Question 1

Micronutrients are needed in very small amounts because ________.

Accepted Answer

A)  most of them are mobile in the plant 
B)  most serve mainly as cofactors of enzymes 
C)  most are supplied in large enough quantities in seeds 
D)  they play only a minor role in the growth and health of the plant 
A)  most of them are mobile in the plant 
B)  most serve mainly as cofactors of enzymes 
C)  most are supplied in large enough quantities in seeds 
D)  they play only a minor role in the growth and health of the plant B

Question 2

Which of the following soil conditions would inhibit the growth of most plants?

Accepted Answer

A)  abundant humus mixed with loam 
B)  air spaces in the topsoil 
C)  poor drainage in the C horizon 
D)  absence of an A horizon 
A)  abundant humus mixed with loam 
B)  air spaces in the topsoil 
C)  poor drainage in the C horizon 
D)  absence of an A horizon D

Question 3

Which of the following best describes epiphytes?

Accepted Answer

A)  aerial vines common in tropical regions 
B)  plants that live in poor soil and digest insects to obtain nitrogen 
C)  plants that grow on other plants but do not obtain nutrients from their hosts 
D)  plants that have a symbiotic relationship with fungi 
A)  aerial vines common in tropical regions 
B)  plants that live in poor soil and digest insects to obtain nitrogen 
C)  plants that grow on other plants but do not obtain nutrients from their hosts 
D)  plants that have a symbiotic relationship with fungi C

Question 4

Which of the following is a primary difference between ectomycorrhizae and endomycorrhizae?

Accepted Answer

A)  Endomycorrhizae have thicker, shorter hyphae than ectomycorrhizae. 
B)  Ectomycorrhizae do not penetrate root cells, whereas endomycorrhizae grow into invaginations of the root cell membranes. 
C)  Endomycorrhizae are more common than ectomycorrhizae. 
D)  There are no significant differences between ectomycorrhizae and endomycorrhizae. 
A)  Endomycorrhizae have thicker, shorter hyphae than ectomycorrhizae. 
B)  Ectomycorrhizae do not penetrate root cells, whereas endomycorrhizae grow into invaginations of the root cell membranes. 
C)  Endomycorrhizae are more common than ectomycorrhizae. 
D)  There are no significant differences between ectomycorrhizae and endomycorrhizae.

Question 5

Epiphytes are ________.

Accepted Answer

A)  fungi that attack plants 
B)  fungi that form mutualistic associations with roots 
C)  nonphotosynthetic parasitic plants 
D)  plants that grow on other plants 
A)  fungi that attack plants 
B)  fungi that form mutualistic associations with roots 
C)  nonphotosynthetic parasitic plants 
D)  plants that grow on other plants

Question 6

Which criteria allow biologists to classify chemicals into macronutrients and micronutrients?

Accepted Answer

A)  molecular weight of the element or compound 
B)  the quantities of each required by plants 
C)  how they are used in metabolism 
D)  whether or not they are essential for plant growth 
A)  molecular weight of the element or compound 
B)  the quantities of each required by plants 
C)  how they are used in metabolism 
D)  whether or not they are essential for plant growth

Question 7

Which major benefits do plants and mycorrhizal fungi receive from their symbiotic relationship?

Accepted Answer

A)  Plants receive enzymes, and fungi receive nitrogen and phosphorus. 
B)  Plants receive increased root surface area, and fungi receive digestive enzymes. 
C)  Fungi receive photosynthetic products in exchange for living in plant root nodules. 
D)  Plants receive water and phosphorus, and fungi receive photosynthetic products. 
A)  Plants receive enzymes, and fungi receive nitrogen and phosphorus. 
B)  Plants receive increased root surface area, and fungi receive digestive enzymes. 
C)  Fungi receive photosynthetic products in exchange for living in plant root nodules. 
D)  Plants receive water and phosphorus, and fungi receive photosynthetic products.

Question 8

Which elements are most often the limiting nutrients for plant growth?

Accepted Answer

A)  nitrogen, potassium, phosphorus 
B)  nitrogen, oxygen, hydrogen 
C)  carbon, sodium, chlorine 
D)  carbon, nitrogen, oxygen 
A)  nitrogen, potassium, phosphorus 
B)  nitrogen, oxygen, hydrogen 
C)  carbon, sodium, chlorine 
D)  carbon, nitrogen, oxygen

Question 9

Which of the following best describes the process of nitrogen fixation?

Accepted Answer

A)  recycles nitrogen compounds from dead and decaying materials 
B)  converts ammonia to ammonium 
C)  releases nitrate from the rock substrate 
D)  converts nitrogen gas into ammonia 
A)  recycles nitrogen compounds from dead and decaying materials 
B)  converts ammonia to ammonium 
C)  releases nitrate from the rock substrate 
D)  converts nitrogen gas into ammonia

Question 10

Of the following terms, which best describes the ecological role of a Venus flytrap?

Accepted Answer

A)  parasite 
B)  mutualist 
C)  epiphyte 
D)  predator 
A)  parasite 
B)  mutualist 
C)  epiphyte 
D)  predator

Question 11

Which answer best describes how roots acidify the soil solution?

Accepted Answer

A)  Roots release CO2 and pump K+ into the soil. 
B)  Roots release CO2 and pump H+ into the soil. 
C)  Roots release NaCl and pump Na+ into the soil. 
D)  Roots release NaCl and pump Cl- into the soil. 
A)  Roots release CO2 and pump K+ into the soil. 
B)  Roots release CO2 and pump H+ into the soil. 
C)  Roots release NaCl and pump Na+ into the soil. 
D)  Roots release NaCl and pump Cl- into the soil.

Question 12

A mineral deficiency is likely to affect older leaves more than younger leaves if ________.

Accepted Answer

A)  the mineral is a micronutrient 
B)  the mineral is very mobile within the plant 
C)  the mineral is required for chlorophyll synthesis 
D)  the mineral is a macronutrient 
A)  the mineral is a micronutrient 
B)  the mineral is very mobile within the plant 
C)  the mineral is required for chlorophyll synthesis 
D)  the mineral is a macronutrient

Question 13

The greatest difference in health between two groups of plants of the same species, one group with mycorrhizae and one group without mycorrhizae, would be in an environment ________.

Accepted Answer

A)  where nitrogen-fixing bacteria are abundant 
B)  that has soil with poor drainage 
C)  that has hot summers and cold winters 
D)  in which the soil is relatively deficient in mineral nutrients 
A)  where nitrogen-fixing bacteria are abundant 
B)  that has soil with poor drainage 
C)  that has hot summers and cold winters 
D)  in which the soil is relatively deficient in mineral nutrients

Question 14

During an experiment to identify essential nutrients, all but one class group observed the effects of micronutrient deficiencies on plant growth. Which of the following is the best explanation for the normal plant appearance in the one outlier group?

Accepted Answer

A)  The discrepant group did not pipette accurately. 
B)  The discrepant group mislabeled their containers. 
C)  The discrepant group used tap water instead of deionized (distilled) water. 
D)  The discrepant group forgot to add micronutrient solution. 
A)  The discrepant group did not pipette accurately. 
B)  The discrepant group mislabeled their containers. 
C)  The discrepant group used tap water instead of deionized (distilled) water. 
D)  The discrepant group forgot to add micronutrient solution.

Question 15

The earliest vascular plants on land had underground stems (rhizomes), but no roots. Which of the following explains how the plants obtained water and mineral nutrients?

Accepted Answer

A)  diffusion through stomata 
B)  absorption by mycorrhizae 
C)  osmosis through the root hairs 
D)  diffusion across the cuticle of the rhizome 
A)  diffusion through stomata 
B)  absorption by mycorrhizae 
C)  osmosis through the root hairs 
D)  diffusion across the cuticle of the rhizome

Question 16

How does nitrogen fixation lead to enhanced plant growth?

Accepted Answer

A)  Nitrogen fixation enables prokaryotes to supply the plant with proteins directly. 
B)  Fixed nitrogen can be used by plants to produce protein. 
C)  Nitrogen fixation directly by the plant is very expensive in terms of metabolic energy. 
D)  Nitrogen fixation prevents herbivores from eating the plant. 
A)  Nitrogen fixation enables prokaryotes to supply the plant with proteins directly. 
B)  Fixed nitrogen can be used by plants to produce protein. 
C)  Nitrogen fixation directly by the plant is very expensive in terms of metabolic energy. 
D)  Nitrogen fixation prevents herbivores from eating the plant.

Question 17

Soil pH is an important factor that influences which of the following?

Accepted Answer

A)  cation exchange 
B)  the chemical form of minerals 
C)  availability of organic matter 
D)  cation exchange and the chemical form of minerals 
A)  cation exchange 
B)  the chemical form of minerals 
C)  availability of organic matter 
D)  cation exchange and the chemical form of minerals

Question 18

The B horizon of soil is characterized by which of the following?

Accepted Answer

A)  living organisms and decaying organic matter 
B)  a mixture of broken soil with a variety of texture 
C)  much less organic matter than the A horizon 
D)  partially broken-down rock 
A)  living organisms and decaying organic matter 
B)  a mixture of broken soil with a variety of texture 
C)  much less organic matter than the A horizon 
D)  partially broken-down rock

Question 19

Synthesis of which of the following compounds in a mature leaf would be least impacted by a temporary soil nitrogen deficiency?

Accepted Answer

A)  DNA 
B)  RNA 
C)  amino acids 
D)  cellulose 
A)  DNA 
B)  RNA 
C)  amino acids 
D)  cellulose

Question 20

What does the N-P-K ratio on a package of fertilizer indicate?

Accepted Answer

A)  percentages of manure collected from different types of animals 
B)  relative percentages of organic and inorganic nutrients in the fertilizer 
C)  percentages of three important mineral nutrients 
D)  proportions of three different nitrogen sources 
A)  percentages of manure collected from different types of animals 
B)  relative percentages of organic and inorganic nutrients in the fertilizer 
C)  percentages of three important mineral nutrients 
D)  proportions of three different nitrogen sources

Exam 37: Plant Nutrition

Micronutrients are needed in very small amounts because ________.

Which of the following soil conditions would inhibit the growth of most plants?

Which of the following best describes epiphytes?

Which of the following is a primary difference between ectomycorrhizae and endomycorrhizae?

Epiphytes are ________.

Which criteria allow biologists to classify chemicals into macronutrients and micronutrients?

Which major benefits do plants and mycorrhizal fungi receive from their symbiotic relationship?

Which elements are most often the limiting nutrients for plant growth?

Which of the following best describes the process of nitrogen fixation?

Of the following terms, which best describes the ecological role of a Venus flytrap?

Which answer best describes how roots acidify the soil solution?

A mineral deficiency is likely to affect older leaves more than younger leaves if ________.

The greatest difference in health between two groups of plants of the same species, one group with mycorrhizae and one group without mycorrhizae, would be in an environment ________.

During an experiment to identify essential nutrients, all but one class group observed the effects of micronutrient deficiencies on plant growth. Which of the following is the best explanation for the normal plant appearance in the one outlier group?

The earliest vascular plants on land had underground stems (rhizomes), but no roots. Which of the following explains how the plants obtained water and mineral nutrients?

How does nitrogen fixation lead to enhanced plant growth?

Soil pH is an important factor that influences which of the following?

The B horizon of soil is characterized by which of the following?

Synthesis of which of the following compounds in a mature leaf would be least impacted by a temporary soil nitrogen deficiency?

What does the N-P-K ratio on a package of fertilizer indicate?

Biology and Its Themes

Atoms and Molecules

The Chemistry of Water

Carbon: the Basis of Molecular Diversity

Biological Macromolecules and Lipids

Energy and Life

Cell Structure and Function

Cell Membranes

Cellular Signaling

Cell Respiration

Photosynthetic Processes

Mitosis

Sexual Life Cycles and Meiosis

Mendelian Genetics

Linkage and Chromosomes

Nucleic Acids and Inheritance

Expression of Genes

Control of Gene Expression

Dna Technology

The Evolution of Genomes

How Evolution Works

Phylogenetic Reconstruction

Microevolution

Species and Speciation

Macroevolution

Introduction to Viruses

Prokaryotes

The Origin and Evolution of Eukaryotes

Nonvascular and Seedless Vascular Plants

Seed Plants

Introduction to Fungi

An Introduction to Animal Diversity

Invertebrates

Vertebrates

Plant Structure and Growth

Transport in Vascular Plants

Reproduction of Flowering Plants

Plant Signals and Behavior

The Animal Body

Chemical Signals in Animals

Animal Digestive Systems

Animal Transport Systems

Animal Excretory Systems

Animal Reproductive Systems

Development in Animals

Animal Defenses Against Infection

Electrical Signals in Animals

Neural Regulation in Animals

Sensation and Movement in Animals

An Overview of Ecology

Behavioral Ecology

Populations and Life History Traits

Biodiversity and Communities

Energy Flow and Chemical Cycling in Ecosystems

Conservation and Global Ecology

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