Question 1

In mollusks, the mantle

Accepted Answer

A)  secretes the radula. 
B)  is used for gas exchange in aquatic species. 
C)  secretes the shell. 
D)  is modified into a drill or poison dart. 
E)  is an organ of locomotion. 
A)  secretes the radula. 
B)  is used for gas exchange in aquatic species. 
C)  secretes the shell. 
D)  is modified into a drill or poison dart. 
E)  is an organ of locomotion.

Question 2

Which group contains the largest number of species?

Accepted Answer

A)  Spiders 
B)  Crustaceans 
C)  Centipedes 
D)  Millipedes 
E)  Tardigrades 
A)  Spiders 
B)  Crustaceans 
C)  Centipedes 
D)  Millipedes 
E)  Tardigrades

Question 3

Which statement about brachiopods is false?

Accepted Answer

A)  There are more fossil species of brachiopods than extant species. 
B)  They possess a lophophore. 
C)  They are bivalve mollusks. 
D)  They are attached to a substratum. 
E)  Most release their gametes into the water. 
A)  There are more fossil species of brachiopods than extant species. 
B)  They possess a lophophore. 
C)  They are bivalve mollusks. 
D)  They are attached to a substratum. 
E)  Most release their gametes into the water.

Question 4

The trilobite fossil record is very rich because

Accepted Answer

A)  their reproductive rate was extremely high. 
B)  they were able to thrive both on land and in water. 
C)  their appendages had multiple functions. 
D)  they had heavy exoskeletons that readily fossilized. 
E)  they were the only arthropods with an unsegmented body. 
A)  their reproductive rate was extremely high. 
B)  they were able to thrive both on land and in water. 
C)  their appendages had multiple functions. 
D)  they had heavy exoskeletons that readily fossilized. 
E)  they were the only arthropods with an unsegmented body.

Question 5

Which statement about the contribution of arthropod characteristics to diversity is false?

Accepted Answer

A)  Encasement of the body in a rigid exoskeleton provides support for walking in water or on land. 
B)  Stingers are used in defense. 
C)  Body segments are operated by individual muscles. 
D)  Specialization of appendages provides for different functions. 
E)  Muscles are attached within the exoskeleton. 
A)  Encasement of the body in a rigid exoskeleton provides support for walking in water or on land. 
B)  Stingers are used in defense. 
C)  Body segments are operated by individual muscles. 
D)  Specialization of appendages provides for different functions. 
E)  Muscles are attached within the exoskeleton.

Question 6

Which of the following is a shared characteristic that has most clearly linked onychophorans to the arthropods?

Accepted Answer

A)  Soft, fleshy legs 
B)  Soft, segmented bodies 
C)  Unjointed, claw-bearing legs 
D)  Molecular characteristics 
E)  Habitats of leaf litter in humid tropical environments 
A)  Soft, fleshy legs 
B)  Soft, segmented bodies 
C)  Unjointed, claw-bearing legs 
D)  Molecular characteristics 
E)  Habitats of leaf litter in humid tropical environments

Question 7

Ecdysis, a feature common to the ecdysozoans, is

Accepted Answer

A)  secretion of an exoskeleton. 
B)  molting of a cuticle. 
C)  elimination of metabolic wastes. 
D)  gas exchange through the body wall. 
E)  mating by hermaphroditic organisms. 
A)  secretion of an exoskeleton. 
B)  molting of a cuticle. 
C)  elimination of metabolic wastes. 
D)  gas exchange through the body wall. 
E)  mating by hermaphroditic organisms.

Question 8

Refer to the figure.   What conclusions can be drawn from the fact that brachiopods are not closely related to bryozoans or mollusks?

Accepted Answer

A)  The lophophore has arisen only once in evolution. 
B)  A body form with two valves (shells) is unique to brachiopods. 
C)  Mollusks are a sister group to bryozoans. 
D)  The molluscan lophophore is oriented in a lateral direction. 
E)  A body form with two valves (shells) has evolved independently at least twice. 
A)  The lophophore has arisen only once in evolution. 
B)  A body form with two valves (shells) is unique to brachiopods. 
C)  Mollusks are a sister group to bryozoans. 
D)  The molluscan lophophore is oriented in a lateral direction. 
E)  A body form with two valves (shells) has evolved independently at least twice.

Question 9

Refer to the figure showing an arrow worm.   Which of the following about arrow worms is true?

Accepted Answer

A)  They are hermaphroditic. 
B)  They are acoelomates. 
C)  Their fins function in gas exchange. 
D)  They do not possess a complete digestive tract. 
E)  They possess a hemocoel. 
A)  They are hermaphroditic. 
B)  They are acoelomates. 
C)  Their fins function in gas exchange. 
D)  They do not possess a complete digestive tract. 
E)  They possess a hemocoel.

Question 10

Hexapods and most crustaceans have tripartite body plans that include, listed anterior to posterior, the _______, the _______, and the _______.

Accepted Answer

head; thor

Question 11

Refer to the figure showing an arthropod exoskeleton.   Which structure(s) would have allowed aquatic arthropods to invade terrestrial environments?

Accepted Answer

A)  Ventral nerve cord 
B)  Longitudinal muscles 
C)  Hemocoel 
D)  Heart 
E)  Exoskeleton 
A)  Ventral nerve cord 
B)  Longitudinal muscles 
C)  Hemocoel 
D)  Heart 
E)  Exoskeleton

Question 12

Monarch butterflies exhibit _______, in which a larval wormlike caterpillar feeds on milkweed plants, pupates, and emerges as an adult winged butterfly.

Accepted Answer

complete m

Question 13

Which of the following organisms are hermaphroditic (individuals possess both male and female reproductive structures)?

Accepted Answer

A)  Phoronids 
B)  Oligochaetes 
C)  Squids 
D)  Rotifers 
E)  Chitons 
A)  Phoronids 
B)  Oligochaetes 
C)  Squids 
D)  Rotifers 
E)  Chitons

Question 14

Most living mollusks differ from the monoplacophorans in that most living mollusks have

Accepted Answer

A)  a lophophore. 
B)  multiple excretory pores. 
C)  one pair of gills for gas exchange. 
D)  segmented bodies. 
E)  cilia for movement. 
A)  a lophophore. 
B)  multiple excretory pores. 
C)  one pair of gills for gas exchange. 
D)  segmented bodies. 
E)  cilia for movement.

Question 15

You see some species of arthropod feeding on another organism.As you approach, the arthropod scurries away.You are unable to get a good look at it, but upon inspection of the prey item, you notice that there are two puncture wounds in the side of the prey.What kind of arthropod did you most likely see?

Accepted Answer

A)  A tardigrade 
B)  An insect 
C)  A chelicerate 
D)  A crustacean 
E)  A myriapod 
A)  A tardigrade 
B)  An insect 
C)  A chelicerate 
D)  A crustacean 
E)  A myriapod

Question 16

_______ can survive for at least 10 years in a dormant, dehydrated state.

Accepted Answer

A)  Myriapods 
B)  Onychophorans 
C)  Pycnogonids 
D)  Tardigrades 
E)  Trilobites 
A)  Myriapods 
B)  Onychophorans 
C)  Pycnogonids 
D)  Tardigrades 
E)  Trilobites

Question 17

Which statement about horsehair worms is true?

Accepted Answer

A)  They are parasites of horses and cows. 
B)  Their larvae are internal parasites of freshwater crayfish and insects. 
C)  The adult worms are parasitic and inhabit the digestive tracts of aquatic insects. 
D)  Adults have well-developed digestive systems. 
E)  They cause trichinosis in humans. 
A)  They are parasites of horses and cows. 
B)  Their larvae are internal parasites of freshwater crayfish and insects. 
C)  The adult worms are parasitic and inhabit the digestive tracts of aquatic insects. 
D)  Adults have well-developed digestive systems. 
E)  They cause trichinosis in humans.

Question 18

The wingless insects belong to which of the following groups?

Accepted Answer

A)  Hexapods 
B)  Pterygotes 
C)  Myriapods 
D)  Arachnids 
E)  Chelicerates 
A)  Hexapods 
B)  Pterygotes 
C)  Myriapods 
D)  Arachnids 
E)  Chelicerates

Question 19

Which arthropod group includes the dragonflies?

Accepted Answer

A)  Myriapods 
B)  Trilobites 
C)  Chelicerates 
D)  Crustaceans 
E)  Hexapods 
A)  Myriapods 
B)  Trilobites 
C)  Chelicerates 
D)  Crustaceans 
E)  Hexapods

Question 20

Which feature is shared by insects and crustaceans?

Accepted Answer

A)  Wings 
B)  A system of tracheae for respiration 
C)  An absence of appendages growing from the abdomen 
D)  A head, thorax, and abdomen 
E)  A cephalothorax and an abdomen 
A)  Wings 
B)  A system of tracheae for respiration 
C)  An absence of appendages growing from the abdomen 
D)  A head, thorax, and abdomen 
E)  A cephalothorax and an abdomen

Exam 31: Protostome Animals

In mollusks, the mantle

Which group contains the largest number of species?

Which statement about brachiopods is false?

The trilobite fossil record is very rich because

Which statement about the contribution of arthropod characteristics to diversity is false?

Which of the following is a shared characteristic that has most clearly linked onychophorans to the arthropods?

Ecdysis, a feature common to the ecdysozoans, is

Refer to the figure. What conclusions can be drawn from the fact that brachiopods are not closely related to bryozoans or mollusks?

Refer to the figure showing an arrow worm. Which of the following about arrow worms is true?

Hexapods and most crustaceans have tripartite body plans that include, listed anterior to posterior, the _______, the _______, and the _______.

Refer to the figure showing an arthropod exoskeleton. Which structure(s) would have allowed aquatic arthropods to invade terrestrial environments?

Monarch butterflies exhibit _______, in which a larval wormlike caterpillar feeds on milkweed plants, pupates, and emerges as an adult winged butterfly.

Which of the following organisms are hermaphroditic (individuals possess both male and female reproductive structures)?

Most living mollusks differ from the monoplacophorans in that most living mollusks have

_______ can survive for at least 10 years in a dormant, dehydrated state.

Which statement about horsehair worms is true?

The wingless insects belong to which of the following groups?

Which arthropod group includes the dragonflies?

Which feature is shared by insects and crustaceans?

Studying Life

Small Molecules and the Chemistry of Life

Proteins, Carbohydrates, and Lipids

Nucleic Acids and the Origin of Life

Cells: the Working Units of Life

Cell Membranes

Cell Communication and Multicellularity

Energy, Enzymes, and Metabolism

Pathways That Harvest Chemical Energy

Photosynthesis: Energy From Sunlight

The Cell Cycle and Cell Division

Inheritance, Genes, and Chromosomes

Dna and Its Role in Heredity

From Dna to Protein: Gene Expression

Gene Mutation and Molecular Medicine

Regulation of Gene Expression

Genomes

Recombinant Dna and Biotechnology

Mechanisms of Evolution

Reconstructing and Using Phylogenies

Speciation

Evolution of Genes and Genomes

The History of Life on Earth

Bacteria, Archaea, and Viruses

The Origin and Diversification of Eukaryotes

Plants Without Seeds: From Water to Land

The Evolution of Seed Plants

The Evolution and Diversity of Fungi

Animal Origins and the Evolution of Body Plans

Deuterostome Animals

The Plant Body

Transport in Plants

Plant Nutrition

Regulation of Plant Growth

Reproduction in Flowering Plants

Plant Responses to Environmental Challenges

Physiology, Homeostasis, and Temperature Regulation

Animal Hormones

Immunology: Animal Defense Systems

Animal Reproduction

Animal Development

Neurons, Glia, and Nervous Systems

Sensory Systems

The Mammalian Nervous System: Structure and Higher Functions

Musculoskeletal Systems

Gas Exchange

Circulatory Systems

Nutrition, Digestion, and Absorption

Salt and Water Balance and Nitrogen Excretion

Animal Behavior

The Physical Environment and Biogeography of Life

Populations

Species Interactions

Communities

Ecosystems

A Changing Biosphere

Filters

Hexapods and most crustaceans have tripartite body plans that include, listed anterior to posterior, the ___, the _, and the _____.