Question 1

The movement of plates arises from heat generated by _______ coming from the _______.

Accepted Answer

A)  chemical reactions; lithosphere 
B)  chemical reactions; mantle 
C)  radioactive decay; lithosphere 
D)  radioactive decay; mantle 
E)  solar energy; lithosphere 
A)  chemical reactions; lithosphere 
B)  chemical reactions; mantle 
C)  radioactive decay; lithosphere 
D)  radioactive decay; mantle 
E)  solar energy; lithosphere

Question 2

Which group of organisms has been most affected by periods of increased glaciations?

Accepted Answer

A)  Autotrophs 
B)  Land mammals 
C)  Humans 
D)  Marine life 
E)  Land plants 
A)  Autotrophs 
B)  Land mammals 
C)  Humans 
D)  Marine life 
E)  Land plants

Question 3

Relative to the number of described species that are currently alive on Earth, there are about _______ as many described fossil species.As a result, scientists conclude that many species have evolved and gone extinct without being documented.

Accepted Answer

A)  1/100 
B)  1/6 
C)  twice 
D)  six times 
E)  one hundred times 
A)  1/100 
B)  1/6 
C)  twice 
D)  six times 
E)  one hundred times

Question 4

In what way was the evolution of eukaryotic cells linked to the increase in the oxygen concentration in the atmosphere that occurred during the Precambrian?

Accepted Answer

Small prokaryotic cells can obtain enoug

Question 5

At the end of the Permian, populations of organisms likely be the most vulnerable to changing climatic conditions

Accepted Answer

A)  near the equator. 
B)  at low latitudes. 
C)  at low elevations. 
D)  at high elevations. 
E)  in the deep oceans. 
A)  near the equator. 
B)  at low latitudes. 
C)  at low elevations. 
D)  at high elevations. 
E)  in the deep oceans.

Question 6

Refer to the figure.   The figure depicts a layer of iridium at the Cretaceous-Tertiary (K/T) boundary between strata from two different periods in Earth's history.The only _______ fossils found above the K/T boundary are those of birds.

Accepted Answer

A)  flying animal 
B)  amniote 
C)  dinosaur 
D)  warm-blooded animal 
E)  Cretaceous 
A)  flying animal 
B)  amniote 
C)  dinosaur 
D)  warm-blooded animal 
E)  Cretaceous

Question 7

The Himalayas were formed

Accepted Answer

A)  by subduction. 
B)  by the gradual accumulation of material. 
C)  when two continental plates pushed up against each other. 
D)  when a continental plate pushed up against an oceanic plate. 
E)  when two oceanic plates pushed up against each other. 
A)  by subduction. 
B)  by the gradual accumulation of material. 
C)  when two continental plates pushed up against each other. 
D)  when a continental plate pushed up against an oceanic plate. 
E)  when two oceanic plates pushed up against each other.

Question 8

Which of the following is not considered a plausible hypothesis for the causes of mass extinctions?

Accepted Answer

A)  Extraterrestrial events, such as meteorite or asteroid collisions 
B)  Glaciations 
C)  Massive volcanic activity 
D)  Competition among organisms 
E)  Climate shifts 
A)  Extraterrestrial events, such as meteorite or asteroid collisions 
B)  Glaciations 
C)  Massive volcanic activity 
D)  Competition among organisms 
E)  Climate shifts

Question 9

Which statement about the Cambrian period is true?

Accepted Answer

A)  Multicellular life was probably limited to aquatic environment. 
B)  The first multicellular life appeared. 
C)  It marks the end of the Paleozoic era. 
D)  Oxygen concentrations were extremely low. 
E)  Large land mammals evolved. 
A)  Multicellular life was probably limited to aquatic environment. 
B)  The first multicellular life appeared. 
C)  It marks the end of the Paleozoic era. 
D)  Oxygen concentrations were extremely low. 
E)  Large land mammals evolved.

Question 10

Fruit flies grow larger after several generations of being raised in _______ conditions.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Fruit flies grow larger after several generations...

Question 11

Which of the following gases have opposing effects on Earth's climate?

Accepted Answer

A)  Nitrogen and oxygen 
B)  Nitrogen and carbon dioxide 
C)  Carbon dioxide and sulfur dioxide 
D)  Carbon dioxide and oxygen 
E)  Nitrogen and sulfur dioxide 
A)  Nitrogen and oxygen 
B)  Nitrogen and carbon dioxide 
C)  Carbon dioxide and sulfur dioxide 
D)  Carbon dioxide and oxygen 
E)  Nitrogen and sulfur dioxide

Question 12

Fossils found in lower strata of undisturbed sedimentary rocks are _______ and _______ similar to modern-day organisms than those found in higher strata.

Accepted Answer

A)  younger; more 
B)  younger; less 
C)  the same age as; more 
D)  older; more 
E)  older; less 
A)  younger; more 
B)  younger; less 
C)  the same age as; more 
D)  older; more 
E)  older; less

Question 13

The formation of the single giant continent _______ about 275 million years ago caused massive volcanic eruptions.

Accepted Answer

The answer of The formation of the single giant continent...

Question 14

The diversification of multicellular lineages associated with what has been called "the Cambrian explosion" started _______ the Cambrian period.

Accepted Answer

A)  before 
B)  at the start of 
C)  during the middle of 
D)  toward the end of 
E)  after 
A)  before 
B)  at the start of 
C)  during the middle of 
D)  toward the end of 
E)  after

Question 15

If the half-life of a radioactive substance is 600 years, what fraction of the original material would be left after 1,800 years?

Accepted Answer

A)  1/32 
B)  1/16 
C)  1/8 
D)  1/4 
E)  1/2 
A)  1/32 
B)  1/16 
C)  1/8 
D)  1/4 
E)  1/2

Question 16

Great evolutionary radiations of corals and shelled squid (like cephalopods) occurred during the _______ period.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Great evolutionary radiations of corals and shelled...

Question 17

Which atmospheric gas is most closely associated with an increase in average global temperatures?

Accepted Answer

A)  Carbon dioxide 
B)  Oxygen 
C)  Nitrogen 
D)  Argon 
E)  Hydrogen 
A)  Carbon dioxide 
B)  Oxygen 
C)  Nitrogen 
D)  Argon 
E)  Hydrogen

Question 18

A fossil lies buried in Laurasia during the Jurassic period.During its lifetime as a member of the Permian biota, it would most likely have lived in the _______ part of _______.

Accepted Answer

A)  northern; Pangaea 
B)  southern; Pangaea 
C)  northern; Gondwana 
D)  southern; Gondwana 
E)  northern; Australia 
A)  northern; Pangaea 
B)  southern; Pangaea 
C)  northern; Gondwana 
D)  southern; Gondwana 
E)  northern; Australia

Question 19

The most dramatic mass extinction in Earth's history, which destroyed about 96 percent of the species,

Accepted Answer

A)  killed off the dinosaurs. 
B)  occurred at the end of the Cretaceous. 
C)  occurred at the end of the Permian. 
D)  resulted from a meteorite impact. 
E)  only affected terrestrial animals. 
A)  killed off the dinosaurs. 
B)  occurred at the end of the Cretaceous. 
C)  occurred at the end of the Permian. 
D)  resulted from a meteorite impact. 
E)  only affected terrestrial animals.

Question 20

A group of oxygen-generating bacteria, the _______, form rocklike structures known as stromatolites.

Accepted Answer

The answer of A group of oxygen-generating bacteria, the _______,...

Exam 24: The History of Life on Earth

The movement of plates arises from heat generated by _______ coming from the _______.

Which group of organisms has been most affected by periods of increased glaciations?

Relative to the number of described species that are currently alive on Earth, there are about _______ as many described fossil species.As a result, scientists conclude that many species have evolved and gone extinct without being documented.

In what way was the evolution of eukaryotic cells linked to the increase in the oxygen concentration in the atmosphere that occurred during the Precambrian?

At the end of the Permian, populations of organisms likely be the most vulnerable to changing climatic conditions

Refer to the figure. The figure depicts a layer of iridium at the Cretaceous-Tertiary (K/T) boundary between strata from two different periods in Earth's history.The only _______ fossils found above the K/T boundary are those of birds.

The Himalayas were formed

Which of the following is not considered a plausible hypothesis for the causes of mass extinctions?

Which statement about the Cambrian period is true?

Fruit flies grow larger after several generations of being raised in _______ conditions.

Which of the following gases have opposing effects on Earth's climate?

Fossils found in lower strata of undisturbed sedimentary rocks are _______ and _______ similar to modern-day organisms than those found in higher strata.

The formation of the single giant continent _______ about 275 million years ago caused massive volcanic eruptions.

The diversification of multicellular lineages associated with what has been called "the Cambrian explosion" started _______ the Cambrian period.

If the half-life of a radioactive substance is 600 years, what fraction of the original material would be left after 1,800 years?

Great evolutionary radiations of corals and shelled squid (like cephalopods) occurred during the _______ period.

Which atmospheric gas is most closely associated with an increase in average global temperatures?

A fossil lies buried in Laurasia during the Jurassic period.During its lifetime as a member of the Permian biota, it would most likely have lived in the _______ part of _______.

The most dramatic mass extinction in Earth's history, which destroyed about 96 percent of the species,

A group of oxygen-generating bacteria, the _______, form rocklike structures known as stromatolites.

Studying Life

Small Molecules and the Chemistry of Life

Proteins, Carbohydrates, and Lipids

Nucleic Acids and the Origin of Life

Cells: the Working Units of Life

Cell Membranes

Cell Communication and Multicellularity

Energy, Enzymes, and Metabolism

Pathways That Harvest Chemical Energy

Photosynthesis: Energy From Sunlight

The Cell Cycle and Cell Division

Inheritance, Genes, and Chromosomes

Dna and Its Role in Heredity

From Dna to Protein: Gene Expression

Gene Mutation and Molecular Medicine

Regulation of Gene Expression

Genomes

Recombinant Dna and Biotechnology

Mechanisms of Evolution

Reconstructing and Using Phylogenies

Speciation

Evolution of Genes and Genomes

Bacteria, Archaea, and Viruses

The Origin and Diversification of Eukaryotes

Plants Without Seeds: From Water to Land

The Evolution of Seed Plants

The Evolution and Diversity of Fungi

Animal Origins and the Evolution of Body Plans

Protostome Animals

Deuterostome Animals

The Plant Body

Transport in Plants

Plant Nutrition

Regulation of Plant Growth

Reproduction in Flowering Plants

Plant Responses to Environmental Challenges

Physiology, Homeostasis, and Temperature Regulation

Animal Hormones

Immunology: Animal Defense Systems

Animal Reproduction

Animal Development

Neurons, Glia, and Nervous Systems

Sensory Systems

The Mammalian Nervous System: Structure and Higher Functions

Musculoskeletal Systems

Gas Exchange

Circulatory Systems

Nutrition, Digestion, and Absorption

Salt and Water Balance and Nitrogen Excretion

Animal Behavior

The Physical Environment and Biogeography of Life

Populations

Species Interactions

Communities

Ecosystems

A Changing Biosphere

Filters

The movement of plates arises from heat generated by _ coming from the _.

Fossils found in lower strata of undisturbed sedimentary rocks are _ and _ similar to modern-day organisms than those found in higher strata.

A fossil lies buried in Laurasia during the Jurassic period.During its lifetime as a member of the Permian biota, it would most likely have lived in the _ part of _.