Question 1

The process of diffusion leads to

Accepted Answer

A)  a solute moving against its concentration gradient. 
B)  a reduction in the energy used in active transport. 
C)  an increase in the random movement of particles. 
D)  a state of concentration equilibrium of solute particles in a solution. 
E)  a reduction in the selective permeability of the plasma membrane. 
A)  a solute moving against its concentration gradient. 
B)  a reduction in the energy used in active transport. 
C)  an increase in the random movement of particles. 
D)  a state of concentration equilibrium of solute particles in a solution. 
E)  a reduction in the selective permeability of the plasma membrane.

Question 2

Refer to the figure below, in which the interaction of two substances controls cell movement.   What are these substances?

Accepted Answer

Integrin a

Question 3

Refer to the figure below.   According to the graph, as the number of glucose molecules increases, the rate of diffusion across a membrane

Accepted Answer

A)  increases indefinitely. 
B)  decreases. 
C)  increases until a plateau is reached. 
D)  can either increase or decrease. 
E)  remains unchanged. 
A)  increases indefinitely. 
B)  decreases. 
C)  increases until a plateau is reached. 
D)  can either increase or decrease. 
E)  remains unchanged.

Question 4

Membrane proteins are asymmetrically distributed according to the function of the membrane and its lipid composition.Which statement about peripheral membrane proteins is true?

Accepted Answer

A)  They do not contain any hydrophilic regions. 
B)  They are embedded in the phospholipid bilayer. 
C)  They are able to move freely within the plasma membrane. 
D)  Their charged regions interact with other proteins or with phospholipids. 
E)  Their hydrophobic side chains interact with the lipid bilayer. 
A)  They do not contain any hydrophilic regions. 
B)  They are embedded in the phospholipid bilayer. 
C)  They are able to move freely within the plasma membrane. 
D)  Their charged regions interact with other proteins or with phospholipids. 
E)  Their hydrophobic side chains interact with the lipid bilayer.

Question 5

Secondary active transport occurs in the small intestine, where the uptake of glucose is coupled to the transport of sodium ions into the cells lining this organ.This type of transport system is called

Accepted Answer

A)  a uniporter. 
B)  a symporter. 
C)  an exchange channel. 
D)  diffusion. 
E)  an antiporter. 
A)  a uniporter. 
B)  a symporter. 
C)  an exchange channel. 
D)  diffusion. 
E)  an antiporter.

Question 6

The hydrophilic regions of a membrane protein would most likely be found

Accepted Answer

A)  only in cell membranes. 
B)  associated with the fatty acid region of the lipids. 
C)  in the interior of the membrane. 
D)  exposed on the surface of the membrane. 
E)  either on the surface or inserted into the interior of the membrane. 
A)  only in cell membranes. 
B)  associated with the fatty acid region of the lipids. 
C)  in the interior of the membrane. 
D)  exposed on the surface of the membrane. 
E)  either on the surface or inserted into the interior of the membrane.

Question 7

Which statement about diffusion is false?

Accepted Answer

A)  Facilitated diffusion does not require ATP. 
B)  Diffusion continues until the molecular concentrations are in equilibrium. 
C)  Molecules move from areas of greater concentration to areas of lesser concentration. 
D)  Diffusion occurs as the result of the random movement of molecules. 
E)  Simple diffusion depends on specific carrier or channel proteins. 
A)  Facilitated diffusion does not require ATP. 
B)  Diffusion continues until the molecular concentrations are in equilibrium. 
C)  Molecules move from areas of greater concentration to areas of lesser concentration. 
D)  Diffusion occurs as the result of the random movement of molecules. 
E)  Simple diffusion depends on specific carrier or channel proteins.

Question 8

Diagram a cell membrane and label the phospholipid bilayer, integral proteins, peripheral proteins, and carbohydrates.Describe the fluid mosaic model with reference to your diagram.

Accepted Answer

@#IMG-DLM& The fluid mosaic model states

Question 9

You are analyzing the transmembrane proteins in cells from a developing mouse embryo and find that there are many integrins in the membrane and also in the cytoplasm.How would you explain their presence in the cytoplasm, given what you know about the roles of integrins?

Accepted Answer

A)  The integrins are removed from the membrane and sent to the cytoplasm to be digested as a source of nutrients. 
B)  Integrins are recycled through the cytoplasm after serving to transport developing cells in the embryo. 
C)  The extracellular matrix is too immature for integrins to attach, so they must stay in the cytoplasm. 
D)  A developing embryo requires additional integrins for the cytoskeleton. 
E)  Integrins are not needed during embryo development and are stored in the cytoplasm for later use. 
A)  The integrins are removed from the membrane and sent to the cytoplasm to be digested as a source of nutrients. 
B)  Integrins are recycled through the cytoplasm after serving to transport developing cells in the embryo. 
C)  The extracellular matrix is too immature for integrins to attach, so they must stay in the cytoplasm. 
D)  A developing embryo requires additional integrins for the cytoskeleton. 
E)  Integrins are not needed during embryo development and are stored in the cytoplasm for later use.

Question 10

If a hospital patient is mistakenly administered pure water instead of a saline solution that is isotonic to blood during intravenous (IV) therapy, the patient's red blood cells will

Accepted Answer

A)  shrink and collapse. 
B)  release water to the plasma along its concentration gradient. 
C)  absorb water from the plasma and eventually burst. 
D)  allow water to move through protein channels in the cell membrane in both directions. 
E)  lose their function, and the water level in the plasma will be maintained by white blood cells instead. 
A)  shrink and collapse. 
B)  release water to the plasma along its concentration gradient. 
C)  absorb water from the plasma and eventually burst. 
D)  allow water to move through protein channels in the cell membrane in both directions. 
E)  lose their function, and the water level in the plasma will be maintained by white blood cells instead.

Question 11

Refer to the figure below, which is being created to illustrate secondary active transport.   What is missing from the figure?

Accepted Answer

A)  A concentration gradient 
B)  A coupled transporter sensitive to a concentration gradient 
C)  A coupled transporter acting to create a concentration gradient 
D)  A source of energy for glucose transport 
E)  A source of energy for sodium ion transport 
A)  A concentration gradient 
B)  A coupled transporter sensitive to a concentration gradient 
C)  A coupled transporter acting to create a concentration gradient 
D)  A source of energy for glucose transport 
E)  A source of energy for sodium ion transport

Question 12

Refer to the figure below.   The figure illustrates how membrane proteins called _______ that are present in cell 2 bind to membrane proteins in cell 1.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Refer to the figure below.  ...

Question 13

How do the cell membranes of a hibernating animal change in colder temperatures?

Accepted Answer

A)  Cholesterol content is increased. 
B)  Saturated fatty acids are more tightly packed. 
C)  Integral membrane proteins increase in number. 
D)  Unsaturated fatty acids make up more of the lipid composition. 
E)  Fatty acids with longer tails increase in number. 
A)  Cholesterol content is increased. 
B)  Saturated fatty acids are more tightly packed. 
C)  Integral membrane proteins increase in number. 
D)  Unsaturated fatty acids make up more of the lipid composition. 
E)  Fatty acids with longer tails increase in number.

Question 14

Integrin can bind with the extracellular matrix and aid in the adhesion of animal cells.However, this binding is reversible, allowing integrin to be released.This reversible binding facilitates

Accepted Answer

A)  cell adhesion specificity. 
B)  cell adhesion strength. 
C)  cell-cell recognition capability. 
D)  cell transport capability. 
E)  cell-cell passage of dissolved materials. 
A)  cell adhesion specificity. 
B)  cell adhesion strength. 
C)  cell-cell recognition capability. 
D)  cell transport capability. 
E)  cell-cell passage of dissolved materials.

Question 15

Persons with the inherited disease familial hypercholesterolemia have very high levels of cholesterol because of

Accepted Answer

A)  an inability of the liver to release cholesterol into the blood. 
B)  the inability of liver cells to produce cholesterol. 
C)  a lack of LDL receptors in the liver. 
D)  a lack of lysosomes in liver cells. 
E)  a deficiency of clathrin-coated vesicles in liver cells. 
A)  an inability of the liver to release cholesterol into the blood. 
B)  the inability of liver cells to produce cholesterol. 
C)  a lack of LDL receptors in the liver. 
D)  a lack of lysosomes in liver cells. 
E)  a deficiency of clathrin-coated vesicles in liver cells.

Question 16

If a cell placed within a solution shrinks in volume, the solution is _______ relative to the cell.

Accepted Answer

The answer of If a cell placed within a solution...

Question 17

The cells of the intestinal epithelium are linked together in order to prevent substances from passing between them.The type of cell junction linking these cells is called a(n) _______.

Accepted Answer

The answer of The cells of the intestinal epithelium are...

Question 18

The LDL receptor is an integral membrane protein that extends both outside and into the interior of the cell.The amino acid side chains (R groups) in the region of the protein that crosses the membrane are most likely

Accepted Answer

A)  polar. 
B)  hydrophilic. 
C)  hydrophobic. 
D)  carbohydrates. 
E)  lipids. 
A)  polar. 
B)  hydrophilic. 
C)  hydrophobic. 
D)  carbohydrates. 
E)  lipids.

Question 19

One student mentioned to another that the fluidity of a cell membrane can be changed by changing the membrane's lipid composition.The second student expressed doubt about this claim.What evidence could the first student find in a research journal to support his claim?

Accepted Answer

A)  A comparison of lipid compositions of membranes in different cells within the same organism 
B)  An analysis of the change in fatty acid compositions of liver cell membranes in juvenile fish as they mature into adults 
C)  Results from cell fusion experiments between the same two cells that measure diffusion rates of different membrane proteins 
D)  Measurement of diffusion rates of the same protein in cell membranes containing different percentages of saturated and unsaturated fatty acids 
E)  An analysis of the saturated and unsaturated fatty acid content in membranes of skin cells from a single population of cane toads 
A)  A comparison of lipid compositions of membranes in different cells within the same organism 
B)  An analysis of the change in fatty acid compositions of liver cell membranes in juvenile fish as they mature into adults 
C)  Results from cell fusion experiments between the same two cells that measure diffusion rates of different membrane proteins 
D)  Measurement of diffusion rates of the same protein in cell membranes containing different percentages of saturated and unsaturated fatty acids 
E)  An analysis of the saturated and unsaturated fatty acid content in membranes of skin cells from a single population of cane toads

Question 20

Which type of molecule can function as a recognition signal for interactions between cells?

Accepted Answer

A)  RNA 
B)  Phospholipids 
C)  Cholesterol 
D)  Fatty acids 
E)  Glycolipids 
A)  RNA 
B)  Phospholipids 
C)  Cholesterol 
D)  Fatty acids 
E)  Glycolipids

Exam 6: Cell Membranes

The process of diffusion leads to

Refer to the figure below, in which the interaction of two substances controls cell movement. What are these substances?

Refer to the figure below. According to the graph, as the number of glucose molecules increases, the rate of diffusion across a membrane

Membrane proteins are asymmetrically distributed according to the function of the membrane and its lipid composition.Which statement about peripheral membrane proteins is true?

Secondary active transport occurs in the small intestine, where the uptake of glucose is coupled to the transport of sodium ions into the cells lining this organ.This type of transport system is called

The hydrophilic regions of a membrane protein would most likely be found

Which statement about diffusion is false?

Diagram a cell membrane and label the phospholipid bilayer, integral proteins, peripheral proteins, and carbohydrates.Describe the fluid mosaic model with reference to your diagram.

You are analyzing the transmembrane proteins in cells from a developing mouse embryo and find that there are many integrins in the membrane and also in the cytoplasm.How would you explain their presence in the cytoplasm, given what you know about the roles of integrins?

If a hospital patient is mistakenly administered pure water instead of a saline solution that is isotonic to blood during intravenous (IV) therapy, the patient's red blood cells will

Refer to the figure below, which is being created to illustrate secondary active transport. What is missing from the figure?

Refer to the figure below. The figure illustrates how membrane proteins called _______ that are present in cell 2 bind to membrane proteins in cell 1.

How do the cell membranes of a hibernating animal change in colder temperatures?

Integrin can bind with the extracellular matrix and aid in the adhesion of animal cells.However, this binding is reversible, allowing integrin to be released.This reversible binding facilitates

Persons with the inherited disease familial hypercholesterolemia have very high levels of cholesterol because of

If a cell placed within a solution shrinks in volume, the solution is _______ relative to the cell.

The cells of the intestinal epithelium are linked together in order to prevent substances from passing between them.The type of cell junction linking these cells is called a(n) _______.

The LDL receptor is an integral membrane protein that extends both outside and into the interior of the cell.The amino acid side chains (R groups) in the region of the protein that crosses the membrane are most likely

One student mentioned to another that the fluidity of a cell membrane can be changed by changing the membrane's lipid composition.The second student expressed doubt about this claim.What evidence could the first student find in a research journal to support his claim?

Which type of molecule can function as a recognition signal for interactions between cells?

Studying Life

Small Molecules and the Chemistry of Life

Proteins, Carbohydrates, and Lipids

Nucleic Acids and the Origin of Life

Cells: the Working Units of Life

Cell Communication and Multicellularity

Energy, Enzymes, and Metabolism

Pathways That Harvest Chemical Energy

Photosynthesis: Energy From Sunlight

The Cell Cycle and Cell Division

Inheritance, Genes, and Chromosomes

Dna and Its Role in Heredity

From Dna to Protein: Gene Expression

Gene Mutation and Molecular Medicine

Regulation of Gene Expression

Genomes

Recombinant Dna and Biotechnology

Mechanisms of Evolution

Reconstructing and Using Phylogenies

Speciation

Evolution of Genes and Genomes

The History of Life on Earth

Bacteria, Archaea, and Viruses

The Origin and Diversification of Eukaryotes

Plants Without Seeds: From Water to Land

The Evolution of Seed Plants

The Evolution and Diversity of Fungi

Animal Origins and the Evolution of Body Plans

Protostome Animals

Deuterostome Animals

The Plant Body

Transport in Plants

Plant Nutrition

Regulation of Plant Growth

Reproduction in Flowering Plants

Plant Responses to Environmental Challenges

Physiology, Homeostasis, and Temperature Regulation

Animal Hormones

Immunology: Animal Defense Systems

Animal Reproduction

Animal Development

Neurons, Glia, and Nervous Systems

Sensory Systems

The Mammalian Nervous System: Structure and Higher Functions

Musculoskeletal Systems

Gas Exchange

Circulatory Systems

Nutrition, Digestion, and Absorption

Salt and Water Balance and Nitrogen Excretion

Animal Behavior

The Physical Environment and Biogeography of Life

Populations

Species Interactions

Communities

Ecosystems

A Changing Biosphere

Filters