Question 1

Fat digestion yields fatty acids and glycerol. Protein digestion yields amino acids. Both digestive processes ________.

Accepted Answer

A)  occur inside cells in most animals 
B)  add a water molecule to break bonds 
C)  require a low pH resulting from HCl production 
D)  consume ATP 
A)  occur inside cells in most animals 
B)  add a water molecule to break bonds 
C)  require a low pH resulting from HCl production 
D)  consume ATP B

Question 2

Ticks are parasites that obtain nutrients by ingesting blood from a host animal. Ticks would be classified as ________.

Accepted Answer

A)  filter feeders 
B)  substrate feeders 
C)  fluid feeders 
D)  bulk feeders 
A)  filter feeders 
B)  substrate feeders 
C)  fluid feeders 
D)  bulk feeders C

Question 3

Varsha is a paleontologist and discovers an intact mammalian skull with large, wide molars, and thin incisors only at the front of the jaw. The skull was lacking canines. What type of diet did this mammal likely eat?

Accepted Answer

A)  prey animals including rodents, snakes, and frogs 
B)  leafy plants, trees, and shrubs 
C)  fish and molluscs 
D)  long grasses and small birds 
A)  prey animals including rodents, snakes, and frogs 
B)  leafy plants, trees, and shrubs 
C)  fish and molluscs 
D)  long grasses and small birds B

Question 4

The active ingredient orlistat acts to decrease the amount of fat that is absorbed by attaching to enzymes that digest fat. Which of the following is a potential target of orlistat?

Accepted Answer

A)  salivary amylase 
B)  pepsidase 
C)  pancreatic lipase 
D)  secretin 
A)  salivary amylase 
B)  pepsidase 
C)  pancreatic lipase 
D)  secretin

Question 5

If there is a strong genetic link for type II diabetes mellitus in your family, which option might you take to minimize your risk of developing the disorder?

Accepted Answer

A)  monitor your blood glucose levels daily 
B)  take oral insulin daily 
C)  maintain a healthy weight, eat a balanced diet, and exercise 
D)  eat complex carbohydrates like starch instead of sweets 
A)  monitor your blood glucose levels daily 
B)  take oral insulin daily 
C)  maintain a healthy weight, eat a balanced diet, and exercise 
D)  eat complex carbohydrates like starch instead of sweets

Question 6

Lysine is an essential amino acid for animals. An animal that lacked lysine in its diet ________.

Accepted Answer

A)  would make lysine from other amino acids 
B)  could not make many necessary proteins 
C)  could not synthesize phospholipids 
D)  would be very healthy 
A)  would make lysine from other amino acids 
B)  could not make many necessary proteins 
C)  could not synthesize phospholipids 
D)  would be very healthy

Question 7

Examine the digestive system structures in the figure. In which labeled structure is the rate of nutrient absorption the highest?

Accepted Answer

A)  1 
B)  4 
C)  5 
D)  8 
A)  1 
B)  4 
C)  5 
D)  8

Question 8

Fat digestion yields fatty acids and glycerol, whereas protein digestion yields amino acids. Which of the following statements is true regarding these processes?

Accepted Answer

A)  Both are catalyzed by the same enzyme 
B)  Both use water molecules when breaking bonds (hydrolysis) 
C)  Both require the presence of hydrochloric acid to lower the pH 
D)  Both initially occur in the mouth of an animal 
A)  Both are catalyzed by the same enzyme 
B)  Both use water molecules when breaking bonds (hydrolysis) 
C)  Both require the presence of hydrochloric acid to lower the pH 
D)  Both initially occur in the mouth of an animal

Question 9

What converts pepsinogen to its active form in the stomach?

Accepted Answer

A)  HCl 
B)  chief cells 
C)  high pH conditions 
D)  parietal cells 
A)  HCl 
B)  chief cells 
C)  high pH conditions 
D)  parietal cells

Question 10

Which benefit do intestinal bacteria gain living in a mutualistic relationship with an animal?

Accepted Answer

A)  The bacteria are provided with a regular source of nutrients. 
B)  Temperature is always regulated. 
C)  The bacteria can easily infect the animal's intestinal cells. 
D)  The bacteria can avoid the animal's immune system. 
A)  The bacteria are provided with a regular source of nutrients. 
B)  Temperature is always regulated. 
C)  The bacteria can easily infect the animal's intestinal cells. 
D)  The bacteria can avoid the animal's immune system.

Question 11

Which statement best explains why cattle able to survive on a diet consisting almost entirely of plant material?

Accepted Answer

A)  because cattle are autotrophic 
B)  because cattle re-ingest their feces 
C)  because cattle manufacture all fifteen amino acids out of sugars in the liver 
D)  because cattle have cellulose-digesting, symbiotic microorganisms 
A)  because cattle are autotrophic 
B)  because cattle re-ingest their feces 
C)  because cattle manufacture all fifteen amino acids out of sugars in the liver 
D)  because cattle have cellulose-digesting, symbiotic microorganisms

Question 12

Gastroliths are stones that are used by the digestive systems of some animals to perform mechanical digestion. Fossilized gastroliths have been found with dinosaur skeletons. What does this evidence suggest about the digestive systems of dinosaurs?

Accepted Answer

A)  that dinosaurs had gastrovascular cavities 
B)  that dinosaurs had gizzards 
C)  that dinosaurs had crops 
D)  that dinosaurs had intestines 
A)  that dinosaurs had gastrovascular cavities 
B)  that dinosaurs had gizzards 
C)  that dinosaurs had crops 
D)  that dinosaurs had intestines

Question 13

A fasting animal whose energy needs exceed those provided in its diet will draw on its stored resources in which order?

Accepted Answer

A)  fat, then glycogen, then protein 
B)  glycogen, then protein, then fat 
C)  liver glycogen, then muscle glycogen, then fat 
D)  muscle glycogen, then fat, then liver glycogen 
A)  fat, then glycogen, then protein 
B)  glycogen, then protein, then fat 
C)  liver glycogen, then muscle glycogen, then fat 
D)  muscle glycogen, then fat, then liver glycogen

Question 14

Which of the following statements correctly describes peristalsis?

Accepted Answer

A)  It is a process of fat emulsification in the small intestine. 
B)  It triggers voluntary control of the urethral sphincters regulating urination. 
C)  It causes the transport of nutrients to the liver through the hepatic portal vessel. 
D)  It results from smooth muscle contractions that move food along the esophagus. 
A)  It is a process of fat emulsification in the small intestine. 
B)  It triggers voluntary control of the urethral sphincters regulating urination. 
C)  It causes the transport of nutrients to the liver through the hepatic portal vessel. 
D)  It results from smooth muscle contractions that move food along the esophagus.

Question 15

Which statement best describes how stomach cells survive the acidity and protein-digesting activities in the stomach?

Accepted Answer

A)  because they are surrounded by large colonies of H. pylori 
B)  because they are covered by a thick, mucous secretion and rapidly undergo active mitosis 
C)  because they are protected by a high level of secreted enzymes from chief cells 
D)  because they have cell walls impermeable to acid 
A)  because they are surrounded by large colonies of H. pylori 
B)  because they are covered by a thick, mucous secretion and rapidly undergo active mitosis 
C)  because they are protected by a high level of secreted enzymes from chief cells 
D)  because they have cell walls impermeable to acid

Question 16

Termites are insects that eat a variety of dead plants, but they are most well-known for burrowing into wooden structures (including houses!) and eating the cellulose within the wood. What type of feeding mechanism do termites use?

Accepted Answer

A)  Filter feeding 
B)  Fluid feeding 
C)  Bulk feeding 
D)  Substrate feeding 
A)  Filter feeding 
B)  Fluid feeding 
C)  Bulk feeding 
D)  Substrate feeding

Question 17

If you put the following events in the order they occur in the human digestive system, which would be the third event in the series?

Accepted Answer

A)  Cells in gastric pits secrete protons. 
B)  Pepsin activates pepsinogen. 
C)  HCl activates pepsinogen. 
D)  Partially digested food enters the small intestine. 
A)  Cells in gastric pits secrete protons. 
B)  Pepsin activates pepsinogen. 
C)  HCl activates pepsinogen. 
D)  Partially digested food enters the small intestine.

Question 18

Jasmine, a 36-year-old female, visits her personal care physician complaining of muscle cramps and reduced appetite. Which of the following options would a doctor likely advise her to do to reduce her symptoms?

Accepted Answer

A)  eating a banana (high in potassium) 
B)  drinking a sports drink (high in sodium and chlorine) 
C)  eating dark green leafy vegetables (high in magnesium, iron, and calcium) 
D)  drinking water from the kitchen sink (high in fluoride) 
A)  eating a banana (high in potassium) 
B)  drinking a sports drink (high in sodium and chlorine) 
C)  eating dark green leafy vegetables (high in magnesium, iron, and calcium) 
D)  drinking water from the kitchen sink (high in fluoride)

Question 19

The mammalian trachea and esophagus both connect to the ________.

Accepted Answer

A)  pharynx 
B)  stomach 
C)  large intestine 
D)  rectum 
A)  pharynx 
B)  stomach 
C)  large intestine 
D)  rectum

Question 20

Which of the following organs is correctly paired with its function?

Accepted Answer

A)  stomach-fat digestion 
B)  large intestine-bile production 
C)  small intestine-polysaccharide digestion 
D)  pancreas-starch digestion 
A)  stomach-fat digestion 
B)  large intestine-bile production 
C)  small intestine-polysaccharide digestion 
D)  pancreas-starch digestion

Exam 42: Animal Digestive Systems

Fat digestion yields fatty acids and glycerol. Protein digestion yields amino acids. Both digestive processes ________.

Ticks are parasites that obtain nutrients by ingesting blood from a host animal. Ticks would be classified as ________.

Varsha is a paleontologist and discovers an intact mammalian skull with large, wide molars, and thin incisors only at the front of the jaw. The skull was lacking canines. What type of diet did this mammal likely eat?

The active ingredient orlistat acts to decrease the amount of fat that is absorbed by attaching to enzymes that digest fat. Which of the following is a potential target of orlistat?

If there is a strong genetic link for type II diabetes mellitus in your family, which option might you take to minimize your risk of developing the disorder?

Lysine is an essential amino acid for animals. An animal that lacked lysine in its diet ________.

Examine the digestive system structures in the figure. In which labeled structure is the rate of nutrient absorption the highest?

Fat digestion yields fatty acids and glycerol, whereas protein digestion yields amino acids. Which of the following statements is true regarding these processes?

What converts pepsinogen to its active form in the stomach?

Which benefit do intestinal bacteria gain living in a mutualistic relationship with an animal?

Which statement best explains why cattle able to survive on a diet consisting almost entirely of plant material?

Gastroliths are stones that are used by the digestive systems of some animals to perform mechanical digestion. Fossilized gastroliths have been found with dinosaur skeletons. What does this evidence suggest about the digestive systems of dinosaurs?

A fasting animal whose energy needs exceed those provided in its diet will draw on its stored resources in which order?

Which of the following statements correctly describes peristalsis?

Which statement best describes how stomach cells survive the acidity and protein-digesting activities in the stomach?

Termites are insects that eat a variety of dead plants, but they are most well-known for burrowing into wooden structures (including houses!) and eating the cellulose within the wood. What type of feeding mechanism do termites use?

If you put the following events in the order they occur in the human digestive system, which would be the third event in the series?

Jasmine, a 36-year-old female, visits her personal care physician complaining of muscle cramps and reduced appetite. Which of the following options would a doctor likely advise her to do to reduce her symptoms?

The mammalian trachea and esophagus both connect to the ________.

Which of the following organs is correctly paired with its function?

Biology and Its Themes

Atoms and Molecules

The Chemistry of Water

Carbon: the Basis of Molecular Diversity

Biological Macromolecules and Lipids

Energy and Life

Cell Structure and Function

Cell Membranes

Cellular Signaling

Cell Respiration

Photosynthetic Processes

Mitosis

Sexual Life Cycles and Meiosis

Mendelian Genetics

Linkage and Chromosomes

Nucleic Acids and Inheritance

Expression of Genes

Control of Gene Expression

Dna Technology

The Evolution of Genomes

How Evolution Works

Phylogenetic Reconstruction

Microevolution

Species and Speciation

Macroevolution

Introduction to Viruses

Prokaryotes

The Origin and Evolution of Eukaryotes

Nonvascular and Seedless Vascular Plants

Seed Plants

Introduction to Fungi

An Introduction to Animal Diversity

Invertebrates

Vertebrates

Plant Structure and Growth

Transport in Vascular Plants

Plant Nutrition

Reproduction of Flowering Plants

Plant Signals and Behavior

The Animal Body

Chemical Signals in Animals

Animal Transport Systems

Animal Excretory Systems

Animal Reproductive Systems

Development in Animals

Animal Defenses Against Infection

Electrical Signals in Animals

Neural Regulation in Animals

Sensation and Movement in Animals

An Overview of Ecology

Behavioral Ecology

Populations and Life History Traits

Biodiversity and Communities

Energy Flow and Chemical Cycling in Ecosystems

Conservation and Global Ecology

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