Question 1

What is a cotyledon? What role does it play in the classification of angiosperms into two monophyletic groups?

Accepted Answer

A cotyledon is the first "seed leaf" pro

Question 2

California's almond trees are predominantly pollinated by honeybees.In recent years the honeybee population has dramatically declined.If the honeybee population continues to decline, what will be the likely impact on the state's almond production?

Accepted Answer

A)  Almond yields will remain the same as new pollinators take over the role of the honeybees. 
B)  Almond yields will increase as more pollen becomes available for wind pollination. 
C)  Almond yields will decrease as non-pollinating insects consume the available pollen. 
D)  The cost of almonds will increase because farmers will have to bring bees from across the country to pollinate their trees. 
E)  Almonds will decrease in size but increase in number. 
A)  Almond yields will remain the same as new pollinators take over the role of the honeybees. 
B)  Almond yields will increase as more pollen becomes available for wind pollination. 
C)  Almond yields will decrease as non-pollinating insects consume the available pollen. 
D)  The cost of almonds will increase because farmers will have to bring bees from across the country to pollinate their trees. 
E)  Almonds will decrease in size but increase in number.

Question 3

Though gymnosperms hold the title for tallest as well as longest lived in terms of species representatives, angiosperms have emerged as the dominant group of seed plants on Earth today.Which statement best explains the shift toward angiosperm dominance?

Accepted Answer

A)  Limited specialization of gymnosperm vasculature restricts their ability to adapt to new environments. 
B)  Gymnosperm seeds are less protected than those of angiosperms and are unable to withstand fluctuations in temperature and humidity. 
C)  Gymnosperms are wind pollinated, and the male gametophyte cannot travel great distances. 
D)  Unlike angiosperms, gymnosperms do not produce true fruits and provide little incentive for animals to aid in the dispersal of their seeds. 
E)  The life cycle of gymnosperms is complex, and requires pollinators that are slowly becoming extinct. 
A)  Limited specialization of gymnosperm vasculature restricts their ability to adapt to new environments. 
B)  Gymnosperm seeds are less protected than those of angiosperms and are unable to withstand fluctuations in temperature and humidity. 
C)  Gymnosperms are wind pollinated, and the male gametophyte cannot travel great distances. 
D)  Unlike angiosperms, gymnosperms do not produce true fruits and provide little incentive for animals to aid in the dispersal of their seeds. 
E)  The life cycle of gymnosperms is complex, and requires pollinators that are slowly becoming extinct.

Question 4

In angiosperms, pollen is transferred from the _______ to the _______.

Accepted Answer

A)  anther; style 
B)  filament; ovary 
C)  anther; stigma 
D)  filament; stigma 
E)  anther; ovule 
A)  anther; style 
B)  filament; ovary 
C)  anther; stigma 
D)  filament; stigma 
E)  anther; ovule

Question 5

Refer to the figure.   The woody scales shown protect the megastrobilus and are modified

Accepted Answer

A)  branches. 
B)  leaves. 
C)  roots. 
D)  petals. 
E)  pistils. 
A)  branches. 
B)  leaves. 
C)  roots. 
D)  petals. 
E)  pistils.

Question 6

Which plant or plant-related tissue is not known to be medicinally useful?

Accepted Answer

A)  Japanese mint 
B)  Cycad leaves 
C)  Opium poppy 
D)  Pineapple stem 
E)  Pacific yew 
A)  Japanese mint 
B)  Cycad leaves 
C)  Opium poppy 
D)  Pineapple stem 
E)  Pacific yew

Question 7

What two types of flowers are characteristic of aster family inflorescences?

Accepted Answer

A)  Umbel and spikelet 
B)  Compound umbel and disc 
C)  Ray and disc 
D)  Spikelet and disc 
E)  Ray and compound umbel 
A)  Umbel and spikelet 
B)  Compound umbel and disc 
C)  Ray and disc 
D)  Spikelet and disc 
E)  Ray and compound umbel

Question 8

Which statement about seeds is false?

Accepted Answer

A)  The seed develops on the parent sporophyte. 
B)  The seed contains an embryonic stage of a young sporophyte. 
C)  The seed may contain tissues from three generations. 
D)  Seeds represent a resting stage that may be viable for many years. 
E)  A seed's endosperm is the female gametophyte. 
A)  The seed develops on the parent sporophyte. 
B)  The seed contains an embryonic stage of a young sporophyte. 
C)  The seed may contain tissues from three generations. 
D)  Seeds represent a resting stage that may be viable for many years. 
E)  A seed's endosperm is the female gametophyte.

Question 9

In angiosperms, a viable pollen grain generally has to be delivered to the _______ to develop.

Accepted Answer

A)  stigma 
B)  style 
C)  ovary 
D)  petal 
E)  sepal 
A)  stigma 
B)  style 
C)  ovary 
D)  petal 
E)  sepal

Question 10

Which of the following is a function of the polyploid tissue formed in double fertilization?

Accepted Answer

A)  Developing into an ovule 
B)  Developing into an embryo 
C)  Nourishing the developing gametophyte 
D)  Nourishing the developing sporophyte 
E)  Nourishing the germinating pollen tube 
A)  Developing into an ovule 
B)  Developing into an embryo 
C)  Nourishing the developing gametophyte 
D)  Nourishing the developing sporophyte 
E)  Nourishing the germinating pollen tube

Question 11

How is a perfect flower a kind of "compromise"? In other words, what are the disadvantages of perfect flowers, and under what circumstances would they provide a benefit?

Accepted Answer

Perfect flowers have both male and femal

Question 12

Which term best describes the fruit of an apple tree?

Accepted Answer

A)  Simple 
B)  Triple 
C)  Aggregate 
D)  Accessory 
E)  Multiple 
A)  Simple 
B)  Triple 
C)  Aggregate 
D)  Accessory 
E)  Multiple

Question 13

In angiosperms, two male gametes contained within a single male gametophyte participate in fertilization.One sperm nucleus combines with the egg to produce a diploid zygote, and the other sperm nucleus combines with two other haploid nuclei of the female gametophyte.This process is called

Accepted Answer

A)  biparental inheritance. 
B)  multiple paternity. 
C)  double fertilization. 
D)  dihybrid crossing. 
E)  single fertilization. 
A)  biparental inheritance. 
B)  multiple paternity. 
C)  double fertilization. 
D)  dihybrid crossing. 
E)  single fertilization.

Question 14

In an effort to limit the spread of the Zika virus, pesticides were recently applied in southern Florida to control populations of mosquitoes, which transmit the virus.Unfortunately, this pesticide affects honeybees, which are responsible for pollinating local plants and crops as well.If proper precautions are not taken, what is a possible outcome of this treatment? Explain the reasoning behind your hypothesis.

Accepted Answer

One possible outcome is that because the

Question 15

In seeds, a dormant but viable state is an advantage because it

Accepted Answer

A)  increases species diversity. 
B)  protects embryos during unfavorable conditions. 
C)  prevents herbivores from consuming embryos. 
D)  encourages genetic outcrossing. 
E)  ensures that embryos will survive in perpetuity. 
A)  increases species diversity. 
B)  protects embryos during unfavorable conditions. 
C)  prevents herbivores from consuming embryos. 
D)  encourages genetic outcrossing. 
E)  ensures that embryos will survive in perpetuity.

Question 16

Refer to the figure.   What is the name of the floral parts that collectively make up the calyx? Identify the correct label.

Accepted Answer

A)  Stigma (
A)  
B)  Ovary (
C)  
C)  Ovule (
D)  
D)  Petals (
E)  
E)  Sepals (H) 
A)  Stigma (
A)  
B)  Ovary (
C)  
C)  Ovule (
D)  
D)  Petals (
E)  
E)  Sepals (H)

Question 17

The reproductive organ of angiosperms is the _______.

Accepted Answer

The answer of The reproductive organ of angiosperms is the...

Question 18

Refer to the figure.   Your roommate visits the botanical gardens over the weekend.When she returns, she excitedly shows you the photograph (shown) of a plant she has identified as an angiosperm.How do you best respond?

Accepted Answer

A)  The fruit must be a simple fruit, like those found in cherries. 
B)  The venation in the leaves shows that this is a eudicot. 
C)  This is actually a gymnosperm. Even though that structure resembles a fruit, only angiosperms produce true fruits. 
D)  This must be one of the transitional species that bridged the evolution of angiosperms from gymnosperms. 
E)  This fruit is most likely dispersed by a larger animal, like a chipmunk or squirrel. 
A)  The fruit must be a simple fruit, like those found in cherries. 
B)  The venation in the leaves shows that this is a eudicot. 
C)  This is actually a gymnosperm. Even though that structure resembles a fruit, only angiosperms produce true fruits. 
D)  This must be one of the transitional species that bridged the evolution of angiosperms from gymnosperms. 
E)  This fruit is most likely dispersed by a larger animal, like a chipmunk or squirrel.

Question 19

Fruit helps flowering plants

Accepted Answer

A)  remove competition. 
B)  store excess mineral ions. 
C)  achieve dispersal. 
D)  provide camouflage. 
E)  withstand harsh environmental conditions. 
A)  remove competition. 
B)  store excess mineral ions. 
C)  achieve dispersal. 
D)  provide camouflage. 
E)  withstand harsh environmental conditions.

Question 20

Which synapomorphy is not shared by gymnosperms and angiosperms?

Accepted Answer

A)  Seeds 
B)  Heterospory 
C)  Flowers 
D)  Secondary growth 
E)  Pollen 
A)  Seeds 
B)  Heterospory 
C)  Flowers 
D)  Secondary growth 
E)  Pollen

Exam 28: The Evolution of Seed Plants

What is a cotyledon? What role does it play in the classification of angiosperms into two monophyletic groups?

California's almond trees are predominantly pollinated by honeybees.In recent years the honeybee population has dramatically declined.If the honeybee population continues to decline, what will be the likely impact on the state's almond production?

Though gymnosperms hold the title for tallest as well as longest lived in terms of species representatives, angiosperms have emerged as the dominant group of seed plants on Earth today.Which statement best explains the shift toward angiosperm dominance?

In angiosperms, pollen is transferred from the _______ to the _______.

Refer to the figure. The woody scales shown protect the megastrobilus and are modified

Which plant or plant-related tissue is not known to be medicinally useful?

What two types of flowers are characteristic of aster family inflorescences?

Which statement about seeds is false?

In angiosperms, a viable pollen grain generally has to be delivered to the _______ to develop.

Which of the following is a function of the polyploid tissue formed in double fertilization?

How is a perfect flower a kind of "compromise"? In other words, what are the disadvantages of perfect flowers, and under what circumstances would they provide a benefit?

Which term best describes the fruit of an apple tree?

In angiosperms, two male gametes contained within a single male gametophyte participate in fertilization.One sperm nucleus combines with the egg to produce a diploid zygote, and the other sperm nucleus combines with two other haploid nuclei of the female gametophyte.This process is called

In seeds, a dormant but viable state is an advantage because it

Refer to the figure. What is the name of the floral parts that collectively make up the calyx? Identify the correct label.

The reproductive organ of angiosperms is the _______.

Refer to the figure. Your roommate visits the botanical gardens over the weekend.When she returns, she excitedly shows you the photograph (shown) of a plant she has identified as an angiosperm.How do you best respond?

Fruit helps flowering plants

Which synapomorphy is not shared by gymnosperms and angiosperms?

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Nucleic Acids and the Origin of Life

Cells: the Working Units of Life

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Pathways That Harvest Chemical Energy

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Plants Without Seeds: From Water to Land

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In angiosperms, pollen is transferred from the _ to the _.