
D)  Increased rates of ion transport to the leaves 
E)  Storage of the metal ion in shoot cell vacuoles

Question 16

Plants that produce _______ for defense store them in structures such as vacuoles, laticifers, or glandular trichomes .

Accepted Answer

The answer of Plants that produce _______ for defense store...

Question 17

Refer to the figure.   Some plants that are adapted to swampy environments meet the oxygen needs of their roots by means of a specialized tissue called _______.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Refer to the figure.   Some...

Question 18

A defense response by a plant to the presence of chitin molecules is an example of _______ immunity.

Accepted Answer

The answer of A defense response by a plant to...

Question 19

Which statement about secondary metabolites is false?

Accepted Answer

A)  They may be used in defense against fungi. 
B)  Some are poisonous to herbivores. 
C)  Some are amino acids that are normally part of proteins. 
D)  Water-soluble molecules are stored in vacuoles. 
E)  Some mimic the hormones of animals. 
A)  They may be used in defense against fungi. 
B)  Some are poisonous to herbivores. 
C)  Some are amino acids that are normally part of proteins. 
D)  Water-soluble molecules are stored in vacuoles. 
E)  Some mimic the hormones of animals.

Question 20

Which action is not a result of plant secondary metabolites?

Accepted Answer

A)  Negatively affecting protein synthesis in herbivores 
B)  Mimicking animal hormones 
C)  Inhibiting animals' nervous systems 
D)  Causing herbivores to be more susceptible to their predators 
E)  Disrupting muscle function 
A)  Negatively affecting protein synthesis in herbivores 
B)  Mimicking animal hormones 
C)  Inhibiting animals' nervous systems 
D)  Causing herbivores to be more susceptible to their predators 
E)  Disrupting muscle function

Exam 38: Plant Responses to Environmental Challenges

Canavanine is a secondary metabolite used in a plant's defense against _______.

An RNA virus attack on a plant triggers the production of interference RNA (RNAi) such as siRNA.This siRNA is derived from the RNA of the _______ and causes the plant to _______.

Name several common sources of heavy metal contamination in soils.

A plant compound that is effective against a parasite is most likely a

Suppose that a plant has been biochemically fractionated and the defense compounds that repulse caterpillars are found to contain high levels of nitrogen.This plant makes

_______ proteins and cold hardening are both inducible responses to thermal stress.

Some insects evade latex-based plant defenses by

A plant's first line of defense against herbivore damage is its

Heavy irrigation of crops in arid environments is most likely to result in

Which trait is not a typical adaptation in xerophytic plants?

In salty soils, a plant needs to create a(n) _______ (for example, by hyperaccumulation of ions) to draw water into the roots.

Plants can produce the respiratory poison cyanide without poisoning themselves because plants

_______ serve as phytoalexins in plant defense strategies.

Powder made from the ground-up leaves of _______ would most likely deter herbivores if spread on other plants' leaves.

Which property is least likely to be found in a hyperaccumulator?

Plants that produce _______ for defense store them in structures such as vacuoles, laticifers, or glandular trichomes .

Refer to the figure. Some plants that are adapted to swampy environments meet the oxygen needs of their roots by means of a specialized tissue called _______.

A defense response by a plant to the presence of chitin molecules is an example of _______ immunity.

Which statement about secondary metabolites is false?

Which action is not a result of plant secondary metabolites?

Studying Life

Small Molecules and the Chemistry of Life

Proteins, Carbohydrates, and Lipids

Nucleic Acids and the Origin of Life

Cells: the Working Units of Life

Cell Membranes

Cell Communication and Multicellularity

Energy, Enzymes, and Metabolism

Pathways That Harvest Chemical Energy

Photosynthesis: Energy From Sunlight

The Cell Cycle and Cell Division

Inheritance, Genes, and Chromosomes

Dna and Its Role in Heredity

From Dna to Protein: Gene Expression

Gene Mutation and Molecular Medicine

Regulation of Gene Expression

Genomes

Recombinant Dna and Biotechnology

Mechanisms of Evolution

Reconstructing and Using Phylogenies

Speciation

Evolution of Genes and Genomes

The History of Life on Earth

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The Origin and Diversification of Eukaryotes

Plants Without Seeds: From Water to Land

The Evolution of Seed Plants

The Evolution and Diversity of Fungi

Animal Origins and the Evolution of Body Plans

Protostome Animals

Deuterostome Animals

The Plant Body

Transport in Plants

Plant Nutrition

Regulation of Plant Growth

Reproduction in Flowering Plants

Physiology, Homeostasis, and Temperature Regulation

Animal Hormones

Immunology: Animal Defense Systems

Animal Reproduction

Animal Development

Neurons, Glia, and Nervous Systems

Sensory Systems

The Mammalian Nervous System: Structure and Higher Functions

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Salt and Water Balance and Nitrogen Excretion

Animal Behavior

The Physical Environment and Biogeography of Life

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An RNA virus attack on a plant triggers the production of interference RNA (RNAi) such as siRNA.This siRNA is derived from the RNA of the _ and causes the plant to _.