Question 1

Which statement concerning groups of annelids is false?

Accepted Answer

A)  Pogonophorans do not have a digestive tract and obtain nutrients from endosymbiotic bacteria. 
B)  Leeches use an anterior and posterior sucker during movement. 
C)  Pogonophorans use their tentacles for swimming. 
D)  Earthworms ingest soil and extract food from it. 
E)  Oligochaetes are hermaphrodites and reproduce sexually. 
A)  Pogonophorans do not have a digestive tract and obtain nutrients from endosymbiotic bacteria. 
B)  Leeches use an anterior and posterior sucker during movement. 
C)  Pogonophorans use their tentacles for swimming. 
D)  Earthworms ingest soil and extract food from it. 
E)  Oligochaetes are hermaphrodites and reproduce sexually.

Question 2

Refer to the figure.   Which statement about the organism shown in the figure is false?

Accepted Answer

A)  It is a tardigrade. 
B)  It can withstand desiccation. 
C)  It is tiny (0.5-1.5 millimeters long). 
D)  It lacks both a circulatory system and gas exchange organs. 
E)  It has a stiff exoskeleton and jointed legs. 
A)  It is a tardigrade. 
B)  It can withstand desiccation. 
C)  It is tiny (0.5-1.5 millimeters long). 
D)  It lacks both a circulatory system and gas exchange organs. 
E)  It has a stiff exoskeleton and jointed legs.

Question 3

Evidence from developmental, structural, and molecular biology indicates that the protostomes split into two major monophyletic lineages that have been evolving separately since ancient times.These two lineages are the lophotrochozoans and the _______.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Evidence from developmental, structural, and molecular biology...

Question 4

The centipedes and millipedes belong to which group?

Accepted Answer

A)  Hexapods 
B)  Arachnids 
C)  Myriapods 
D)  Annelids 
E)  Chelicerates 
A)  Hexapods 
B)  Arachnids 
C)  Myriapods 
D)  Annelids 
E)  Chelicerates

Question 5

The figure shows several bryozoans.   Which statement about these organisms cannot be inferred from the evidence in the figure?

Accepted Answer

A)  They are colonial. 
B)  They possess a lophophore. 
C)  They may have an external skeleton. 
D)  They are likely filter-feeders. 
E)  They have a trochophore larva. 
A)  They are colonial. 
B)  They possess a lophophore. 
C)  They may have an external skeleton. 
D)  They are likely filter-feeders. 
E)  They have a trochophore larva.

Question 6

Terry Erwin fogged 19 trees in the Amazon rainforest.Which statement about his study is true?

Accepted Answer

A)  He fogged the tree trunks of different species of trees. 
B)  He found many individuals of only a few species of insects on each tree. 
C)  He used his data to estimate the number of individuals but not the number of insect species in the Amazon. 
D)  He found a large number of beetle species, many of them undescribed. 
E)  Estimates from his data have gone undebated since his study. 
A)  He fogged the tree trunks of different species of trees. 
B)  He found many individuals of only a few species of insects on each tree. 
C)  He used his data to estimate the number of individuals but not the number of insect species in the Amazon. 
D)  He found a large number of beetle species, many of them undescribed. 
E)  Estimates from his data have gone undebated since his study.

Question 7

Refer to the figure.   Label the lettered structures with the following: lophophore tentacles, mouth, anus, outer covering (chitinous tube), and gut.Is the organism a phoronid or an ecdysozoan?

Accepted Answer

A: lophophore tentacles
B: mou

Question 8

Bdelloid rotifers may have existed for tens of millions of years without regular sexual reproduction, though long-term asexual reproduction typically leads to extinction.Bdelloid rotifers acquire gene fragments from the environment during the desiccation-rehydration cycle.Which statement best explains their survival?

Accepted Answer

A)  Acquiring gene fragments allows rotifers to switch to a sexual mode of reproduction. 
B)  Acquiring gene fragments allows for genetic recombination. 
C)  Some mutations have been favorable, allowing compensation for deleterious mutations. 
D)  Acquiring gene fragments allows rotifers to increase gamete production. 
E)  Gene fragments encase existing DNA, protecting it from damage. 
A)  Acquiring gene fragments allows rotifers to switch to a sexual mode of reproduction. 
B)  Acquiring gene fragments allows for genetic recombination. 
C)  Some mutations have been favorable, allowing compensation for deleterious mutations. 
D)  Acquiring gene fragments allows rotifers to increase gamete production. 
E)  Gene fragments encase existing DNA, protecting it from damage.

Question 9

Which of the following animals have a hemocoel?

Accepted Answer

A)  Bryozoans 
B)  Arthropods 
C)  Rotifers 
D)  Annelids 
E)  Nematodes 
A)  Bryozoans 
B)  Arthropods 
C)  Rotifers 
D)  Annelids 
E)  Nematodes

Question 10

In what way do brachiopods differ from bivalves?

Accepted Answer

A)  Brachiopods release gametes into the water; bivalves have internal fertilization. 
B)  Brachiopods are terrestrial; bivalves are marine. 
C)  Brachiopod have a dorsoventral shell, while bivalve shells are lateral. 
D)  Brachiopods have a lophophore; bivalves do not. 
E)  Brachiopods move by means of a muscular foot; bivalves move by means of arms. 
A)  Brachiopods release gametes into the water; bivalves have internal fertilization. 
B)  Brachiopods are terrestrial; bivalves are marine. 
C)  Brachiopod have a dorsoventral shell, while bivalve shells are lateral. 
D)  Brachiopods have a lophophore; bivalves do not. 
E)  Brachiopods move by means of a muscular foot; bivalves move by means of arms.

Question 11

The mollusks are a very diverse group morphologically, but they share three common morphological traits.Describe these traits, their functions, and modifications in different groups of mollusks.

Accepted Answer

One trait is a muscular foot used for lo

Question 12

What characteristics make the nematode species Caenorhabditis elegans an ideal model organism?

Accepted Answer

C. elegans is small and easy to cultivat

Question 13

Which statement about nematodes is true?

Accepted Answer

A)  They have a hard exoskeleton. 
B)  They move by the action of cilia. 
C)  They are one of the most abundant of all animal groups. 
D)  They are segmented. 
E)  All species of nematodes are parasitic. 
A)  They have a hard exoskeleton. 
B)  They move by the action of cilia. 
C)  They are one of the most abundant of all animal groups. 
D)  They are segmented. 
E)  All species of nematodes are parasitic.

Question 14

Which of the following about gastropods is false?

Accepted Answer

A)  They include whelks, limpets, slugs, and nudibranchs. 
B)  Most have a one-piece shell. 
C)  Nudibranchs can be brightly colored and toxic to predators. 
D)  Most species move by gliding on their muscular foot. 
E)  Land snails have a modified foot that functions as a lung. 
A)  They include whelks, limpets, slugs, and nudibranchs. 
B)  Most have a one-piece shell. 
C)  Nudibranchs can be brightly colored and toxic to predators. 
D)  Most species move by gliding on their muscular foot. 
E)  Land snails have a modified foot that functions as a lung.

Question 15

A caterpillar developing into a butterfly is an example of complete metamorphosis.During this process, a larva transforms itself into an adult during a specialized phase in which it is called a(n)

Accepted Answer

A)  instar. 
B)  pupa. 
C)  juvenile. 
D)  trochophore. 
E)  pterygote. 
A)  instar. 
B)  pupa. 
C)  juvenile. 
D)  trochophore. 
E)  pterygote.

Question 16

Functions of arthropod appendages include all of the following except

Accepted Answer

A)  walking. 
B)  gas exchange. 
C)  grasping of food. 
D)  swimming. 
E)  defense. 
A)  walking. 
B)  gas exchange. 
C)  grasping of food. 
D)  swimming. 
E)  defense.

Question 17

Which statement about tracheae in insects is false?

Accepted Answer

A)  They are made up of are air sacs and tubular channels. 
B)  They penetrate virtually every part of an insect's body. 
C)  They extend from external openings inward, to tissues throughout the body. 
D)  They provide oxygen to an insect's tissues. 
E)  They extend through a single tube to an insect's mouth. 
A)  They are made up of are air sacs and tubular channels. 
B)  They penetrate virtually every part of an insect's body. 
C)  They extend from external openings inward, to tissues throughout the body. 
D)  They provide oxygen to an insect's tissues. 
E)  They extend through a single tube to an insect's mouth.

Question 18

Eight overlapping calcareous plates and a feeding structure called a radula occur in which lophotrochozoan group?

Accepted Answer

A)  Slugs 
B)  Bivalves 
C)  Chitons 
D)  Gastropods 
E)  Monoplacophorans 
A)  Slugs 
B)  Bivalves 
C)  Chitons 
D)  Gastropods 
E)  Monoplacophorans

Question 19

Which group has no circulatory system?

Accepted Answer

A)  Ribbon worms 
B)  Chelicerates 
C)  Crustaceans 
D)  Horsehair worms 
E)  Clitellates 
A)  Ribbon worms 
B)  Chelicerates 
C)  Crustaceans 
D)  Horsehair worms 
E)  Clitellates

Question 20

Which group includes a segmented marine animal that is wormlike, has parapodia, and develops through spiral cleavage?

Accepted Answer

A)  Nematodes 
B)  Annelids 
C)  Brachiopods 
D)  Mollusks 
E)  Flatworms 
A)  Nematodes 
B)  Annelids 
C)  Brachiopods 
D)  Mollusks 
E)  Flatworms

Exam 31: Protostome Animals

Which statement concerning groups of annelids is false?

Refer to the figure. Which statement about the organism shown in the figure is false?

Evidence from developmental, structural, and molecular biology indicates that the protostomes split into two major monophyletic lineages that have been evolving separately since ancient times.These two lineages are the lophotrochozoans and the _______.

The centipedes and millipedes belong to which group?

The figure shows several bryozoans. Which statement about these organisms cannot be inferred from the evidence in the figure?

Terry Erwin fogged 19 trees in the Amazon rainforest.Which statement about his study is true?

Refer to the figure. Label the lettered structures with the following: lophophore tentacles, mouth, anus, outer covering (chitinous tube), and gut.Is the organism a phoronid or an ecdysozoan?

Which of the following animals have a hemocoel?

In what way do brachiopods differ from bivalves?

The mollusks are a very diverse group morphologically, but they share three common morphological traits.Describe these traits, their functions, and modifications in different groups of mollusks.

What characteristics make the nematode species Caenorhabditis elegans an ideal model organism?

Which statement about nematodes is true?

Which of the following about gastropods is false?

A caterpillar developing into a butterfly is an example of complete metamorphosis.During this process, a larva transforms itself into an adult during a specialized phase in which it is called a(n)

Functions of arthropod appendages include all of the following except

Which statement about tracheae in insects is false?

Eight overlapping calcareous plates and a feeding structure called a radula occur in which lophotrochozoan group?

Which group has no circulatory system?

Which group includes a segmented marine animal that is wormlike, has parapodia, and develops through spiral cleavage?

Studying Life

Small Molecules and the Chemistry of Life

Proteins, Carbohydrates, and Lipids

Nucleic Acids and the Origin of Life

Cells: the Working Units of Life

Cell Membranes

Cell Communication and Multicellularity

Energy, Enzymes, and Metabolism

Pathways That Harvest Chemical Energy

Photosynthesis: Energy From Sunlight

The Cell Cycle and Cell Division

Inheritance, Genes, and Chromosomes

Dna and Its Role in Heredity

From Dna to Protein: Gene Expression

Gene Mutation and Molecular Medicine

Regulation of Gene Expression

Genomes

Recombinant Dna and Biotechnology

Mechanisms of Evolution

Reconstructing and Using Phylogenies

Speciation

Evolution of Genes and Genomes

The History of Life on Earth

Bacteria, Archaea, and Viruses

The Origin and Diversification of Eukaryotes

Plants Without Seeds: From Water to Land

The Evolution of Seed Plants

The Evolution and Diversity of Fungi

Animal Origins and the Evolution of Body Plans

Deuterostome Animals

The Plant Body

Transport in Plants

Plant Nutrition

Regulation of Plant Growth

Reproduction in Flowering Plants

Plant Responses to Environmental Challenges

Physiology, Homeostasis, and Temperature Regulation

Animal Hormones

Immunology: Animal Defense Systems

Animal Reproduction

Animal Development

Neurons, Glia, and Nervous Systems

Sensory Systems

The Mammalian Nervous System: Structure and Higher Functions

Musculoskeletal Systems

Gas Exchange

Circulatory Systems

Nutrition, Digestion, and Absorption

Salt and Water Balance and Nitrogen Excretion

Animal Behavior

The Physical Environment and Biogeography of Life

Populations

Species Interactions

Communities

Ecosystems

A Changing Biosphere

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