Question 1

Soil structure changes with depth and can be divided into horizontal layers, or horizons.In which horizon is topsoil present?

Accepted Answer

A)  A horizon 
B)  B horizon 
C)  C horizon 
D)  A or B horizon, depending on total soil depth 
E)  B or C horizon, depending on location 
A)  A horizon 
B)  B horizon 
C)  C horizon 
D)  A or B horizon, depending on total soil depth 
E)  B or C horizon, depending on location

Question 2

The richest topsoils for agriculture are composed of

Accepted Answer

A)  clay only. 
B)  sand only. 
C)  clay and sand only. 
D)  silt only. 
E)  a mixture of clay, sand, organic matter, and silt. 
A)  clay only. 
B)  sand only. 
C)  clay and sand only. 
D)  silt only. 
E)  a mixture of clay, sand, organic matter, and silt.

Question 3

Some plants, living in boggy, low pH habitats, have adaptations for carnivory to increase their intake of _______.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Some plants, living in boggy, low pH...

Question 4

Refer to the figure showing a soil profile.   Earthworms would most likely be found in which soil horizon(s) shown in the figure?

Accepted Answer

The answer of Refer to the figure showing a soil...

Question 5

Which element is not needed by plants for enzyme activity?

Accepted Answer

A)  B (boron) 
B)  Zn (zinc) 
C)  Ni (nickel) 
D)  K (potassium) 
E)  Mn (manganese) 
A)  B (boron) 
B)  Zn (zinc) 
C)  Ni (nickel) 
D)  K (potassium) 
E)  Mn (manganese)

Question 6

Which characteristic is not generally affected by nutrient deficiencies in plants?

Accepted Answer

A)  Stature 
B)  Seed germination 
C)  Leaf color 
D)  Root growth 
E)  Location 
A)  Stature 
B)  Seed germination 
C)  Leaf color 
D)  Root growth 
E)  Location

Question 7

The part of the root that is most important for building the bulk of a root nodule is the

Accepted Answer

A)  epidermis. 
B)  cortex. 
C)  xylem. 
D)  phloem. 
E)  root hair. 
A)  epidermis. 
B)  cortex. 
C)  xylem. 
D)  phloem. 
E)  root hair.

Question 8

Mycorrhizae help plants nutritionally by greatly increasing the _______ for absorption of mineral nutrients.

Accepted Answer

A)  leaf area 
B)  number of roots 
C)  number of root hairs 
D)  surface area 
E)  driving force 
A)  leaf area 
B)  number of roots 
C)  number of root hairs 
D)  surface area 
E)  driving force

Question 9

Based on your knowledge of plant nutrition and metabolism, which process would you expect not to be affected by a deficiency in iron?

Accepted Answer

A)  Chlorophyll synthesis 
B)  Photosynthesis 
C)  Cellular respiration 
D)  Glycolysis 
E)  Electron transfer 
A)  Chlorophyll synthesis 
B)  Photosynthesis 
C)  Cellular respiration 
D)  Glycolysis 
E)  Electron transfer

Question 10

After nitrogen fixation, the ammonia can be converted by other bacteria to _______ and _______.

Accepted Answer

A)  nitrite; ATP 
B)  nitrate; amino acids 
C)  nitrate; nucleic acids 
D)  nitrite; nitrate 
E)  nitrite; pigments 
A)  nitrite; ATP 
B)  nitrate; amino acids 
C)  nitrate; nucleic acids 
D)  nitrite; nitrate 
E)  nitrite; pigments

Question 11

Refer to the figure showing two different plant symbioses.   The symbiotic cells entering plant cell B in the figure are most likely

Accepted Answer

A)  insect larvae. 
B)  actinomycetes. 
C)  Rhizobium. 
D)  fungi. 
E)  parasitic plants. 
A)  insect larvae. 
B)  actinomycetes. 
C)  Rhizobium. 
D)  fungi. 
E)  parasitic plants.

Question 12

Which statement about mycorrhizae is true?

Accepted Answer

A)  They increase the functional surface area of a root system. 
B)  They involve an interaction between a bacterium and a plant. 
C)  They are very unusual in nature, found only in specialized plant groups. 
D)  They spread via plant seeds. 
E)  They form structures that exclude oxygen. 
A)  They increase the functional surface area of a root system. 
B)  They involve an interaction between a bacterium and a plant. 
C)  They are very unusual in nature, found only in specialized plant groups. 
D)  They spread via plant seeds. 
E)  They form structures that exclude oxygen.

Question 13

Which statement about nitrogen fixation is false?

Accepted Answer

A)  Nitrogenase is active under anaerobic conditions. 
B)  The energy for nitrogen fixation can be provided by respiration. 
C)  Nitrogen reduction requires a great deal of ATP. 
D)  Most nitrogen-fixing microbes are aerobic organisms. 
E)  Within a nodule, oxygen levels are kept at a low level. 
A)  Nitrogenase is active under anaerobic conditions. 
B)  The energy for nitrogen fixation can be provided by respiration. 
C)  Nitrogen reduction requires a great deal of ATP. 
D)  Most nitrogen-fixing microbes are aerobic organisms. 
E)  Within a nodule, oxygen levels are kept at a low level.

Question 14

Root nodules on plants of the legume family contain

Accepted Answer

A)  cyanobacteria. 
B)  Nitrosococcus bacteria. 
C)  Rhizobium bacteria. 
D)  Pseudomonas bacteria. 
E)  Nitrobacter bacteria. 
A)  cyanobacteria. 
B)  Nitrosococcus bacteria. 
C)  Rhizobium bacteria. 
D)  Pseudomonas bacteria. 
E)  Nitrobacter bacteria.

Question 15

Plants generally require more _______ than _______.

Accepted Answer

A)  micronutrients; macronutrients 
B)  macronutrients; micronutrients 
C)  macronutrients; essential elements 
D)  essential elements; micronutrients 
E)  sulfur; carbon 
A)  micronutrients; macronutrients 
B)  macronutrients; micronutrients 
C)  macronutrients; essential elements 
D)  essential elements; micronutrients 
E)  sulfur; carbon

Question 16

Refer to the figure showing two different plant symbioses.   In plant cell A in the figure, what is being provided to the plant by the fungal structure entering between the two sections of vacuole?

Accepted Answer

A)  Additional plant cells 
B)  Connection to surface area for absorption 
C)  More plasmodesmata 
D)  Strands of cellulose 
E)  Air channels for gas exchange 
A)  Additional plant cells 
B)  Connection to surface area for absorption 
C)  More plasmodesmata 
D)  Strands of cellulose 
E)  Air channels for gas exchange

Question 17

Adding _______ particles would increase the ion-binding capacity of a soil sample.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Adding _______ particles would increase the ion-binding...

Question 18

Refer to the table showing the growth of cassava plants on different soil plots.Each experimental group consisted of the same number of plants on the same acreage in each plot.   Which plot(s) do you think might have had higher concentrations of mycorrhizal spores?

Accepted Answer

A)  Plot A only 
B)  Plot B only 
C)  Plots A and B 
D)  Plots C and D 
E)  It is likely all four plots had significant numbers of mycorrhizal spores. 
A)  Plot A only 
B)  Plot B only 
C)  Plots A and B 
D)  Plots C and D 
E)  It is likely all four plots had significant numbers of mycorrhizal spores.

Question 19

The problems that arise regarding plant development due to a lack or insufficiency of an essential element are collectively called

Accepted Answer

A)  chlorosis. 
B)  deficiency symptoms. 
C)  metabolic deficits. 
D)  shortfalls. 
E)  deficit disorders. 
A)  chlorosis. 
B)  deficiency symptoms. 
C)  metabolic deficits. 
D)  shortfalls. 
E)  deficit disorders.

Question 20

Venus flytrap plants obtain various nutrients from their prey, but their greatest gain is used for protein synthesis.That nutrient is

Accepted Answer

A)  calcium. 
B)  carbon. 
C)  energy. 
D)  hydrogen. 
E)  nitrogen. 
A)  calcium. 
B)  carbon. 
C)  energy. 
D)  hydrogen. 
E)  nitrogen.

Exam 35: Plant Nutrition

Soil structure changes with depth and can be divided into horizontal layers, or horizons.In which horizon is topsoil present?

The richest topsoils for agriculture are composed of

Some plants, living in boggy, low pH habitats, have adaptations for carnivory to increase their intake of _______.

Refer to the figure showing a soil profile. Earthworms would most likely be found in which soil horizon(s) shown in the figure?

Which element is not needed by plants for enzyme activity?

Which characteristic is not generally affected by nutrient deficiencies in plants?

The part of the root that is most important for building the bulk of a root nodule is the

Mycorrhizae help plants nutritionally by greatly increasing the _______ for absorption of mineral nutrients.

Based on your knowledge of plant nutrition and metabolism, which process would you expect not to be affected by a deficiency in iron?

After nitrogen fixation, the ammonia can be converted by other bacteria to _______ and _______.

Refer to the figure showing two different plant symbioses. The symbiotic cells entering plant cell B in the figure are most likely

Which statement about mycorrhizae is true?

Which statement about nitrogen fixation is false?

Root nodules on plants of the legume family contain

Plants generally require more _______ than _______.

Refer to the figure showing two different plant symbioses. In plant cell A in the figure, what is being provided to the plant by the fungal structure entering between the two sections of vacuole?

Adding _______ particles would increase the ion-binding capacity of a soil sample.

Refer to the table showing the growth of cassava plants on different soil plots.Each experimental group consisted of the same number of plants on the same acreage in each plot. Which plot(s) do you think might have had higher concentrations of mycorrhizal spores?

The problems that arise regarding plant development due to a lack or insufficiency of an essential element are collectively called

Venus flytrap plants obtain various nutrients from their prey, but their greatest gain is used for protein synthesis.That nutrient is

Studying Life

Small Molecules and the Chemistry of Life

Proteins, Carbohydrates, and Lipids

Nucleic Acids and the Origin of Life

Cells: the Working Units of Life

Cell Membranes

Cell Communication and Multicellularity

Energy, Enzymes, and Metabolism

Pathways That Harvest Chemical Energy

Photosynthesis: Energy From Sunlight

The Cell Cycle and Cell Division

Inheritance, Genes, and Chromosomes

Dna and Its Role in Heredity

From Dna to Protein: Gene Expression

Gene Mutation and Molecular Medicine

Regulation of Gene Expression

Genomes

Recombinant Dna and Biotechnology

Mechanisms of Evolution

Reconstructing and Using Phylogenies

Speciation

Evolution of Genes and Genomes

The History of Life on Earth

Bacteria, Archaea, and Viruses

The Origin and Diversification of Eukaryotes

Plants Without Seeds: From Water to Land

The Evolution of Seed Plants

The Evolution and Diversity of Fungi

Animal Origins and the Evolution of Body Plans

Protostome Animals

Deuterostome Animals

The Plant Body

Transport in Plants

Regulation of Plant Growth

Reproduction in Flowering Plants

Plant Responses to Environmental Challenges

Physiology, Homeostasis, and Temperature Regulation

Animal Hormones

Immunology: Animal Defense Systems

Animal Reproduction

Animal Development

Neurons, Glia, and Nervous Systems

Sensory Systems

The Mammalian Nervous System: Structure and Higher Functions

Musculoskeletal Systems

Gas Exchange

Circulatory Systems

Nutrition, Digestion, and Absorption

Salt and Water Balance and Nitrogen Excretion

Animal Behavior

The Physical Environment and Biogeography of Life

Populations

Species Interactions

Communities

Ecosystems

A Changing Biosphere

Filters

After nitrogen fixation, the ammonia can be converted by other bacteria to _ and _.

Plants generally require more _ than _.