Question 1

Compared to nonvascular plants, the ancient relatives of vascular plants ________.

Accepted Answer

A)  the ancient relatives produced sporophyte generations independent of, not dependent on, gametophyte generations 
B)  the ancient relatives produced much smaller sporophyte generations 
C)  the ancient relatives produced sporophyte generations that provided more nutrition to gametophyte generations 
D)  the ancient relatives probably experienced less competition for light 
A)  the ancient relatives produced sporophyte generations independent of, not dependent on, gametophyte generations 
B)  the ancient relatives produced much smaller sporophyte generations 
C)  the ancient relatives produced sporophyte generations that provided more nutrition to gametophyte generations 
D)  the ancient relatives probably experienced less competition for light

Question 2

If the kingdom Plantae is someday expanded to include the charophytes (stoneworts), which of the following shared derived characteristics would be included in the revised kingdom?

Accepted Answer

A)  rings of cellulose-synthesizing complexes 
B)  rings of cellulose-synthesizing complexes, chlorophylls a and b, and alternation of generations 
C)  rings of cellulose-synthesizing complexes, alternation of generations, and ability to synthesize sporopollenin 
D)  rings of cellulose-synthesizing complexes, chlorophylls a and b, cell walls of cellulose, and ability to synthesize sporopollenin 
A)  rings of cellulose-synthesizing complexes 
B)  rings of cellulose-synthesizing complexes, chlorophylls a and b, and alternation of generations 
C)  rings of cellulose-synthesizing complexes, alternation of generations, and ability to synthesize sporopollenin 
D)  rings of cellulose-synthesizing complexes, chlorophylls a and b, cell walls of cellulose, and ability to synthesize sporopollenin

Question 3

You find a green organism in a pond near your house and believe it is a plant, not an alga. Which of the following characteristics would best support your identification of the organism as a plant and not an alga?

Accepted Answer

A)  It contains chloroplasts. 
B)  It is surrounded by a cuticle. 
C)  It lacks vascular tissue. 
D)  It has cell walls that are comprised largely of cellulose. 
A)  It contains chloroplasts. 
B)  It is surrounded by a cuticle. 
C)  It lacks vascular tissue. 
D)  It has cell walls that are comprised largely of cellulose.

Question 4

In plants, which of the following are produced by meiosis?

Accepted Answer

A)  haploid gametes 
B)  diploid gametes 
C)  haploid spores 
D)  diploid spores 
A)  haploid gametes 
B)  diploid gametes 
C)  haploid spores 
D)  diploid spores

Question 5

Which of the following statements correctly describes a characteristic of archegonia?

Accepted Answer

A)  they are where male gametes are produced 
B)  they may contain sporophyte embryos 
C)  they have the same function as sporangia 
D)  they make asexual reproductive structures 
A)  they are where male gametes are produced 
B)  they may contain sporophyte embryos 
C)  they have the same function as sporangia 
D)  they make asexual reproductive structures

Question 6

Which of the following statements is correct regarding the structure of a fern?

Accepted Answer

A)  the sporophyte generation is smaller in size than the gametophyte generation 
B)  sporangia are found on the gametophyte 
C)  ferns contain no vascular tissue 
D)  sporangia are found on the sporophylls 
A)  the sporophyte generation is smaller in size than the gametophyte generation 
B)  sporangia are found on the gametophyte 
C)  ferns contain no vascular tissue 
D)  sporangia are found on the sporophylls

Question 7

If bryophytes do not have vascular tissue, how can some mosses reach 60 centimeters tall?

Accepted Answer

A)  The term nonvascular plant is actually incorrect in describing bryophytes. 
B)  These tall mosses are more closely related to seed plants than to other mosses. 
C)  Some mosses independently evolved conducting tissues. 
D)  The rhizoids contain the conducting tissues. 
A)  The term nonvascular plant is actually incorrect in describing bryophytes. 
B)  These tall mosses are more closely related to seed plants than to other mosses. 
C)  Some mosses independently evolved conducting tissues. 
D)  The rhizoids contain the conducting tissues.

Question 8

Which of the following is a common feature among liverworts, hornworts, and mosses?

Accepted Answer

A)  They are all wind pollinated. 
B)  They are heterosporous. 
C)  They are pollinated by animals. 
D)  They require standing water for reproduction. 
A)  They are all wind pollinated. 
B)  They are heterosporous. 
C)  They are pollinated by animals. 
D)  They require standing water for reproduction.

Question 9

Dawsonia is a moss that can grow to 1 meter in height, which is not common among mosses. Which of the following structures is likely to be found in Dawsonia but not in most other mosses?

Accepted Answer

A)  cuticle along the ridges of leaves 
B)  leaves that are more than one cell layer thick 
C)  reduced size, mass, and persistence of the sporophytes 
D)  the presence of water-conducting tissues 
A)  cuticle along the ridges of leaves 
B)  leaves that are more than one cell layer thick 
C)  reduced size, mass, and persistence of the sporophytes 
D)  the presence of water-conducting tissues

Question 10

Which of the following statements about stomata is correct?

Accepted Answer

A)  Stomata are absent in aquatic plants. 
B)  Stomata open when guard cells shrink. 
C)  Stomata allow movement of nutrients into the plant. 
D)  Stomata allow gases to diffuse into and out of the plant. 
A)  Stomata are absent in aquatic plants. 
B)  Stomata open when guard cells shrink. 
C)  Stomata allow movement of nutrients into the plant. 
D)  Stomata allow gases to diffuse into and out of the plant.

Question 11

Suppose an efficient conducting system evolved in a moss that could transport water and other materials as high as a tall tree. Which of the following statements about "trees" of such a species would be accurate?

Accepted Answer

A)  Fertilization would probably be easier. 
B)  Spore dispersal distances would probably decrease. 
C)  Females could produce only one archegonium. 
D)  Individuals would probably compete more effectively for access to light. 
A)  Fertilization would probably be easier. 
B)  Spore dispersal distances would probably decrease. 
C)  Females could produce only one archegonium. 
D)  Individuals would probably compete more effectively for access to light.

Question 12

Which of the following statements is most likely true of the cuticle in plant species lacking pores?

Accepted Answer

A)  It is impermeable to water and gases. 
B)  It is thicker than in species with pores. 
C)  It is thinner than in species with pores. 
D)  It is composed of a non-waxy substance. 
A)  It is impermeable to water and gases. 
B)  It is thicker than in species with pores. 
C)  It is thinner than in species with pores. 
D)  It is composed of a non-waxy substance.

Question 13

Which of the following outcomes is most likely if animals had alternation of generations?

Accepted Answer

A)  they would have twice as rapid a population growth rate as compared to their current rates 
B)  the products of meiosis would undergo mitosis and remain unicellular 
C)  the products of meiosis would immediately fuse to form a zygote and then undergo mitosis 
D)  the products of meiosis would undergo mitosis and become multicellular 
A)  they would have twice as rapid a population growth rate as compared to their current rates 
B)  the products of meiosis would undergo mitosis and remain unicellular 
C)  the products of meiosis would immediately fuse to form a zygote and then undergo mitosis 
D)  the products of meiosis would undergo mitosis and become multicellular

Question 14

A biology student hiking in a forest discovers a 15-centimeter-tall plant that bears microphylls and a strobili at its tallest point. When disturbed, the cone emits a dense cloud of brownish dust. A pocket magnifying glass reveals the dust to be composed of tiny spheres with a high oil content. Which of the following chemicals are most likely to be detected in substantial amounts upon chemical analysis of these small spheres?

Accepted Answer

A)  sporopollenins 
B)  phenolics 
C)  waxes 
D)  terpenes 
A)  sporopollenins 
B)  phenolics 
C)  waxes 
D)  terpenes

Question 15

In an investigation of Sphagnum growth, researchers measured the growth of four different S. fuscum species (labeled a, ab, bc, and c in the figure) at four temperatures. The results of the investigation are represented in the graph.   What would you expect to happen to the geographic range of S. fuscum as the average temperatures on Earth rise?

Accepted Answer

A)  The geographic range of S. fuscum will extend southward. 
B)  The geographic range of S. fuscum will extend northward. 
C)  The geographic range of S. fuscum will not change. 
D)  The geographic range of S. fuscum will contract at both the northern and southern ends. 
A)  The geographic range of S. fuscum will extend southward. 
B)  The geographic range of S. fuscum will extend northward. 
C)  The geographic range of S. fuscum will not change. 
D)  The geographic range of S. fuscum will contract at both the northern and southern ends.

Question 16

Which of the following statements about the zygotes of plants is most likely to be accurate?

Accepted Answer

A)  Protection of the zygote from the drying effects of air was important. 
B)  Protection of the zygote from competitors for light was more important in air than in water. 
C)  Zygotes in plants are more independent of parental tissue than are algal zygotes. 
D)  Zygotes in plants are more likely to germinate quickly after release from the parent plant than are zygotes released from algal organisms. 
A)  Protection of the zygote from the drying effects of air was important. 
B)  Protection of the zygote from competitors for light was more important in air than in water. 
C)  Zygotes in plants are more independent of parental tissue than are algal zygotes. 
D)  Zygotes in plants are more likely to germinate quickly after release from the parent plant than are zygotes released from algal organisms.

Question 17

About 450 million years ago, the terrestrial landscape on Earth would most likely have had which of the following features?

Accepted Answer

A)  flowers, grasses, shrubs, and trees 
B)  completely bare rock, with little pools that contained cyanobacteria and protists 
C)  tall forests in swamps 
D)  nonvascular, green plants similar to liverworts forming green mats on rock 
A)  flowers, grasses, shrubs, and trees 
B)  completely bare rock, with little pools that contained cyanobacteria and protists 
C)  tall forests in swamps 
D)  nonvascular, green plants similar to liverworts forming green mats on rock

Question 18

Which of the following is an accurate statement about plant reproduction?

Accepted Answer

A)  Embryophytes are small plants in an early developmental stage. 
B)  Male and female bryophytes each produce a type of gametangia. 
C)  Eggs and sperm of most plants swim toward one another. 
D)  Bryophytes are limited to asexual reproduction. 
A)  Embryophytes are small plants in an early developmental stage. 
B)  Male and female bryophytes each produce a type of gametangia. 
C)  Eggs and sperm of most plants swim toward one another. 
D)  Bryophytes are limited to asexual reproduction.

Question 19

The evolution of vascular tissue in plants facilitated which of the following changes?

Accepted Answer

A)  the ability to form symbiotic relationships with fungi 
B)  the ability to grow taller 
C)  the ability to protect developing embryos 
D)  the ability to reproduce using flowers 
A)  the ability to form symbiotic relationships with fungi 
B)  the ability to grow taller 
C)  the ability to protect developing embryos 
D)  the ability to reproduce using flowers

Question 20

A sample of mosses and ferns is comprised of which of the following?

Accepted Answer

A)  both sporophyte and gametophyte generations 
B)  only vascular plants 
C)  both nonvascular and seed-bearing plants 
D)  both seedless and seed-bearing plants 
A)  both sporophyte and gametophyte generations 
B)  only vascular plants 
C)  both nonvascular and seed-bearing plants 
D)  both seedless and seed-bearing plants

Exam 29: Nonvascular and Seedless Vascular Plants

Compared to nonvascular plants, the ancient relatives of vascular plants ________.

If the kingdom Plantae is someday expanded to include the charophytes (stoneworts), which of the following shared derived characteristics would be included in the revised kingdom?

You find a green organism in a pond near your house and believe it is a plant, not an alga. Which of the following characteristics would best support your identification of the organism as a plant and not an alga?

In plants, which of the following are produced by meiosis?

Which of the following statements correctly describes a characteristic of archegonia?

Which of the following statements is correct regarding the structure of a fern?

If bryophytes do not have vascular tissue, how can some mosses reach 60 centimeters tall?

Which of the following is a common feature among liverworts, hornworts, and mosses?

Dawsonia is a moss that can grow to 1 meter in height, which is not common among mosses. Which of the following structures is likely to be found in Dawsonia but not in most other mosses?

Which of the following statements about stomata is correct?

Suppose an efficient conducting system evolved in a moss that could transport water and other materials as high as a tall tree. Which of the following statements about "trees" of such a species would be accurate?

Which of the following statements is most likely true of the cuticle in plant species lacking pores?

Which of the following outcomes is most likely if animals had alternation of generations?

Which of the following statements about the zygotes of plants is most likely to be accurate?

About 450 million years ago, the terrestrial landscape on Earth would most likely have had which of the following features?

Which of the following is an accurate statement about plant reproduction?

The evolution of vascular tissue in plants facilitated which of the following changes?

A sample of mosses and ferns is comprised of which of the following?

Biology and Its Themes

Atoms and Molecules

The Chemistry of Water

Carbon: the Basis of Molecular Diversity

Biological Macromolecules and Lipids

Energy and Life

Cell Structure and Function

Cell Membranes

Cellular Signaling

Cell Respiration

Photosynthetic Processes

Mitosis

Sexual Life Cycles and Meiosis

Mendelian Genetics

Linkage and Chromosomes

Nucleic Acids and Inheritance

Expression of Genes

Control of Gene Expression

Dna Technology

The Evolution of Genomes

How Evolution Works

Phylogenetic Reconstruction

Microevolution

Species and Speciation

Macroevolution

Introduction to Viruses

Prokaryotes

The Origin and Evolution of Eukaryotes

Seed Plants

Introduction to Fungi

An Introduction to Animal Diversity

Invertebrates

Vertebrates

Plant Structure and Growth

Transport in Vascular Plants

Plant Nutrition

Reproduction of Flowering Plants

Plant Signals and Behavior

The Animal Body

Chemical Signals in Animals

Animal Digestive Systems

Animal Transport Systems

Animal Excretory Systems

Animal Reproductive Systems

Development in Animals

Animal Defenses Against Infection

Electrical Signals in Animals

Neural Regulation in Animals

Sensation and Movement in Animals

An Overview of Ecology

Behavioral Ecology

Populations and Life History Traits

Biodiversity and Communities

Energy Flow and Chemical Cycling in Ecosystems

Conservation and Global Ecology

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