Question 1

The terms "acoelomate," "pseudocoelomate," and "coelomate" refer to

Accepted Answer

A)  levels of cephalization. 
B)  the origin of the blastopore. 
C)  ectoderm, mesoderm, and endoderm, respectively. 
D)  the vertebrate body plan. 
E)  the body cavities of animals. 
A)  levels of cephalization. 
B)  the origin of the blastopore. 
C)  ectoderm, mesoderm, and endoderm, respectively. 
D)  the vertebrate body plan. 
E)  the body cavities of animals.

Question 2

Refer to the figure.   Ctenophores have no nervous system and are radially symmetrical.Which group shown in the figure shares a trait with the ctenophores?

Accepted Answer

A)  Deuterostomes 
B)  Eumetazoans 
C)  Sponges 
D)  Echinoderms 
E)  Ecdysozoans 
A)  Deuterostomes 
B)  Eumetazoans 
C)  Sponges 
D)  Echinoderms 
E)  Ecdysozoans

Question 3

Animals that lack an enclosed body cavity, such as flatworms, are called _______.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Animals that lack an enclosed body cavity,...

Question 4

Colonial animals differ from multicellular animals in that

Accepted Answer

A)  colonies may consist of physiologically integrated individuals. 
B)  colonial animals may be genetically different from each other. 
C)  individuals within a colony have identical functions. 
D)  colonial animals are always unicellular. 
E)  some colonies of animals are produced through fission. 
A)  colonies may consist of physiologically integrated individuals. 
B)  colonial animals may be genetically different from each other. 
C)  individuals within a colony have identical functions. 
D)  colonial animals are always unicellular. 
E)  some colonies of animals are produced through fission.

Question 5

Sponges differ from other animals in that they

Accepted Answer

A)  do not form true organs. 
B)  are sessile. 
C)  are triploblastic. 
D)  have trochophore larvae. 
E)  are diploblastic. 
A)  do not form true organs. 
B)  are sessile. 
C)  are triploblastic. 
D)  have trochophore larvae. 
E)  are diploblastic.

Question 6

Refer to the figure.   In the typical hydrozoan life cycle shown, identify the diploid and haploid stages, identify the processes occurring in the boxes (mitosis, meiosis, fertilization, or fusion), and label the identified structures.

Accepted Answer

A. Diploid
B. Haploid
C. Medus

Question 7

_______ eat plants or parts of plants.

Accepted Answer

A)  Filter feeders 
B)  Herbivores 
C)  Predators 
D)  Parasites 
E)  Detritivores 
A)  Filter feeders 
B)  Herbivores 
C)  Predators 
D)  Parasites 
E)  Detritivores

Question 8

Which statement concerning ctenophores (the comb jellies) is false?

Accepted Answer

A)  They eat small planktonic organisms. 
B)  They use rows of cilia in locomotion. 
C)  They use tentacles to catch prey. 
D)  They have complete digestive systems. 
E)  They have a polyp stage. 
A)  They eat small planktonic organisms. 
B)  They use rows of cilia in locomotion. 
C)  They use tentacles to catch prey. 
D)  They have complete digestive systems. 
E)  They have a polyp stage.

Question 9

Refer to the table, which compares 27 amino acid positions for ten different species.   Which character state(s) is/are unique in the earthworm?

Accepted Answer

A)  10 
B)  10 and 26 
C)  10 and 11 
D)  10, 11, and 26 
E)  11 and 26 
A)  10 
B)  10 and 26 
C)  10 and 11 
D)  10, 11, and 26 
E)  11 and 26

Question 10

Which of the following characteristics distinguishes deuterostomes from protostomes?

Accepted Answer

A)  Segmentation 
B)  Presence of Hox genes 
C)  Embryological origin of the mouth 
D)  Appendages 
E)  Body symmetry 
A)  Segmentation 
B)  Presence of Hox genes 
C)  Embryological origin of the mouth 
D)  Appendages 
E)  Body symmetry

Question 11

Which of the following structures is/are not involved with some mechanism of movement in animals?

Accepted Answer

A)  Fluid-filled coelom 
B)  Segmentation 
C)  Appendages 
D)  Cilia 
E)  Blastopore 
A)  Fluid-filled coelom 
B)  Segmentation 
C)  Appendages 
D)  Cilia 
E)  Blastopore

Question 12

Explain the fundamental difference between protostomes and deuterostomes.What evidence supports dividing organisms into these two groups?

Accepted Answer

Protostomes and deuterostomes differ in

Question 13

Refer to the figure.   Which statement concerning the medusa form of the jellyfish shown is false?

Accepted Answer

A)  It uses tentacles for catching prey. 
B)  It exhibits radial symmetry. 
C)  It uses cilia for movement. 
D)  It stings prey with nematocysts. 
E)  Contraction of the bell enables locomotion. 
A)  It uses tentacles for catching prey. 
B)  It exhibits radial symmetry. 
C)  It uses cilia for movement. 
D)  It stings prey with nematocysts. 
E)  Contraction of the bell enables locomotion.

Question 14

Which of the following correctly describe the roundworm?

Accepted Answer

A)  Diploblastic and protostome 
B)  Pseudocoelomate and deuterostome 
C)  Acoelomate and protostome 
D)  Pseudocoelomate and protostome 
E)  Acoelomate and deuterostome 
A)  Diploblastic and protostome 
B)  Pseudocoelomate and deuterostome 
C)  Acoelomate and protostome 
D)  Pseudocoelomate and protostome 
E)  Acoelomate and deuterostome

Question 15

Phylogenetic relationships between placozoans and sponges can best be determined by

Accepted Answer

A)  examining the number of germ layers. 
B)  comparing body symmetry. 
C)  observing reproductive strategies. 
D)  observing motility of larval stages. 
E)  determining substrates on which they occur. 
A)  examining the number of germ layers. 
B)  comparing body symmetry. 
C)  observing reproductive strategies. 
D)  observing motility of larval stages. 
E)  determining substrates on which they occur.

Question 16

Refer to the table.   Which characters have shared, derived character states for protostomes?

Accepted Answer

A)  1 and 6 
B)  2 and 3 
C)  6 and 19 
D)  20 and 27 
E)  25 and 27 
A)  1 and 6 
B)  2 and 3 
C)  6 and 19 
D)  20 and 27 
E)  25 and 27

Question 17

Because all animals must take in nutrients from their environment, the nutritional mode of animals is called

Accepted Answer

A)  heterotrophic. 
B)  photoheterotrophic. 
C)  photoautotrophic. 
D)  chemolithotrophic. 
E)  chemoautotrophic. 
A)  heterotrophic. 
B)  photoheterotrophic. 
C)  photoautotrophic. 
D)  chemolithotrophic. 
E)  chemoautotrophic.

Question 18

All of the following are necessary parts of a hydrostatic skeleton except

Accepted Answer

A)  the relatively incompressible nature of fluids. 
B)  a body cavity. 
C)  segmentation. 
D)  muscles. 
E)  flexible surrounding tissues. 
A)  the relatively incompressible nature of fluids. 
B)  a body cavity. 
C)  segmentation. 
D)  muscles. 
E)  flexible surrounding tissues.

Question 19

Animals appear to have evolved from a common ancestor.Which statement about the early evolution of animals is false?

Accepted Answer

A)  Studies of Hox genes suggest a polyphyletic origin for the animal kingdom. 
B)  As predatory animals arose, the diversity of size and shape evolved. 
C)  The evolution of complex behaviors may have occurred early in the origin of animals. 
D)  Early on, natural selection favored larger and more motile animals. 
E)  The division of labor among colonial cells was a major first step in the evolution of the animals. 
A)  Studies of Hox genes suggest a polyphyletic origin for the animal kingdom. 
B)  As predatory animals arose, the diversity of size and shape evolved. 
C)  The evolution of complex behaviors may have occurred early in the origin of animals. 
D)  Early on, natural selection favored larger and more motile animals. 
E)  The division of labor among colonial cells was a major first step in the evolution of the animals.

Question 20

With a fixed amount of available energy, a female animal is restricted in the size and number of eggs she can produce.This is not consistent with which of the following statements?

Accepted Answer

A)  She can produce many large eggs. 
B)  She can produce many small eggs. 
C)  She can produce a few large eggs. 
D)  This is an example of an energy trade-off. 
E)  Energy used to make shells cannot be used for her own growth. 
A)  She can produce many large eggs. 
B)  She can produce many small eggs. 
C)  She can produce a few large eggs. 
D)  This is an example of an energy trade-off. 
E)  Energy used to make shells cannot be used for her own growth.

Exam 30: Animal Origins and the Evolution of Body Plans

The terms "acoelomate," "pseudocoelomate," and "coelomate" refer to

Refer to the figure. Ctenophores have no nervous system and are radially symmetrical.Which group shown in the figure shares a trait with the ctenophores?

Animals that lack an enclosed body cavity, such as flatworms, are called _______.

Colonial animals differ from multicellular animals in that

Sponges differ from other animals in that they

Refer to the figure. In the typical hydrozoan life cycle shown, identify the diploid and haploid stages, identify the processes occurring in the boxes (mitosis, meiosis, fertilization, or fusion), and label the identified structures.

_______ eat plants or parts of plants.

Which statement concerning ctenophores (the comb jellies) is false?

Refer to the table, which compares 27 amino acid positions for ten different species. Which character state(s) is/are unique in the earthworm?

Which of the following characteristics distinguishes deuterostomes from protostomes?

Which of the following structures is/are not involved with some mechanism of movement in animals?

Explain the fundamental difference between protostomes and deuterostomes.What evidence supports dividing organisms into these two groups?

Refer to the figure. Which statement concerning the medusa form of the jellyfish shown is false?

Which of the following correctly describe the roundworm?

Phylogenetic relationships between placozoans and sponges can best be determined by

Refer to the table. Which characters have shared, derived character states for protostomes?

Because all animals must take in nutrients from their environment, the nutritional mode of animals is called

All of the following are necessary parts of a hydrostatic skeleton except

Animals appear to have evolved from a common ancestor.Which statement about the early evolution of animals is false?

With a fixed amount of available energy, a female animal is restricted in the size and number of eggs she can produce.This is not consistent with which of the following statements?

Studying Life

Small Molecules and the Chemistry of Life

Proteins, Carbohydrates, and Lipids

Nucleic Acids and the Origin of Life

Cells: the Working Units of Life

Cell Membranes

Cell Communication and Multicellularity

Energy, Enzymes, and Metabolism

Pathways That Harvest Chemical Energy

Photosynthesis: Energy From Sunlight

The Cell Cycle and Cell Division

Inheritance, Genes, and Chromosomes

Dna and Its Role in Heredity

From Dna to Protein: Gene Expression

Gene Mutation and Molecular Medicine

Regulation of Gene Expression

Genomes

Recombinant Dna and Biotechnology

Mechanisms of Evolution

Reconstructing and Using Phylogenies

Speciation

Evolution of Genes and Genomes

The History of Life on Earth

Bacteria, Archaea, and Viruses

The Origin and Diversification of Eukaryotes

Plants Without Seeds: From Water to Land

The Evolution of Seed Plants

The Evolution and Diversity of Fungi

Protostome Animals

Deuterostome Animals

The Plant Body

Transport in Plants

Plant Nutrition

Regulation of Plant Growth

Reproduction in Flowering Plants

Plant Responses to Environmental Challenges

Physiology, Homeostasis, and Temperature Regulation

Animal Hormones

Immunology: Animal Defense Systems

Animal Reproduction

Animal Development

Neurons, Glia, and Nervous Systems

Sensory Systems

The Mammalian Nervous System: Structure and Higher Functions

Musculoskeletal Systems

Gas Exchange

Circulatory Systems

Nutrition, Digestion, and Absorption

Salt and Water Balance and Nitrogen Excretion

Animal Behavior

The Physical Environment and Biogeography of Life

Populations

Species Interactions

Communities

Ecosystems

A Changing Biosphere

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