Question 1

All sensory systems process information as action potentials, so how are different stimuli recognized as different sensations?

Accepted Answer

A)  The strength of the stimulus determines how it is interpreted by the central nervous system. 
B)  Action potentials are combined in the brain. 
C)  Sensory cells respond to only one type of stimulus. 
D)  Action potentials arrive at different parts of the central nervous system. 
E)  The strength of the stimulus determines the type of sensation. 
A)  The strength of the stimulus determines how it is interpreted by the central nervous system. 
B)  Action potentials are combined in the brain. 
C)  Sensory cells respond to only one type of stimulus. 
D)  Action potentials arrive at different parts of the central nervous system. 
E)  The strength of the stimulus determines the type of sensation.

Question 2

As you pull your socks on in the morning, you are aware of the sensation of material touching your skin, but you don't focus on that sensation throughout the day.What is the functional significance of this phenomenon, known as sensory adaptation?

Accepted Answer

Sensory adaptation allows anim

Question 3

To signal over long distances, receptor potentials must

Accepted Answer

A)  generate ATP. 
B)  cause the release of hormones. 
C)  adapt. 
D)  generate action potentials. 
E)  generalize to other stimuli. 
A)  generate ATP. 
B)  cause the release of hormones. 
C)  adapt. 
D)  generate action potentials. 
E)  generalize to other stimuli.

Question 4

Which statement about the vertebrate retina is false?

Accepted Answer

A)  Cones contribute little to night vision. 
B)  There are more cones than rods in the foveae of humans. 
C)  Rods and cones are in separate layers of the retina. 
D)  Our peripheral vision involves more rod cells than cone cells. 
E)  Cones allow for our highest visual acuity. 
A)  Cones contribute little to night vision. 
B)  There are more cones than rods in the foveae of humans. 
C)  Rods and cones are in separate layers of the retina. 
D)  Our peripheral vision involves more rod cells than cone cells. 
E)  Cones allow for our highest visual acuity.

Question 5

Disruption of G proteins and second messengers would affect _______ and photoreceptors.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Disruption of G proteins and second messengers...

Question 6

In response to bending when the basilar membrane moves, membranes of hair cells

Accepted Answer

A)  are depolarized. 
B)  are hyperpolarized. 
C)  generate action potentials. 
D)  contract their stereocilia. 
E)  are either depolarized or hyperpolarized. 
A)  are depolarized. 
B)  are hyperpolarized. 
C)  generate action potentials. 
D)  contract their stereocilia. 
E)  are either depolarized or hyperpolarized.

Question 7

In studying the histology of olfactory receptors, you trace several olfactory receptor neurons whose axons terminate in the same glomerulus.A reasonable assumption about these neurons is that they

Accepted Answer

A)  are responsible for both smell and taste. 
B)  express the same receptor protein. 
C)  are gustatory neurons. 
D)  are responsible for sensing different odors. 
E)  are basal cell neurons. 
A)  are responsible for both smell and taste. 
B)  express the same receptor protein. 
C)  are gustatory neurons. 
D)  are responsible for sensing different odors. 
E)  are basal cell neurons.

Question 8

In mammals, the semicircular ducts of the vestibular system participate in responses to changes in position and movement of the head.Which of the following statements about the semicircular ducts is true?

Accepted Answer

A)  They lie within the vestibule. 
B)  They have openings to the external environment. 
C)  Mammals have two semicircular ducts. 
D)  Movement of fluid within the semicircular ducts bends hair cell stereocilia by pushing on a gelatinous cupula covering the hair cells. 
E)  Otoliths are found in the semicircular ducts. 
A)  They lie within the vestibule. 
B)  They have openings to the external environment. 
C)  Mammals have two semicircular ducts. 
D)  Movement of fluid within the semicircular ducts bends hair cell stereocilia by pushing on a gelatinous cupula covering the hair cells. 
E)  Otoliths are found in the semicircular ducts.

Question 9

Mechanoreceptors and thermoreceptors have transmembrane proteins that are also _______ channels.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Mechanoreceptors and thermoreceptors have transmembrane proteins that...

Question 10

You enjoy the smell of fresh bread coming from a bakery as you pass by.What occurs first to eventually allow you to smell the bread?

Accepted Answer

A)  Odorant molecules from the bread bind to receptors on the cilia of olfactory receptor neurons. 
B)  Olfactory information from the bread is sent to the vomeronasal organ for processing and integration. 
C)  The smell of bread activates glomeruli in your nasal passages. 
D)  The smell of bread activates the olfactory bulb in your brain. 
E)  Odorant molecules from the bread bind to receptors on the microvilli of olfactory receptor neurons. 
A)  Odorant molecules from the bread bind to receptors on the cilia of olfactory receptor neurons. 
B)  Olfactory information from the bread is sent to the vomeronasal organ for processing and integration. 
C)  The smell of bread activates glomeruli in your nasal passages. 
D)  The smell of bread activates the olfactory bulb in your brain. 
E)  Odorant molecules from the bread bind to receptors on the microvilli of olfactory receptor neurons.

Question 11

You have a friend who likes to listen to loud music.Which of the following is true about his risks for hearing loss?

Accepted Answer

A)  If he hasn't noticed any hearing loss yet, he is unlikely to experience hearing loss in the future. 
B)  Continuing to listen to loud music may cause conduction deafness. 
C)  Exposure to highly amplified music can damage the hair cells in the organ of Corti. 
D)  Using stereo earphones to listen to loud music will protect him against hearing loss. 
E)  Any damage can be reversed when he stops listening to loud music. 
A)  If he hasn't noticed any hearing loss yet, he is unlikely to experience hearing loss in the future. 
B)  Continuing to listen to loud music may cause conduction deafness. 
C)  Exposure to highly amplified music can damage the hair cells in the organ of Corti. 
D)  Using stereo earphones to listen to loud music will protect him against hearing loss. 
E)  Any damage can be reversed when he stops listening to loud music.

Question 12

Female silkworm moths release the pheromone bombykol to attract males.When measuring the rate of firing in the sensory nerves of a male silkworm moth, you discover that the rate is very high.What does this high firing rate tell you about the concentration of bombykol in the air and distance to the female moth?

Accepted Answer

The rate of firing in the male silkworm

Question 13

Which cell type receives neurotransmitter released from rods and cones?

Accepted Answer

A)  Receptor 
B)  Photoreceptor 
C)  Bipolar 
D)  Amacrine 
E)  Ganglion 
A)  Receptor 
B)  Photoreceptor 
C)  Bipolar 
D)  Amacrine 
E)  Ganglion

Question 14

Damage to the accessory olfactory bulb of a mouse would mean that information from the _______ could not be integrated.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Damage to the accessory olfactory bulb of...

Question 15

Refer to the graph.   The graph shows the response of rod cells to flashes of light as individual traces.Evaluate the following statement with respect to accuracy: The membrane potential depicted in trace 3 shows the response of rod cells to dim light.

Accepted Answer

The statement is correct. Stim

Question 16

Sensory receptor cells transduce specific physical or chemical stimuli

Accepted Answer

A)  from an action potential to a receptor potential. 
B)  into a change in membrane potential. 
C)  from an action potential into a synaptic signal. 
D)  by summing local potentials. 
E)  by amplification of the stimulus. 
A)  from an action potential to a receptor potential. 
B)  into a change in membrane potential. 
C)  from an action potential into a synaptic signal. 
D)  by summing local potentials. 
E)  by amplification of the stimulus.

Question 17

Which statement about cells in the retina is false?

Accepted Answer

A)  Rods and cones are much more numerous than ganglion cells. 
B)  Ganglion cells in the fovea receive input from a small number of photoreceptors. 
C)  A particular bipolar cell can receive input from multiple rods and multiple cones. 
D)  Ganglion cells in the periphery of the retina receive input from a large number of photoreceptors. 
E)  Ganglion cells send information from the retina to the brain via the optic nerves. 
A)  Rods and cones are much more numerous than ganglion cells. 
B)  Ganglion cells in the fovea receive input from a small number of photoreceptors. 
C)  A particular bipolar cell can receive input from multiple rods and multiple cones. 
D)  Ganglion cells in the periphery of the retina receive input from a large number of photoreceptors. 
E)  Ganglion cells send information from the retina to the brain via the optic nerves.

Question 18

In mammals, the shape of the lens in the eye is altered by contraction of the _______.

Accepted Answer

The answer of In mammals, the shape of the lens...

Question 19

Which of the following does not characterize the pheromone bombykol, which is emitted by female silkworm moths?

Accepted Answer

A)  It attracts conspecific males. 
B)  It is released from a gland at the tip of the female's abdomen. 
C)  It binds to receptors on the antennae of males. 
D)  It generates action potentials in the male's antennal nerve, which transmits information to his central nervous system. 
E)  It has a low diffusion coefficient. 
A)  It attracts conspecific males. 
B)  It is released from a gland at the tip of the female's abdomen. 
C)  It binds to receptors on the antennae of males. 
D)  It generates action potentials in the male's antennal nerve, which transmits information to his central nervous system. 
E)  It has a low diffusion coefficient.

Question 20

Drugs that block G proteins will affect

Accepted Answer

A)  mechanoreceptors and thermoreceptors. 
B)  electroreceptors and mechanoreceptors. 
C)  thermoreceptors and electroreceptors. 
D)  chemoreceptors and photoreceptors. 
E)  electroreceptors and chemoreceptors. 
A)  mechanoreceptors and thermoreceptors. 
B)  electroreceptors and mechanoreceptors. 
C)  thermoreceptors and electroreceptors. 
D)  chemoreceptors and photoreceptors. 
E)  electroreceptors and chemoreceptors.

Exam 45: Sensory Systems

All sensory systems process information as action potentials, so how are different stimuli recognized as different sensations?

As you pull your socks on in the morning, you are aware of the sensation of material touching your skin, but you don't focus on that sensation throughout the day.What is the functional significance of this phenomenon, known as sensory adaptation?

To signal over long distances, receptor potentials must

Which statement about the vertebrate retina is false?

Disruption of G proteins and second messengers would affect _______ and photoreceptors.

In response to bending when the basilar membrane moves, membranes of hair cells

In studying the histology of olfactory receptors, you trace several olfactory receptor neurons whose axons terminate in the same glomerulus.A reasonable assumption about these neurons is that they

In mammals, the semicircular ducts of the vestibular system participate in responses to changes in position and movement of the head.Which of the following statements about the semicircular ducts is true?

Mechanoreceptors and thermoreceptors have transmembrane proteins that are also _______ channels.

You enjoy the smell of fresh bread coming from a bakery as you pass by.What occurs first to eventually allow you to smell the bread?

You have a friend who likes to listen to loud music.Which of the following is true about his risks for hearing loss?

Which cell type receives neurotransmitter released from rods and cones?

Damage to the accessory olfactory bulb of a mouse would mean that information from the _______ could not be integrated.

Refer to the graph. The graph shows the response of rod cells to flashes of light as individual traces.Evaluate the following statement with respect to accuracy: The membrane potential depicted in trace 3 shows the response of rod cells to dim light.

Sensory receptor cells transduce specific physical or chemical stimuli

Which statement about cells in the retina is false?

In mammals, the shape of the lens in the eye is altered by contraction of the _______.

Which of the following does not characterize the pheromone bombykol, which is emitted by female silkworm moths?

Drugs that block G proteins will affect

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