Question 1

A 1.0 M solution of HCl has a pH of

Accepted Answer

A)  1.0. 
B)  3.5. 
C)  7.0. 
D)  11.2. 
E)  14.0. 
A)  1.0. 
B)  3.5. 
C)  7.0. 
D)  11.2. 
E)  14.0.

Question 2

H2SO4 can ionize completely to yield two H+ ions and one SO42- ion.H2SO4 is therefore a

Accepted Answer

A)  weak base. 
B)  strong base. 
C)  buffer. 
D)  weak acid. 
E)  strong acid. 
A)  weak base. 
B)  strong base. 
C)  buffer. 
D)  weak acid. 
E)  strong acid.

Question 3

A stable isotope of phosphorus has an atomic number of 15 and an atomic mass of 31.How many neutrons does this isotope of phosphorus have?

Accepted Answer

A)  14 
B)  16 
C)  30 
D)  31 
E)  46 
A)  14 
B)  16 
C)  30 
D)  31 
E)  46

Question 4

Refer to the reaction shown. C3H8 + 5 O2 F1F1F1S1F1F1F10 3 CO2 + 4 H2O + energy
Which statement about the reaction is true?

Accepted Answer

A)  O2 is a product. 
B)  Chemical bonds are conserved during the reaction. 
C)  The same atoms are present before and after the reaction. 
D)  A net input of energy is needed for this reaction. 
E)  The products are similar to the reactants. 
A)  O2 is a product. 
B)  Chemical bonds are conserved during the reaction. 
C)  The same atoms are present before and after the reaction. 
D)  A net input of energy is needed for this reaction. 
E)  The products are similar to the reactants.

Question 5

Which is an instance of van der Waals forces operating in nature?

Accepted Answer

A)  Plants germinating from seeds 
B)  Salt dissolving in water 
C)  Oil separating from water 
D)  Mammalian hearts pumping blood 
E)  Houseflies walking on walls and ceilings 
A)  Plants germinating from seeds 
B)  Salt dissolving in water 
C)  Oil separating from water 
D)  Mammalian hearts pumping blood 
E)  Houseflies walking on walls and ceilings

Question 6

An atom's electronegativity depends on how many _______ charges it has and on the distance between the _______ and the valence electrons.

Accepted Answer

The answer of An atom's electronegativity depends on how many...

Question 7

A neon atom has a total of ten electrons and is very unreactive.What accounts for this lack of reactivity?

Accepted Answer

A)  Its outermost electron shell is full. 
B)  Ten is an even number of electrons. 
C)  The number of electrons is equal to the number of protons in a neon atom. 
D)  All electrons are paired in a neon atom. 
E)  Neon is a gas. 
A)  Its outermost electron shell is full. 
B)  Ten is an even number of electrons. 
C)  The number of electrons is equal to the number of protons in a neon atom. 
D)  All electrons are paired in a neon atom. 
E)  Neon is a gas.

Question 8

What is the molarity of 14.5 g of NaCl dissolved in water to give a final solution volume of 0.500 liters?

Accepted Answer

A)  0.125 M 
B)  0.250 M 
C)  0.500 M 
D)  0.750 M 
E)  1.00 M 
A)  0.125 M 
B)  0.250 M 
C)  0.500 M 
D)  0.750 M 
E)  1.00 M

Question 9

Refer to the figure below showing part of the periodic table.   What is the name of the element that has an atomic number of 15?

Accepted Answer

The answer of Refer to the figure below showing part...

Question 10

A mole of hydrogen and a mole of carbon have

Accepted Answer

A)  different numbers of molecules. 
B)  fewer hydrogen atoms than carbon atoms. 
C)  the same number of molecules. 
D)  the capacity to form one mole of carbohydrate. 
E)  a different number of molecules than a mole of oxygen. 
A)  different numbers of molecules. 
B)  fewer hydrogen atoms than carbon atoms. 
C)  the same number of molecules. 
D)  the capacity to form one mole of carbohydrate. 
E)  a different number of molecules than a mole of oxygen.

Question 11

Phosphate ion has the structure PO43−.This ion is reversibly added to and removed from many different protein molecules in the cell as a means of regulating the proteins' functions.Water's solvent properties are important in understanding the modification of proteins by phosphate ion because

Accepted Answer

A)  biochemists use water as the solvent in laboratory experiments aimed at mimicking the internal workings of a cell. 
B)  when proteins are removed from cells and placed in solvents from the lab, their functions change. 
C)  the external cell environment is composed of water, and many signaling molecules move through aqueous environments to bind to receptors on cell surfaces. 
D)  the internal cell environment is composed of water, and all cellular reactions occur within this aqueous solvent. 
E)  the phosphate ion has different solubilities in different solvents. 
A)  biochemists use water as the solvent in laboratory experiments aimed at mimicking the internal workings of a cell. 
B)  when proteins are removed from cells and placed in solvents from the lab, their functions change. 
C)  the external cell environment is composed of water, and many signaling molecules move through aqueous environments to bind to receptors on cell surfaces. 
D)  the internal cell environment is composed of water, and all cellular reactions occur within this aqueous solvent. 
E)  the phosphate ion has different solubilities in different solvents.

Question 12

Refer to the figure below.   The figure shows the molecular structure of carbon dioxide.Carbon dioxide is nonpolar, whereas water is polar.Which of the true statements below explains these differences?

Accepted Answer

A)  Carbon dioxide does not contain any polar covalent bonds, whereas water does. 
B)  Carbon dioxide contains only double bonds, whereas water contains only single bonds. 
C)  Carbon dioxide is a linear molecule, whereas water has a bent shape. 
D)  Carbon dioxide contains carbon atoms, whereas water does not. 
E)  Carbon and oxygen do not differ greatly in electronegativity, whereas hydrogen and oxygen do. 
A)  Carbon dioxide does not contain any polar covalent bonds, whereas water does. 
B)  Carbon dioxide contains only double bonds, whereas water contains only single bonds. 
C)  Carbon dioxide is a linear molecule, whereas water has a bent shape. 
D)  Carbon dioxide contains carbon atoms, whereas water does not. 
E)  Carbon and oxygen do not differ greatly in electronegativity, whereas hydrogen and oxygen do.

Question 13

Refer to the table below.   Which statement about the atoms in the table is accurate?

Accepted Answer

A)  Atom 1 and atom 2 are isotopes of the same element. 
B)  Atom 1 and atom 4 have the same number of electrons in their outer shells. 
C)  Atom 3 and atom 4 have the same number of neutrons in their nuclei. 
D)  Atom 2 and atom 3 differ by six neutrons in their nuclei. 
E)  Atom 1 and atom 4 gain stability when they each lose one electron. 
A)  Atom 1 and atom 2 are isotopes of the same element. 
B)  Atom 1 and atom 4 have the same number of electrons in their outer shells. 
C)  Atom 3 and atom 4 have the same number of neutrons in their nuclei. 
D)  Atom 2 and atom 3 differ by six neutrons in their nuclei. 
E)  Atom 1 and atom 4 gain stability when they each lose one electron.

Question 14

Which compound is expected to have a heat capacity per mole most similar to that of water?

Accepted Answer

A)    
B)    
C)    
D)    
E)    
A)    
B)    
C)    
D)    
E)

Question 15

A fish swimming in a shallow pool of water on a hot summer day has a certain amount of protection from becoming too warm.This happens because a large amount of heat energy goes into breaking the _______ between water molecules before additional energy goes into raising the water temperature.

Accepted Answer

The answer of A fish swimming in a shallow pool...

Question 16

Refer to the figure below.   Explain how this reaction obeys the law of conservation of matter.

Accepted Answer

The equation is balanced with an equal n

Question 17

The tendency of atoms in stable molecules to have eight electrons in their outermost shells is known as the _______.

Accepted Answer

The answer of The tendency of atoms in stable molecules...

Question 18

Which statement is false?

Accepted Answer

A)  Covalent bonds can be polar or nonpolar depending on whether the atoms in the bond share electrons equally or unequally. 
B)  Hydrogen bonds form between or within molecules. 
C)  Ionic attractions and hydrogen bonds are noncovalent interactions involving differences in charge. 
D)  van der Waals forces are so weak that they have no significant importance in molecular interactions. 
E)  Hydrophobic molecules tend to aggregate together. 
A)  Covalent bonds can be polar or nonpolar depending on whether the atoms in the bond share electrons equally or unequally. 
B)  Hydrogen bonds form between or within molecules. 
C)  Ionic attractions and hydrogen bonds are noncovalent interactions involving differences in charge. 
D)  van der Waals forces are so weak that they have no significant importance in molecular interactions. 
E)  Hydrophobic molecules tend to aggregate together.

Question 19

What type of chemical bond connects the two carbon atoms in the molecule shown below?

Accepted Answer

A)  Nonpolar covalent bond 
B)  Asymmetric bond 
C)  Polar covalent bond 
D)  Hydrogen bond 
E)  Double covalent bond 
A)  Nonpolar covalent bond 
B)  Asymmetric bond 
C)  Polar covalent bond 
D)  Hydrogen bond 
E)  Double covalent bond

Question 20

Refer to the chemical equation below.
2 H2O + 572 kJ F1F1F1S1F1F1F10F1F1F1S1F1F1F10 2 H2 + O2
According to the law of _______, the sum of the bond energies in 2 moles of water plus 572 kJ equals the sum of the bond energies in 2 moles of hydrogen gas and 1 mole of oxygen gas.

Accepted Answer

conservati

Exam 2: Small Molecules and the Chemistry of Life

A 1.0 M solution of HCl has a pH of

H2SO4 can ionize completely to yield two H+ ions and one SO42- ion.H2SO4 is therefore a

A stable isotope of phosphorus has an atomic number of 15 and an atomic mass of 31.How many neutrons does this isotope of phosphorus have?

Refer to the reaction shown. C3H8 + 5 O2  3 CO2 + 4 H2O + energy Which statement about the reaction is true?

Which is an instance of van der Waals forces operating in nature?

An atom's electronegativity depends on how many _______ charges it has and on the distance between the _______ and the valence electrons.

A neon atom has a total of ten electrons and is very unreactive.What accounts for this lack of reactivity?

What is the molarity of 14.5 g of NaCl dissolved in water to give a final solution volume of 0.500 liters?

Refer to the figure below showing part of the periodic table. What is the name of the element that has an atomic number of 15?

A mole of hydrogen and a mole of carbon have

Phosphate ion has the structure PO43−.This ion is reversibly added to and removed from many different protein molecules in the cell as a means of regulating the proteins' functions.Water's solvent properties are important in understanding the modification of proteins by phosphate ion because

Refer to the figure below. The figure shows the molecular structure of carbon dioxide.Carbon dioxide is nonpolar, whereas water is polar.Which of the true statements below explains these differences?

Refer to the table below. Which statement about the atoms in the table is accurate?

Which compound is expected to have a heat capacity per mole most similar to that of water?

A fish swimming in a shallow pool of water on a hot summer day has a certain amount of protection from becoming too warm.This happens because a large amount of heat energy goes into breaking the _______ between water molecules before additional energy goes into raising the water temperature.

Refer to the figure below. Explain how this reaction obeys the law of conservation of matter.

The tendency of atoms in stable molecules to have eight electrons in their outermost shells is known as the _______.

Which statement is false?

What type of chemical bond connects the two carbon atoms in the molecule shown below?

Refer to the chemical equation below. 2 H2O + 572 kJ  2 H2 + O2 According to the law of _______, the sum of the bond energies in 2 moles of water plus 572 kJ equals the sum of the bond energies in 2 moles of hydrogen gas and 1 mole of oxygen gas.

Studying Life

Proteins, Carbohydrates, and Lipids

Nucleic Acids and the Origin of Life

Cells: the Working Units of Life

Cell Membranes

Cell Communication and Multicellularity

Energy, Enzymes, and Metabolism

Pathways That Harvest Chemical Energy

Photosynthesis: Energy From Sunlight

The Cell Cycle and Cell Division

Inheritance, Genes, and Chromosomes

Dna and Its Role in Heredity

From Dna to Protein: Gene Expression

Gene Mutation and Molecular Medicine

Regulation of Gene Expression

Genomes

Recombinant Dna and Biotechnology

Mechanisms of Evolution

Reconstructing and Using Phylogenies

Speciation

Evolution of Genes and Genomes

The History of Life on Earth

Bacteria, Archaea, and Viruses

The Origin and Diversification of Eukaryotes

Plants Without Seeds: From Water to Land

The Evolution of Seed Plants

The Evolution and Diversity of Fungi

Animal Origins and the Evolution of Body Plans

Protostome Animals

Deuterostome Animals

The Plant Body

Transport in Plants

Plant Nutrition

Regulation of Plant Growth

Reproduction in Flowering Plants

Plant Responses to Environmental Challenges

Physiology, Homeostasis, and Temperature Regulation

Animal Hormones

Immunology: Animal Defense Systems

Animal Reproduction

Animal Development

Neurons, Glia, and Nervous Systems

Sensory Systems

The Mammalian Nervous System: Structure and Higher Functions

Musculoskeletal Systems

Gas Exchange

Circulatory Systems

Nutrition, Digestion, and Absorption

Salt and Water Balance and Nitrogen Excretion

Animal Behavior

The Physical Environment and Biogeography of Life

Populations

Species Interactions

Communities

Ecosystems

A Changing Biosphere

Filters

H₂SO₄ can ionize completely to yield two H⁺ ions and one SO₄^2- ion.H₂SO₄ is therefore a

Refer to the reaction shown. C₃H₈ + 5 O₂  3 CO₂ + 4 H₂O + energy Which statement about the reaction is true?

An atom's electronegativity depends on how many _ charges it has and on the distance between the _ and the valence electrons.

Phosphate ion has the structure PO₄³⁻.This ion is reversibly added to and removed from many different protein molecules in the cell as a means of regulating the proteins' functions.Water's solvent properties are important in understanding the modification of proteins by phosphate ion because

Refer to the chemical equation below. 2 H₂O + 572 kJ  2 H₂ + O₂ According to the law of _______, the sum of the bond energies in 2 moles of water plus 572 kJ equals the sum of the bond energies in 2 moles of hydrogen gas and 1 mole of oxygen gas.