Question 1

In terms of their importance for nutrient binding, the main difference between clay and sand particles is that clay particles have much more _______ per volume.

Accepted Answer

The answer of In terms of their importance for nutrient...

Question 2

Soils

Accepted Answer

A)  are complex mixtures of totally inorganic materials. 
B)  are sterile. 
C)  are unaffected by plants that grow in them. 
D)  are complex mixtures of organic and inorganic materials, and organisms. 
E)  do not change in composition or structure. 
A)  are complex mixtures of totally inorganic materials. 
B)  are sterile. 
C)  are unaffected by plants that grow in them. 
D)  are complex mixtures of organic and inorganic materials, and organisms. 
E)  do not change in composition or structure.

Question 3

Refer to the graph showing data from a set of hydroponic experiments examining the dependence of germination on nickel levels.A number of plants are grown at different nickel concentrations for three generations.Some seeds from third generation plants are analyzed for nickel content, and some are germinated in solution lacking nickel.Many of the seeds germinate.   Which conclusion is valid?

Accepted Answer

A)  Since more seeds germinate in the low nickel conditions, there must be too much nickel present. 
B)  The lack of nickel in the germination solution compensates for too much nickel in the seeds. 
C)  High levels of nickel are toxic to the plant. 
D)  When plants are grown with sufficient nickel, their seeds contain enough nickel to allow germination. 
E)  There must be small amounts of nickel present in the germination solution to allow the seeds to germinate. 
A)  Since more seeds germinate in the low nickel conditions, there must be too much nickel present. 
B)  The lack of nickel in the germination solution compensates for too much nickel in the seeds. 
C)  High levels of nickel are toxic to the plant. 
D)  When plants are grown with sufficient nickel, their seeds contain enough nickel to allow germination. 
E)  There must be small amounts of nickel present in the germination solution to allow the seeds to germinate.

Question 4

Root nodulation is beneficial to plants because plants

Accepted Answer

A)  use the nodules as storehouses for nitrogen. 
B)  usually have limited nitrogen supplies. 
C)  benefit from the increased surface area provided by the nodules. 
D)  use the nodules to obtain phosphorous as well as nitrogen. 
E)  use the nodules to trap nitrogen-rich bacteria. 
A)  use the nodules as storehouses for nitrogen. 
B)  usually have limited nitrogen supplies. 
C)  benefit from the increased surface area provided by the nodules. 
D)  use the nodules to obtain phosphorous as well as nitrogen. 
E)  use the nodules to trap nitrogen-rich bacteria.

Question 5

Cation exchange is the means by which

Accepted Answer

A)  carbonic acid is added to soils. 
B)  positive ions are replaced by H+ on soil particles. 
C)  negative ions are incorporated into soils. 
D)  positive ions are replaced by negative ions on soil particles. 
E)  neutral atoms become ions in soils. 
A)  carbonic acid is added to soils. 
B)  positive ions are replaced by H+ on soil particles. 
C)  negative ions are incorporated into soils. 
D)  positive ions are replaced by negative ions on soil particles. 
E)  neutral atoms become ions in soils.

Question 6

Plants have specialized transport systems for the uptake of specific _______.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Plants have specialized transport systems for the...

Question 7

If you wanted non-legumes to nodulate for the nutritional benefit of the plants, which part of the non-legumes would you work on?

Accepted Answer

A)  Roots 
B)  Stems 
C)  Leaves 
D)  Flowers 
E)  Petioles 
A)  Roots 
B)  Stems 
C)  Leaves 
D)  Flowers 
E)  Petioles

Question 8

Mycorrhizae expand the effective surface area of the root system by up to

Accepted Answer

A)  two-fold. 
B)  five-fold. 
C)  10-fold. 
D)  100-fold. 
E)  1,000-fold. 
A)  two-fold. 
B)  five-fold. 
C)  10-fold. 
D)  100-fold. 
E)  1,000-fold.

Question 9

Which control mechanism is not used to control the transport of nutrients into plant cells?

Accepted Answer

A)  Transcriptional control of transporter genes 
B)  Phosphorylation of transporter proteins 
C)  Multiple genes for transporters for various ions 
D)  Specific transporters for each type of ion 
E)  Decreased numbers of ion transporters in low ion conditions 
A)  Transcriptional control of transporter genes 
B)  Phosphorylation of transporter proteins 
C)  Multiple genes for transporters for various ions 
D)  Specific transporters for each type of ion 
E)  Decreased numbers of ion transporters in low ion conditions

Question 10

Do nutrients enter the plant from the soil via diffusion? Why or why not?

Accepted Answer

Plants take up minerals via active trans

Question 11

Which pairing between a macronutrient and the major functions it performs in the life of a plant is incorrect?

Accepted Answer

A)  Potassium: enzyme activation, water balance, ion balance 
B)  Calcium: activity of membranes and cytoskeleton, second messenger 
C)  Sulfur: in proteins and coenzymes 
D)  Iron: photosynthesis, ion balance 
E)  Magnesium: in chlorophyll, required for many enzymes 
A)  Potassium: enzyme activation, water balance, ion balance 
B)  Calcium: activity of membranes and cytoskeleton, second messenger 
C)  Sulfur: in proteins and coenzymes 
D)  Iron: photosynthesis, ion balance 
E)  Magnesium: in chlorophyll, required for many enzymes

Question 12

In a typical approach to identifying essential elements in plants, a plant grown hydroponically in a solution containing all known nutrients is transferred to a solution _______.This approach is least effective at detecting nutrients needed in _______ amounts.

Accepted Answer

A)  lacking a single potential nutrient; small 
B)  lacking a single potential nutrient; large 
C)  lacking all known nutrients; small 
D)  lacking all known nutrients; large 
E)  having a single potential nutrient; small 
A)  lacking a single potential nutrient; small 
B)  lacking a single potential nutrient; large 
C)  lacking all known nutrients; small 
D)  lacking all known nutrients; large 
E)  having a single potential nutrient; small

Question 13

Parasitic plants that have lost the ability to perform photosynthesis in exchange for parasitism are known as

Accepted Answer

A)  hemiparasites. 
B)  holoparasites. 
C)  protoparasites. 
D)  decomposers. 
E)  carnivorous plants. 
A)  hemiparasites. 
B)  holoparasites. 
C)  protoparasites. 
D)  decomposers. 
E)  carnivorous plants.

Question 14

A stunted dark green plant with purple veins is showing signs of _______ deficiency.

Accepted Answer

The answer of A stunted dark green plant with purple...

Question 15

The minerals required by plants in concentrations of less than 100 milligrams per kilogram of their dry matter are called _______.

Accepted Answer

The answer of The minerals required by plants in concentrations...

Question 16

Nitrogen is typically present in plants in concentrations of 15 g/kg dry weight.Thus, it is classified as a(n)

Accepted Answer

A)  micronutrient. 
B)  macronutrient. 
C)  essential element. 
D)  nonessential element. 
E)  mineral nutrient. 
A)  micronutrient. 
B)  macronutrient. 
C)  essential element. 
D)  nonessential element. 
E)  mineral nutrient.

Question 17

Which is not a reason that clay is a useful additive to sandy soil?

Accepted Answer

A)  Clay provides a reservoir of cation nutrients. 
B)  Clay holds moisture. 
C)  Clay binds positively charged mineral ions. 
D)  Clay prevents leaching. 
E)  Clay allows water to filter through quickly. 
A)  Clay provides a reservoir of cation nutrients. 
B)  Clay holds moisture. 
C)  Clay binds positively charged mineral ions. 
D)  Clay prevents leaching. 
E)  Clay allows water to filter through quickly.

Question 18

The process of cation exchange affects soil fertility by altering _______.

Accepted Answer

nutrient a

Question 19

Which pair correctly matches a nutrient with its site of entry?

Accepted Answer

A)  Nitrogen: leaves 
B)  Carbon: roots 
C)  Potassium: leaves 
D)  Phosphorus: roots 
E)  Water: leaves 
A)  Nitrogen: leaves 
B)  Carbon: roots 
C)  Potassium: leaves 
D)  Phosphorus: roots 
E)  Water: leaves

Question 20

Cation exchange is an important process that facilitates the uptake of nutrients by plants.How is this accomplished?

Accepted Answer

A)  Cation exchange allows more incorporation of air into soil. 
B)  Because of the positive charge on clay particles, cation exchange gets rid of the clay. 
C)  Roots secrete protons (H+) or acids into the soil, which displace positive nutrient ions from soil particles. 
D)  Negative ions such as phosphate, nitrate, and sulfate are exchanged for cations. 
E)  Cation exchange is most effective when performed in the C horizon. 
A)  Cation exchange allows more incorporation of air into soil. 
B)  Because of the positive charge on clay particles, cation exchange gets rid of the clay. 
C)  Roots secrete protons (H+) or acids into the soil, which displace positive nutrient ions from soil particles. 
D)  Negative ions such as phosphate, nitrate, and sulfate are exchanged for cations. 
E)  Cation exchange is most effective when performed in the C horizon.

Exam 35: Plant Nutrition

In terms of their importance for nutrient binding, the main difference between clay and sand particles is that clay particles have much more _______ per volume.

Soils

Root nodulation is beneficial to plants because plants

Cation exchange is the means by which

Plants have specialized transport systems for the uptake of specific _______.

If you wanted non-legumes to nodulate for the nutritional benefit of the plants, which part of the non-legumes would you work on?

Mycorrhizae expand the effective surface area of the root system by up to

Which control mechanism is not used to control the transport of nutrients into plant cells?

Do nutrients enter the plant from the soil via diffusion? Why or why not?

Which pairing between a macronutrient and the major functions it performs in the life of a plant is incorrect?

In a typical approach to identifying essential elements in plants, a plant grown hydroponically in a solution containing all known nutrients is transferred to a solution _______.This approach is least effective at detecting nutrients needed in _______ amounts.

Parasitic plants that have lost the ability to perform photosynthesis in exchange for parasitism are known as

A stunted dark green plant with purple veins is showing signs of _______ deficiency.

The minerals required by plants in concentrations of less than 100 milligrams per kilogram of their dry matter are called _______.

Nitrogen is typically present in plants in concentrations of 15 g/kg dry weight.Thus, it is classified as a(n)

Which is not a reason that clay is a useful additive to sandy soil?

The process of cation exchange affects soil fertility by altering _______.

Which pair correctly matches a nutrient with its site of entry?

Cation exchange is an important process that facilitates the uptake of nutrients by plants.How is this accomplished?

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Cells: the Working Units of Life

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Pathways That Harvest Chemical Energy

Photosynthesis: Energy From Sunlight

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In a typical approach to identifying essential elements in plants, a plant grown hydroponically in a solution containing all known nutrients is transferred to a solution _.This approach is least effective at detecting nutrients needed in _ amounts.