Question 1

Mammalian semen is made up primarily of

Accepted Answer

A)  seminal fluid. 
B)  Sertoli cells, which provide nutrients for the sperm. 
C)  alkaline secretions from the prostate gland. 
D)  sperm. 
E)  fibrinogen. 
A)  seminal fluid. 
B)  Sertoli cells, which provide nutrients for the sperm. 
C)  alkaline secretions from the prostate gland. 
D)  sperm. 
E)  fibrinogen.

Question 2

Budding and regeneration both

Accepted Answer

A)  can lead to the production of a new individual through mitotic growth. 
B)  use meiosis to replace lost tissue. 
C)  can lead to the production of a new individual through meiotic growth. 
D)  serve as a trigger for the sexual phase of reproduction. 
E)  are restricted to simple multicellular animals. 
A)  can lead to the production of a new individual through mitotic growth. 
B)  use meiosis to replace lost tissue. 
C)  can lead to the production of a new individual through meiotic growth. 
D)  serve as a trigger for the sexual phase of reproduction. 
E)  are restricted to simple multicellular animals.

Question 3

In the mammalian ovary, granulosa cells of the follicle produce inhibin, which makes them similar to

Accepted Answer

A)  thecal cells of the follicle. 
B)  Leydig cells in the testes of males. 
C)  endometrial cells. 
D)  Sertoli cells in the testes of males. 
E)  cells of the corpus luteum. 
A)  thecal cells of the follicle. 
B)  Leydig cells in the testes of males. 
C)  endometrial cells. 
D)  Sertoli cells in the testes of males. 
E)  cells of the corpus luteum.

Question 4

Refer to the figure showing the human female reproductive tract.   Name the structures labeled 1, 2, 4, 5, and 7.Then pair each structure with the particular birth control method that acts (or is applied) at that site: diaphragm, tubal ligation, Mifepristone (RU-486), spermicidal jelly, the pill.

Accepted Answer

1. Vagina-spermicidal jelly
2.

Question 5

Injections of a synthetic form of _______ will induce labor in a pregnant woman.

Accepted Answer

A)  estrogen 
B)  human chorionic gonadotropin 
C)  progesterone 
D)  oxytocin 
E)  prolactin 
A)  estrogen 
B)  human chorionic gonadotropin 
C)  progesterone 
D)  oxytocin 
E)  prolactin

Question 6

Which statement about sperm is true?

Accepted Answer

A)  Species-specific recognition molecules that mediate interactions between egg and sperm are important primarily in species with internal fertilization. 
B)  Sea urchin sperm respond to peptides from eggs of the same species by swimming down the concentration gradient of the released peptide (from higher concentration to lower). 
C)  Sea urchin sperm first penetrate the vitelline envelope and then the jelly coat surrounding the egg to reach the plasma membrane of the egg. 
D)  The acrosome, found in the tail of the sperm, helps propel the sperm forward. 
E)  Sea urchin eggs produce species-specific peptides that bind to sperm, causing increased activity and mitochondrial respiration. 
A)  Species-specific recognition molecules that mediate interactions between egg and sperm are important primarily in species with internal fertilization. 
B)  Sea urchin sperm respond to peptides from eggs of the same species by swimming down the concentration gradient of the released peptide (from higher concentration to lower). 
C)  Sea urchin sperm first penetrate the vitelline envelope and then the jelly coat surrounding the egg to reach the plasma membrane of the egg. 
D)  The acrosome, found in the tail of the sperm, helps propel the sperm forward. 
E)  Sea urchin eggs produce species-specific peptides that bind to sperm, causing increased activity and mitochondrial respiration.

Question 7

Failure of the testes to descend from the abdomen into the _______ around the time of birth is a condition referred to as cryptorchidism, meaning "hidden testicle."

Accepted Answer

The answer of Failure of the testes to descend from...

Question 8

Pregnant women are more likely to go into labor during the night than in the daytime.This may be due to

Accepted Answer

A)  a drop in melatonin levels during the night. 
B)  secretion of melatonin from the pineal gland. 
C)  oxytocin blocking melatonin release. 
D)  melatonin blocking oxytocin release. 
E)  oxytocin inhibiting secretions from the posterior pituitary. 
A)  a drop in melatonin levels during the night. 
B)  secretion of melatonin from the pineal gland. 
C)  oxytocin blocking melatonin release. 
D)  melatonin blocking oxytocin release. 
E)  oxytocin inhibiting secretions from the posterior pituitary.

Question 9

Which contraceptive method is an implantation blocker?

Accepted Answer

A)  Spermicidal jelly 
B)  Vasectomy 
C)  Intrauterine device (IU
D)  
D)  Diaphragm 
E)  Tubal ligation 
A)  Spermicidal jelly 
B)  Vasectomy 
C)  Intrauterine device (IU
D)  
D)  Diaphragm 
E)  Tubal ligation

Question 10

Which structure in human females is homologous to the glans penis in human males?

Accepted Answer

A)  Clitoris 
B)  Labia minora 
C)  Labia majora 
D)  Vagina 
E)  Cervix 
A)  Clitoris 
B)  Labia minora 
C)  Labia majora 
D)  Vagina 
E)  Cervix

Question 11

A woman develops a somatic mutation that prevents the thecal cells in one of her ovaries from producing testosterone.The most likely result of this mutation is that the

Accepted Answer

A)  granulosa cells in the affected ovary will cause multiple follicles to mature simultaneously. 
B)  follicles in the affected ovary will be incapable of maturing and releasing oocytes. 
C)  granulosa cells in the affected ovary will produce a greater amount of estrogen than normal. 
D)  woman will ovulate multiple eggs during each ovarian cycle. 
E)  woman will have only anovulatory (non-ovulatory) cycles and will therefore be infertile. 
A)  granulosa cells in the affected ovary will cause multiple follicles to mature simultaneously. 
B)  follicles in the affected ovary will be incapable of maturing and releasing oocytes. 
C)  granulosa cells in the affected ovary will produce a greater amount of estrogen than normal. 
D)  woman will ovulate multiple eggs during each ovarian cycle. 
E)  woman will have only anovulatory (non-ovulatory) cycles and will therefore be infertile.

Question 12

Which structures would be found in an adult human ovary?

Accepted Answer

A)  Oogonia and ootids 
B)  Primary oocytes and secondary oocytes 
C)  First polar body and second polar body 
D)  Oocytes and ootids 
E)  Cytoplasmic bridges between oocytes 
A)  Oogonia and ootids 
B)  Primary oocytes and secondary oocytes 
C)  First polar body and second polar body 
D)  Oocytes and ootids 
E)  Cytoplasmic bridges between oocytes

Question 13

Which statement about fertilization is true?

Accepted Answer

A)  Some amniotes have external fertilization. 
B)  All fish have external fertilization. 
C)  All amniotes have accessory sex organs. 
D)  Lampreys and hagfishes display internal fertilization. 
E)  Fertilization in amniotes occurs after the eggshell has formed. 
A)  Some amniotes have external fertilization. 
B)  All fish have external fertilization. 
C)  All amniotes have accessory sex organs. 
D)  Lampreys and hagfishes display internal fertilization. 
E)  Fertilization in amniotes occurs after the eggshell has formed.

Question 14

Which statement about asexual reproduction is true?

Accepted Answer

A)  It must involve meiosis but not fertilization. 
B)  Males of an asexually reproducing population are necessarily diploid. 
C)  It allows single individuals to produce offspring. 
D)  It allows for the generation of genetic diversity in changing environments. 
E)  Offspring are always diploid. 
A)  It must involve meiosis but not fertilization. 
B)  Males of an asexually reproducing population are necessarily diploid. 
C)  It allows single individuals to produce offspring. 
D)  It allows for the generation of genetic diversity in changing environments. 
E)  Offspring are always diploid.

Question 15

In mammals, the species-specific mechanism by which egg and sperm recognize one another is found in the _______.

Accepted Answer

The answer of In mammals, the species-specific mechanism by which...

Question 16

Which group of vertebrates includes some species that display internal fertilization without copulation?

Accepted Answer

A)  Bony fishes 
B)  Cartilaginous fishes 
C)  Frogs 
D)  Salamanders 
E)  Birds 
A)  Bony fishes 
B)  Cartilaginous fishes 
C)  Frogs 
D)  Salamanders 
E)  Birds

Question 17

Testosterone can fuel prostate cancer.Which approach might be included in treatments designed to lower testosterone in a patient with advanced prostate cancer?

Accepted Answer

A)  Blocking luteinizing hormone (LH) 
B)  Increasing numbers of Leydig cells with growth factors 
C)  Treating with gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH) 
D)  Treating with an antagonist to follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH) 
E)  Cutting and tying off the vas deferens associated with each testis 
A)  Blocking luteinizing hormone (LH) 
B)  Increasing numbers of Leydig cells with growth factors 
C)  Treating with gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH) 
D)  Treating with an antagonist to follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH) 
E)  Cutting and tying off the vas deferens associated with each testis

Question 18

Which is the most likely advantage of hermaphroditism?

Accepted Answer

A)  For a given species, every organism is a potential mate. 
B)  Compared to reproduction in dioecious species, simpler behavior patterns are required for mate selection. 
C)  More rapid reproduction of genetically successful individuals is possible through asexual reproduction compared to sexual reproduction. 
D)  Complex hormonal control and feedback mechanisms are not required for reproduction. 
E)  Complex primary sex organs are not required. 
A)  For a given species, every organism is a potential mate. 
B)  Compared to reproduction in dioecious species, simpler behavior patterns are required for mate selection. 
C)  More rapid reproduction of genetically successful individuals is possible through asexual reproduction compared to sexual reproduction. 
D)  Complex hormonal control and feedback mechanisms are not required for reproduction. 
E)  Complex primary sex organs are not required.

Question 19

Which feature characterizes parthenogenetic whiptail lizards?

Accepted Answer

A)  Only the largest individuals of the population function as females. 
B)  They switch to sexual reproduction with changes in the environment. 
C)  They behave as females when progesterone levels are high. 
D)  Stimulation from sexual activity triggers ovulation. 
E)  They behave as males when estrogen levels are high. 
A)  Only the largest individuals of the population function as females. 
B)  They switch to sexual reproduction with changes in the environment. 
C)  They behave as females when progesterone levels are high. 
D)  Stimulation from sexual activity triggers ovulation. 
E)  They behave as males when estrogen levels are high.

Question 20

Which statement about sea urchin fertilization is true?

Accepted Answer

A)  The bindin in the egg jelly causes the acrosome reaction. 
B)  Bindin attaches to receptors on the egg's cell membrane. 
C)  The acrosomal reaction helps sperm penetrate protective layers around the egg. 
D)  Activation of the sperm is species-specific but triggering the acrosomal reaction is not species-specific. 
E)  Enzymes from the egg's cortical granules trigger the fast block to polyspermy. 
A)  The bindin in the egg jelly causes the acrosome reaction. 
B)  Bindin attaches to receptors on the egg's cell membrane. 
C)  The acrosomal reaction helps sperm penetrate protective layers around the egg. 
D)  Activation of the sperm is species-specific but triggering the acrosomal reaction is not species-specific. 
E)  Enzymes from the egg's cortical granules trigger the fast block to polyspermy.

Exam 42: Animal Reproduction

Mammalian semen is made up primarily of

Budding and regeneration both

In the mammalian ovary, granulosa cells of the follicle produce inhibin, which makes them similar to

Refer to the figure showing the human female reproductive tract. Name the structures labeled 1, 2, 4, 5, and 7.Then pair each structure with the particular birth control method that acts (or is applied) at that site: diaphragm, tubal ligation, Mifepristone (RU-486), spermicidal jelly, the pill.

Injections of a synthetic form of _______ will induce labor in a pregnant woman.

Which statement about sperm is true?

Failure of the testes to descend from the abdomen into the _______ around the time of birth is a condition referred to as cryptorchidism, meaning "hidden testicle."

Pregnant women are more likely to go into labor during the night than in the daytime.This may be due to

Which contraceptive method is an implantation blocker?

Which structure in human females is homologous to the glans penis in human males?

A woman develops a somatic mutation that prevents the thecal cells in one of her ovaries from producing testosterone.The most likely result of this mutation is that the

Which structures would be found in an adult human ovary?

Which statement about fertilization is true?

Which statement about asexual reproduction is true?

In mammals, the species-specific mechanism by which egg and sperm recognize one another is found in the _______.

Which group of vertebrates includes some species that display internal fertilization without copulation?

Testosterone can fuel prostate cancer.Which approach might be included in treatments designed to lower testosterone in a patient with advanced prostate cancer?

Which is the most likely advantage of hermaphroditism?

Which feature characterizes parthenogenetic whiptail lizards?

Which statement about sea urchin fertilization is true?

Studying Life

Small Molecules and the Chemistry of Life

Proteins, Carbohydrates, and Lipids

Nucleic Acids and the Origin of Life

Cells: the Working Units of Life

Cell Membranes

Cell Communication and Multicellularity

Energy, Enzymes, and Metabolism

Pathways That Harvest Chemical Energy

Photosynthesis: Energy From Sunlight

The Cell Cycle and Cell Division

Inheritance, Genes, and Chromosomes

Dna and Its Role in Heredity

From Dna to Protein: Gene Expression

Gene Mutation and Molecular Medicine

Regulation of Gene Expression

Genomes

Recombinant Dna and Biotechnology

Mechanisms of Evolution

Reconstructing and Using Phylogenies

Speciation

Evolution of Genes and Genomes

The History of Life on Earth

Bacteria, Archaea, and Viruses

The Origin and Diversification of Eukaryotes

Plants Without Seeds: From Water to Land

The Evolution of Seed Plants

The Evolution and Diversity of Fungi

Animal Origins and the Evolution of Body Plans

Protostome Animals

Deuterostome Animals

The Plant Body

Transport in Plants

Plant Nutrition

Regulation of Plant Growth

Reproduction in Flowering Plants

Plant Responses to Environmental Challenges

Physiology, Homeostasis, and Temperature Regulation

Animal Hormones

Immunology: Animal Defense Systems

Animal Development

Neurons, Glia, and Nervous Systems

Sensory Systems

The Mammalian Nervous System: Structure and Higher Functions

Musculoskeletal Systems

Gas Exchange

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Salt and Water Balance and Nitrogen Excretion

Animal Behavior

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