Question 1

The ionization of carbonic acid

Accepted Answer

A)  increases the amount of soil carbon available to plants. 
B)  raises the pH of soil. 
C)  reduces the leaching of phosphates and nitrates from soil. 
D)  causes it to evaporate from the A horizon of soil. 
E)  triggers the release of positively charged mineral ions from clay. 
A)  increases the amount of soil carbon available to plants. 
B)  raises the pH of soil. 
C)  reduces the leaching of phosphates and nitrates from soil. 
D)  causes it to evaporate from the A horizon of soil. 
E)  triggers the release of positively charged mineral ions from clay.

Question 2

Which microorganism does not include any representatives that produce fixed (reduced) nitrogen that can be used by other organisms?

Accepted Answer

A)  Cyanobacteria in the oceans 
B)  Bacteroids in nodules 
C)  Mycorrhizal fungi 
D)  Cyanobacteria in association with Azolla 
E)  Nostoc species found in lichens 
A)  Cyanobacteria in the oceans 
B)  Bacteroids in nodules 
C)  Mycorrhizal fungi 
D)  Cyanobacteria in association with Azolla 
E)  Nostoc species found in lichens

Question 3

Which item is found in a healthy agricultural soil?

Accepted Answer

A)  Bacteria 
B)  Parent rock 
C)  Lead 
D)  Abundant salt 
E)  Uranium 
A)  Bacteria 
B)  Parent rock 
C)  Lead 
D)  Abundant salt 
E)  Uranium

Question 4

Soil scientists recognize _______ major soil horizons: _______.

Accepted Answer

A)  two; A and B 
B)  two; upper and lower 
C)  three; A, B, and C 
D)  four; top, top middle, middle, and lower 
E)  seven; 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, and 7 
A)  two; A and B 
B)  two; upper and lower 
C)  three; A, B, and C 
D)  four; top, top middle, middle, and lower 
E)  seven; 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, and 7

Question 5

A green plant growing in a low, boggy area and whose leaves are sticky and covered with dead and dying insects is probably

Accepted Answer

A)  parasitic. 
B)  defending itself against herbivores. 
C)  carnivorous. 
D)  photosynthetic. 
E)  carnivorous and photosynthetic. 
A)  parasitic. 
B)  defending itself against herbivores. 
C)  carnivorous. 
D)  photosynthetic. 
E)  carnivorous and photosynthetic.

Question 6

Which pair does not correctly match a land-use practice with its accompanying effect on the soil?

Accepted Answer

A)  Annual harvesting of grass crops: removal of nutrient stores from soil 
B)  Clear-cutting: excessive soil erosion 
C)  Extensive nitrogen fertilizer use: algal blooms in nearby aquatic areas 
D)  Irrigation of desert fields: excessive accumulation of salts in topsoil 
E)  Crop rotation including legumes: decreased nutrient availability 
A)  Annual harvesting of grass crops: removal of nutrient stores from soil 
B)  Clear-cutting: excessive soil erosion 
C)  Extensive nitrogen fertilizer use: algal blooms in nearby aquatic areas 
D)  Irrigation of desert fields: excessive accumulation of salts in topsoil 
E)  Crop rotation including legumes: decreased nutrient availability

Question 7

In most plants, nitrogen deficiency is signaled by a(n) _______ color in the _______ leaves.

Accepted Answer

A)  yellow; old 
B)  yellow; young 
C)  orange; old 
D)  orange; young 
E)  brown-spotted; old 
A)  yellow; old 
B)  yellow; young 
C)  orange; old 
D)  orange; young 
E)  brown-spotted; old

Question 8

The process that is the opposite of nitrogen fixation would be called _______.

Accepted Answer

The answer of The process that is the opposite of...

Question 9

Which item is not a component of a hydroponic experiment?

Accepted Answer

A)  Soil 
B)  Water 
C)  Minerals 
D)  Plant 
E)  Container 
A)  Soil 
B)  Water 
C)  Minerals 
D)  Plant 
E)  Container

Question 10

What protein is most critical for allowing nitrogenase to do its job in a root nodule?

Accepted Answer

A)  Leghemoglobin 
B)  Rubisco 
C)  Phototropin 
D)  Auxin 
E)  Gibberellin 
A)  Leghemoglobin 
B)  Rubisco 
C)  Phototropin 
D)  Auxin 
E)  Gibberellin

Question 11

Which sequence represents the correct order of the locations where rhizobia develop as a root nodule is formed, from earliest to latest?

Accepted Answer

A)  Soil F1F1F1S1F1F1F10 root hair F1F1F1S1F1F1F10 cortex 
B)  Soil F1F1F1S1F1F1F10 cortex F1F1F1S1F1F1F10 root hair 
C)  Root hair F1F1F1S1F1F1F10 cortex F1F1F1S1F1F1F10 soil 
D)  Root hair F1F1F1S1F1F1F10 soil F1F1F1S1F1F1F10 cortex 
E)  Cortex F1F1F1S1F1F1F10 soil F1F1F1S1F1F1F10 root hair 
A)  Soil F1F1F1S1F1F1F10 root hair F1F1F1S1F1F1F10 cortex 
B)  Soil F1F1F1S1F1F1F10 cortex F1F1F1S1F1F1F10 root hair 
C)  Root hair F1F1F1S1F1F1F10 cortex F1F1F1S1F1F1F10 soil 
D)  Root hair F1F1F1S1F1F1F10 soil F1F1F1S1F1F1F10 cortex 
E)  Cortex F1F1F1S1F1F1F10 soil F1F1F1S1F1F1F10 root hair

Question 12

One major obstacle of plant nutrition is that plants, unlike animals, are unable to move to obtain nutrients because they are

Accepted Answer

A)  too large. 
B)  motile. 
C)  sessile. 
D)  iterative. 
E)  segmented. 
A)  too large. 
B)  motile. 
C)  sessile. 
D)  iterative. 
E)  segmented.

Question 13

The nitrogen-fixing form of Rhizobium bacteria that can be found inside the roots of a legume are known as

Accepted Answer

A)  endospores. 
B)  cyanobacteria. 
C)  bacteroids. 
D)  heterocysts. 
E)  eggs. 
A)  endospores. 
B)  cyanobacteria. 
C)  bacteroids. 
D)  heterocysts. 
E)  eggs.

Question 14

Which material is not essential to the process of biological nitrogen fixation in soybean (legume) nodules?

Accepted Answer

A)  N2 gas 
B)  O2 gas 
C)  A strong reducing agent 
D)  A great deal of energy 
E)  The enzyme nitrogenase 
A)  N2 gas 
B)  O2 gas 
C)  A strong reducing agent 
D)  A great deal of energy 
E)  The enzyme nitrogenase

Question 15

Refer to the figure showing root nodule formation.   Which letter in the figure indicates a structure in which there is a low level of oxygen due to the presence of leghemoglobin?

Accepted Answer

The answer of Refer to the figure showing root nodule...

Question 16

A common bean plant is growing in a spot in a garden with variable nutrient availability in the surrounding soil.Some small soil patches contain large rocks, others contain sand, and still others contain animal droppings.What could the bean plant do to access the available nutrients most successfully?

Accepted Answer

A)  Grow stems over the nutrient-rich patches to prevent competing plants from growing there. 
B)  Release allelopathic chemicals to prevent competition for resources. 
C)  Remodel its shoot system to grow around the poorer soil areas. 
D)  Attract ants to destroy any competing seedlings. 
E)  Increase the growth of roots toward the animal droppings. 
A)  Grow stems over the nutrient-rich patches to prevent competing plants from growing there. 
B)  Release allelopathic chemicals to prevent competition for resources. 
C)  Remodel its shoot system to grow around the poorer soil areas. 
D)  Attract ants to destroy any competing seedlings. 
E)  Increase the growth of roots toward the animal droppings.

Question 17

Which nitrogen compound is used directly by plants to build proteins?

Accepted Answer

A)  Ammonium 
B)  N2 
C)  Nitrate 
D)  Nitrite 
E)  Nitrous oxide 
A)  Ammonium 
B)  N2 
C)  Nitrate 
D)  Nitrite 
E)  Nitrous oxide

Question 18

Which list contains an element that is not essential for plant nutrition?

Accepted Answer

A)  N, P, K 
B)  Ni, P, K 
C)  Ca, Mg, K 
D)  Ca, P, K 
E)  Ne, Ni, P 
A)  N, P, K 
B)  Ni, P, K 
C)  Ca, Mg, K 
D)  Ca, P, K 
E)  Ne, Ni, P

Question 19

Which list is the correct order of the nitrogen cycle?

Accepted Answer

A)  Nitrification F1F1F1S1F1F1F10 nitrate reduction F1F1F1S1F1F1F10 fixation 
B)  Fixation F1F1F1S1F1F1F10 nitrate reduction F1F1F1S1F1F1F10 nitrification 
C)  Fixation F1F1F1S1F1F1F10 nitrification F1F1F1S1F1F1F10 nitrate reduction 
D)  Nitrification F1F1F1S1F1F1F10 fixation F1F1F1S1F1F1F10 nitrate reduction 
E)  Nitrate reduction F1F1F1S1F1F1F10 nitrification F1F1F1S1F1F1F10 fixation 
A)  Nitrification F1F1F1S1F1F1F10 nitrate reduction F1F1F1S1F1F1F10 fixation 
B)  Fixation F1F1F1S1F1F1F10 nitrate reduction F1F1F1S1F1F1F10 nitrification 
C)  Fixation F1F1F1S1F1F1F10 nitrification F1F1F1S1F1F1F10 nitrate reduction 
D)  Nitrification F1F1F1S1F1F1F10 fixation F1F1F1S1F1F1F10 nitrate reduction 
E)  Nitrate reduction F1F1F1S1F1F1F10 nitrification F1F1F1S1F1F1F10 fixation

Question 20

If you were to engineer a parasitic plant, an essential characteristic to incorporate would be the ability to detect the _______ secreted by some plants to attract soil microorganisms.

Accepted Answer

The answer of If you were to engineer a parasitic...

Exam 35: Plant Nutrition

The ionization of carbonic acid

Which microorganism does not include any representatives that produce fixed (reduced) nitrogen that can be used by other organisms?

Which item is found in a healthy agricultural soil?

Soil scientists recognize _______ major soil horizons: _______.

A green plant growing in a low, boggy area and whose leaves are sticky and covered with dead and dying insects is probably

Which pair does not correctly match a land-use practice with its accompanying effect on the soil?

In most plants, nitrogen deficiency is signaled by a(n) _______ color in the _______ leaves.

The process that is the opposite of nitrogen fixation would be called _______.

Which item is not a component of a hydroponic experiment?

What protein is most critical for allowing nitrogenase to do its job in a root nodule?

Which sequence represents the correct order of the locations where rhizobia develop as a root nodule is formed, from earliest to latest?

One major obstacle of plant nutrition is that plants, unlike animals, are unable to move to obtain nutrients because they are

The nitrogen-fixing form of Rhizobium bacteria that can be found inside the roots of a legume are known as

Which material is not essential to the process of biological nitrogen fixation in soybean (legume) nodules?

Refer to the figure showing root nodule formation. Which letter in the figure indicates a structure in which there is a low level of oxygen due to the presence of leghemoglobin?

Which nitrogen compound is used directly by plants to build proteins?

Which list contains an element that is not essential for plant nutrition?

Which list is the correct order of the nitrogen cycle?

If you were to engineer a parasitic plant, an essential characteristic to incorporate would be the ability to detect the _______ secreted by some plants to attract soil microorganisms.

Studying Life

Small Molecules and the Chemistry of Life

Proteins, Carbohydrates, and Lipids

Nucleic Acids and the Origin of Life

Cells: the Working Units of Life

Cell Membranes

Cell Communication and Multicellularity

Energy, Enzymes, and Metabolism

Pathways That Harvest Chemical Energy

Photosynthesis: Energy From Sunlight

The Cell Cycle and Cell Division

Inheritance, Genes, and Chromosomes

Dna and Its Role in Heredity

From Dna to Protein: Gene Expression

Gene Mutation and Molecular Medicine

Regulation of Gene Expression

Genomes

Recombinant Dna and Biotechnology

Mechanisms of Evolution

Reconstructing and Using Phylogenies

Speciation

Evolution of Genes and Genomes

The History of Life on Earth

Bacteria, Archaea, and Viruses

The Origin and Diversification of Eukaryotes

Plants Without Seeds: From Water to Land

The Evolution of Seed Plants

The Evolution and Diversity of Fungi

Animal Origins and the Evolution of Body Plans

Protostome Animals

Deuterostome Animals

The Plant Body

Transport in Plants

Regulation of Plant Growth

Reproduction in Flowering Plants

Plant Responses to Environmental Challenges

Physiology, Homeostasis, and Temperature Regulation

Animal Hormones

Immunology: Animal Defense Systems

Animal Reproduction

Animal Development

Neurons, Glia, and Nervous Systems

Sensory Systems

The Mammalian Nervous System: Structure and Higher Functions

Musculoskeletal Systems

Gas Exchange

Circulatory Systems

Nutrition, Digestion, and Absorption

Salt and Water Balance and Nitrogen Excretion

Animal Behavior

The Physical Environment and Biogeography of Life

Populations

Species Interactions

Communities

Ecosystems

A Changing Biosphere

Filters

Soil scientists recognize _ major soil horizons: _.

In most plants, nitrogen deficiency is signaled by a(n) _ color in the _ leaves.