Question 1

Movements in acoelomate animals are likely to be

Accepted Answer

A)  complex, because of the presence of a peritoneum. 
B)  limited, because of lack of segmentation. 
C)  complex, because of presence of appendages. 
D)  limited, because of many internal organs. 
E)  complex, because of presence of a hydrostatic skeleton. 
A)  complex, because of the presence of a peritoneum. 
B)  limited, because of lack of segmentation. 
C)  complex, because of presence of appendages. 
D)  limited, because of many internal organs. 
E)  complex, because of presence of a hydrostatic skeleton.

Question 2

The embryos of diploblastic animals have two cell layers: an outer _______ and an inner endoderm.

Accepted Answer

The answer of The embryos of diploblastic animals have two...

Question 3

The type of symmetry possessed by cnidarians, which have a cylindrical form with one main axis around which body parts are arranged, is called _______ symmetry.

Accepted Answer

The answer of The type of symmetry possessed by cnidarians,...

Question 4

_______ are organisms that eat both plants and animals.

Accepted Answer

The answer of _______ are organisms that eat both plants...

Question 5

The placozoans are phylogenetically closest to the cnidarians because they

Accepted Answer

A)  only reproduce sexually. 
B)  are sedentary. 
C)  are structurally simple. 
D)  are transparent. 
E)  are considered to have a diploblastic body plan. 
A)  only reproduce sexually. 
B)  are sedentary. 
C)  are structurally simple. 
D)  are transparent. 
E)  are considered to have a diploblastic body plan.

Question 6

In scyphozoans (jellyfish),

Accepted Answer

A)  the dominant form is the polyp. 
B)  polyps are motile. 
C)  prey is captured by injecting a toxin. 
D)  eggs are fertilized internally. 
E)  a single individual produces both eggs and sperm. 
A)  the dominant form is the polyp. 
B)  polyps are motile. 
C)  prey is captured by injecting a toxin. 
D)  eggs are fertilized internally. 
E)  a single individual produces both eggs and sperm.

Question 7

Refer to the table.   Which character has a unique character state for humans?

Accepted Answer

A)  1 
B)  8 
C)  11 
D)  13 
E)  16 
A)  1 
B)  8 
C)  11 
D)  13 
E)  16

Question 8

The existence of three embryonic cell layers, including an outer ectoderm, an inner _______, and a middle mesoderm is a synapomorphy for protostomes and deuterostomes.

Accepted Answer

The answer of The existence of three embryonic cell layers,...

Question 9

Which statement about endoparasites is true?

Accepted Answer

A)  They consume bacteria on the surface of their hosts. 
B)  They kill their hosts with toxins. 
C)  They feed on dead material in soil. 
D)  They consume dead skin cells. 
E)  They do not need a digestive system because they absorb predigested nutrients from their hosts. 
A)  They consume bacteria on the surface of their hosts. 
B)  They kill their hosts with toxins. 
C)  They feed on dead material in soil. 
D)  They consume dead skin cells. 
E)  They do not need a digestive system because they absorb predigested nutrients from their hosts.

Question 10

Ectoparasites

Accepted Answer

A)  include ticks that suck body fluids. 
B)  live inside their hosts. 
C)  are often morphologically simple. 
D)  include tapeworms. 
E)  often function without digestive systems. 
A)  include ticks that suck body fluids. 
B)  live inside their hosts. 
C)  are often morphologically simple. 
D)  include tapeworms. 
E)  often function without digestive systems.

Question 11

The Portuguese man-of-war is an example of a deadly

Accepted Answer

A)  sponge. 
B)  cnidarian. 
C)  ctenophore. 
D)  nematocyst. 
E)  mollusk. 
A)  sponge. 
B)  cnidarian. 
C)  ctenophore. 
D)  nematocyst. 
E)  mollusk.

Question 12

Why are bryozoans considered to be colonial animals?

Accepted Answer

A)  They consist of genetically heterogeneous individuals. 
B)  They consist of physiologically isolated individuals. 
C)  They reproduce sexually. 
D)  They produce many small eggs. 
E)  They consist of genetically homogeneous individuals. 
A)  They consist of genetically heterogeneous individuals. 
B)  They consist of physiologically isolated individuals. 
C)  They reproduce sexually. 
D)  They produce many small eggs. 
E)  They consist of genetically homogeneous individuals.

Question 13

Sea pens are distinctly different from sea anemones in that

Accepted Answer

A)  sea pens contribute to formation of islands and reefs, while anemones destroy them. 
B)  sea pens break down decaying organic matter, while anemones are carnivorous. 
C)  sea pens are composed of two or more different kinds of polyps, while anemones only have one type. 
D)  sea pens are solitary, while anemones are colonial. 
E)  the medusa stage of sea pens is mobile, while anemones have a sessile medusa. 
A)  sea pens contribute to formation of islands and reefs, while anemones destroy them. 
B)  sea pens break down decaying organic matter, while anemones are carnivorous. 
C)  sea pens are composed of two or more different kinds of polyps, while anemones only have one type. 
D)  sea pens are solitary, while anemones are colonial. 
E)  the medusa stage of sea pens is mobile, while anemones have a sessile medusa.

Question 14

Refer to the figure.   Which animal has a feeding strategy similar to that of the two the organisms shown in the figure?

Accepted Answer

A)  Raccoon 
B)  Eagle 
C)  Pig 
D)  Flamingo 
E)  Mosquito 
A)  Raccoon 
B)  Eagle 
C)  Pig 
D)  Flamingo 
E)  Mosquito

Question 15

Which of the following animal stages or strategies does not contribute to the dispersal of a species?

Accepted Answer

A)  Trochophore larvae 
B)  Butterfly pupae 
C)  Multiple hosts of parasites 
D)  Nauplius larvae 
E)  Flying adults 
A)  Trochophore larvae 
B)  Butterfly pupae 
C)  Multiple hosts of parasites 
D)  Nauplius larvae 
E)  Flying adults

Question 16

In terrestrial environments, fluid-filled body cavities function as hydrostatic skeletons and

Accepted Answer

A)  make locomotion possible in smaller soft-bodied animals like snails. 
B)  are common in animals with protective hard skeletons. 
C)  are common in animals that move using muscles attached to limbs. 
D)  are important for movement in humans. 
E)  are commonly associated with hard skeletons that support muscular limbs. 
A)  make locomotion possible in smaller soft-bodied animals like snails. 
B)  are common in animals with protective hard skeletons. 
C)  are common in animals that move using muscles attached to limbs. 
D)  are important for movement in humans. 
E)  are commonly associated with hard skeletons that support muscular limbs.

Question 17

An infinite number of planes passing through the central point can divide a(n) _______ into similar halves.

Accepted Answer

A)  bilaterally symmetrical organism 
B)  radially symmetrical organism 
C)  spherically symmetrical organism 
D)  echinoderm 
E)  sponge 
A)  bilaterally symmetrical organism 
B)  radially symmetrical organism 
C)  spherically symmetrical organism 
D)  echinoderm 
E)  sponge

Question 18

Which statement best reflects a change that would occur during an evolutionary transition from direct development to metamorphosis?

Accepted Answer

A)  Upon hatching, some eggs produce underdeveloped young. 
B)  Eggs of variable size are laid by the female. 
C)  Eggs hatch and produce adults that are fully formed. 
D)  The first eggs that hatch consume their siblings. 
E)  Newborns look much like miniature versions of the adult. 
A)  Upon hatching, some eggs produce underdeveloped young. 
B)  Eggs of variable size are laid by the female. 
C)  Eggs hatch and produce adults that are fully formed. 
D)  The first eggs that hatch consume their siblings. 
E)  Newborns look much like miniature versions of the adult.

Question 19

Ctenophores can be distinguished from the cnidarians by their possession of a complete gut and comblike ciliated plates known as _______.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Ctenophores can be distinguished from the cnidarians...

Question 20

What is an advantage of mesoderm-derived muscle lining the body cavity and surrounding organs in coelomate animals, when compared with pseudocoelomate animals?

Accepted Answer

A)  It gives better control over fluid movement in the body cavity 
B)  It allows growth of organs within the body cavity 
C)  It allows movement of organs within the body cavity 
D)  It provides the ability to squeeze mesenchyme 
E)  It facilitates interaction between muscle and the central nervous system 
A)  It gives better control over fluid movement in the body cavity 
B)  It allows growth of organs within the body cavity 
C)  It allows movement of organs within the body cavity 
D)  It provides the ability to squeeze mesenchyme 
E)  It facilitates interaction between muscle and the central nervous system

Exam 30: Animal Origins and the Evolution of Body Plans

Movements in acoelomate animals are likely to be

The embryos of diploblastic animals have two cell layers: an outer _______ and an inner endoderm.

The type of symmetry possessed by cnidarians, which have a cylindrical form with one main axis around which body parts are arranged, is called _______ symmetry.

_______ are organisms that eat both plants and animals.

The placozoans are phylogenetically closest to the cnidarians because they

In scyphozoans (jellyfish),

Refer to the table. Which character has a unique character state for humans?

The existence of three embryonic cell layers, including an outer ectoderm, an inner _______, and a middle mesoderm is a synapomorphy for protostomes and deuterostomes.

Which statement about endoparasites is true?

Ectoparasites

The Portuguese man-of-war is an example of a deadly

Why are bryozoans considered to be colonial animals?

Sea pens are distinctly different from sea anemones in that

Refer to the figure. Which animal has a feeding strategy similar to that of the two the organisms shown in the figure?

Which of the following animal stages or strategies does not contribute to the dispersal of a species?

In terrestrial environments, fluid-filled body cavities function as hydrostatic skeletons and

An infinite number of planes passing through the central point can divide a(n) _______ into similar halves.

Which statement best reflects a change that would occur during an evolutionary transition from direct development to metamorphosis?

Ctenophores can be distinguished from the cnidarians by their possession of a complete gut and comblike ciliated plates known as _______.

What is an advantage of mesoderm-derived muscle lining the body cavity and surrounding organs in coelomate animals, when compared with pseudocoelomate animals?

Studying Life

Small Molecules and the Chemistry of Life

Proteins, Carbohydrates, and Lipids

Nucleic Acids and the Origin of Life

Cells: the Working Units of Life

Cell Membranes

Cell Communication and Multicellularity

Energy, Enzymes, and Metabolism

Pathways That Harvest Chemical Energy

Photosynthesis: Energy From Sunlight

The Cell Cycle and Cell Division

Inheritance, Genes, and Chromosomes

Dna and Its Role in Heredity

From Dna to Protein: Gene Expression

Gene Mutation and Molecular Medicine

Regulation of Gene Expression

Genomes

Recombinant Dna and Biotechnology

Mechanisms of Evolution

Reconstructing and Using Phylogenies

Speciation

Evolution of Genes and Genomes

The History of Life on Earth

Bacteria, Archaea, and Viruses

The Origin and Diversification of Eukaryotes

Plants Without Seeds: From Water to Land

The Evolution of Seed Plants

The Evolution and Diversity of Fungi

Protostome Animals

Deuterostome Animals

The Plant Body

Transport in Plants

Plant Nutrition

Regulation of Plant Growth

Reproduction in Flowering Plants

Plant Responses to Environmental Challenges

Physiology, Homeostasis, and Temperature Regulation

Animal Hormones

Immunology: Animal Defense Systems

Animal Reproduction

Animal Development

Neurons, Glia, and Nervous Systems

Sensory Systems

The Mammalian Nervous System: Structure and Higher Functions

Musculoskeletal Systems

Gas Exchange

Circulatory Systems

Nutrition, Digestion, and Absorption

Salt and Water Balance and Nitrogen Excretion

Animal Behavior

The Physical Environment and Biogeography of Life

Populations

Species Interactions

Communities

Ecosystems

A Changing Biosphere

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