Question 1

Which of the following pairs have antagonistic effects towards each other?

Accepted Answer

A)  the motor system and the autonomic nervous system 
B)  the sympathetic and parasympathetic divisions of the autonomic nervous system 
C)  the enteric nervous system and the motor system 
D)  the central nervous system and the peripheral nervous system 
A)  the motor system and the autonomic nervous system 
B)  the sympathetic and parasympathetic divisions of the autonomic nervous system 
C)  the enteric nervous system and the motor system 
D)  the central nervous system and the peripheral nervous system B

Question 2

Which of the following strategies allows bottlenose dolphins to breathe air while sleeping in the ocean?

Accepted Answer

A)  they sleep for only 30 minutes at a time, which is the maximum interval they can cease breathing 
B)  they fill their swim bladder with air to keep their blowholes above the surface of the water while they sleep 
C)  they move to shallow water to sleep, so they do not need to swim to keep their blowholes above the surface of the water 
D)  they alternate which half of their brain is asleep and which half is awake 
A)  they sleep for only 30 minutes at a time, which is the maximum interval they can cease breathing 
B)  they fill their swim bladder with air to keep their blowholes above the surface of the water while they sleep 
C)  they move to shallow water to sleep, so they do not need to swim to keep their blowholes above the surface of the water 
D)  they alternate which half of their brain is asleep and which half is awake D

Question 3

In which part of the brain are sleep and arousal regulated?

Accepted Answer

A)  the basal nuclei 
B)  the cerebral cortex 
C)  the reticular formation 
D)  the limbic system 
A)  the basal nuclei 
B)  the cerebral cortex 
C)  the reticular formation 
D)  the limbic system C

Question 4

For which of the following do experiments indicate an association with autism?

Accepted Answer

A)  exposure to vaccine preservatives 
B)  a disruption of activity-dependent remodeling at synapses 
C)  a decline in the ability to generate NMDA and AMPA receptors 
D)  a disruption of the binding capacity of acetylcholine to NMDA receptors 
A)  exposure to vaccine preservatives 
B)  a disruption of activity-dependent remodeling at synapses 
C)  a decline in the ability to generate NMDA and AMPA receptors 
D)  a disruption of the binding capacity of acetylcholine to NMDA receptors

Question 5

What neurotransmitter is involved in schizophrenia, Parkinson's disease, and drug addiction?

Accepted Answer

A)  glutamate 
B)  dopamine 
C)  norepinephrine 
D)  acetylcholine 
A)  glutamate 
B)  dopamine 
C)  norepinephrine 
D)  acetylcholine

Question 6

Which of the following controls balance and coordinates movements in humans?

Accepted Answer

A)  hypothalamus 
B)  cerebrum 
C)  cerebellum 
D)  spinal cord 
A)  hypothalamus 
B)  cerebrum 
C)  cerebellum 
D)  spinal cord

Question 7

Which of the following describes a difference between bipolar disorder and schizophrenia?

Accepted Answer

A)  schizophrenia typically involves hallucinations, not seen in bipolar disorder 
B)  schizophrenia typically involves manic and depressive states, not seen in bipolar disorder 
C)  bipolar disorder involves genes and factors in the environment, not seen in schizophrenia 
D)  bipolar disorder increases biogenic amines not seen in schizophrenia 
A)  schizophrenia typically involves hallucinations, not seen in bipolar disorder 
B)  schizophrenia typically involves manic and depressive states, not seen in bipolar disorder 
C)  bipolar disorder involves genes and factors in the environment, not seen in schizophrenia 
D)  bipolar disorder increases biogenic amines not seen in schizophrenia

Question 8

In which part of the brain is the suprachiasmatic nucleus located?

Accepted Answer

A)  hypothalamus 
B)  epithalamus 
C)  amygdala 
D)  Broca's area 
A)  hypothalamus 
B)  epithalamus 
C)  amygdala 
D)  Broca's area

Question 9

Among molluscs, which of the following traits is associated with cephalization?

Accepted Answer

A)  a complete gut 
B)  active predation 
C)  radial symmetry 
D)  segmentation 
A)  a complete gut 
B)  active predation 
C)  radial symmetry 
D)  segmentation

Question 10

A patient's reflexes were tested during a medical exam. There is no reaction to the patellar tendon reflex. Where might pathology occur?

Accepted Answer

A)  gray matter in the brain 
B)  white matter in the brain 
C)  the spinal cord 
D)  cerebrospinal fluid 
A)  gray matter in the brain 
B)  white matter in the brain 
C)  the spinal cord 
D)  cerebrospinal fluid

Question 11

In which brain structure are circadian rhythms coordinated?

Accepted Answer

A)  pituitary gland 
B)  hypothalamus 
C)  cerebrum 
D)  thalamus 
A)  pituitary gland 
B)  hypothalamus 
C)  cerebrum 
D)  thalamus

Question 12

Which of the following structures contains an abundance of axons?

Accepted Answer

A)  in the gray matter of the brain and the white matter of the spinal cord 
B)  in the white matter of the brain and the gray matter of the spinal cord 
C)  in the gray matter of the brain and the gray matter of the spinal cord 
D)  in the white matter of the brain and the white matter of the spinal cord 
A)  in the gray matter of the brain and the white matter of the spinal cord 
B)  in the white matter of the brain and the gray matter of the spinal cord 
C)  in the gray matter of the brain and the gray matter of the spinal cord 
D)  in the white matter of the brain and the white matter of the spinal cord

Question 13

What do we call the point of connection between two communicating neurons?

Accepted Answer

A)  an axon hillock 
B)  a dendrite 
C)  a synapse 
D)  a glion 
A)  an axon hillock 
B)  a dendrite 
C)  a synapse 
D)  a glion

Question 14

Which part(s) of your brain are most involved in writing an essay?

Accepted Answer

A)  frontal lobes 
B)  parietal lobe 
C)  Broca's area 
D)  occipital lobe 
A)  frontal lobes 
B)  parietal lobe 
C)  Broca's area 
D)  occipital lobe

Question 15

Which of the following results from increased activity in the sympathetic nervous system?

Accepted Answer

A)  heart rate decreases 
B)  glucose is converted to glycogen 
C)  digestion is inhibited 
D)  epinephrine secretion is inhibited 
A)  heart rate decreases 
B)  glucose is converted to glycogen 
C)  digestion is inhibited 
D)  epinephrine secretion is inhibited

Question 16

Which of the following is a function of Wernicke's area?

Accepted Answer

A)  It promotes the ability to understand speech. 
B)  It promotes the ability to speak. 
C)  It coordinates the reception of color. 
D)  It helps to initiate the fight-or-flight response. 
A)  It promotes the ability to understand speech. 
B)  It promotes the ability to speak. 
C)  It coordinates the reception of color. 
D)  It helps to initiate the fight-or-flight response.

Question 17

Which of the following best explains the differences in the relative size of particular brain regions of vertebrates?

Accepted Answer

A)  variations in circulatory patterns of blood 
B)  the type of thermoregulation used by a group of vertebrates 
C)  how long a particular group has evolved 
D)  increased responsibilities of a particular brain region 
A)  variations in circulatory patterns of blood 
B)  the type of thermoregulation used by a group of vertebrates 
C)  how long a particular group has evolved 
D)  increased responsibilities of a particular brain region

Question 18

In which part of the brain is body temperature regulated?

Accepted Answer

A)  cerebrum 
B)  cerebellum 
C)  thalamus 
D)  hypothalamus 
A)  cerebrum 
B)  cerebellum 
C)  thalamus 
D)  hypothalamus

Question 19

Injury localized to the hypothalamus would most likely disrupt ________.

Accepted Answer

A)  regulation of body temperature 
B)  short-term memory 
C)  executive functions, such as decision making 
D)  sorting of sensory information 
A)  regulation of body temperature 
B)  short-term memory 
C)  executive functions, such as decision making 
D)  sorting of sensory information

Question 20

Which part of the brain controls breathing, swallowing, vomiting, and digestion?

Accepted Answer

A)  medulla oblongata 
B)  thalamus 
C)  pituitary 
D)  cerebellum 
A)  medulla oblongata 
B)  thalamus 
C)  pituitary 
D)  cerebellum

Exam 49: Neural Regulation in Animals

Which of the following pairs have antagonistic effects towards each other?

Which of the following strategies allows bottlenose dolphins to breathe air while sleeping in the ocean?

In which part of the brain are sleep and arousal regulated?

For which of the following do experiments indicate an association with autism?

What neurotransmitter is involved in schizophrenia, Parkinson's disease, and drug addiction?

Which of the following controls balance and coordinates movements in humans?

Which of the following describes a difference between bipolar disorder and schizophrenia?

In which part of the brain is the suprachiasmatic nucleus located?

Among molluscs, which of the following traits is associated with cephalization?

A patient's reflexes were tested during a medical exam. There is no reaction to the patellar tendon reflex. Where might pathology occur?

In which brain structure are circadian rhythms coordinated?

Which of the following structures contains an abundance of axons?

What do we call the point of connection between two communicating neurons?

Which part(s) of your brain are most involved in writing an essay?

Which of the following results from increased activity in the sympathetic nervous system?

Which of the following is a function of Wernicke's area?

Which of the following best explains the differences in the relative size of particular brain regions of vertebrates?

In which part of the brain is body temperature regulated?

Injury localized to the hypothalamus would most likely disrupt ________.

Which part of the brain controls breathing, swallowing, vomiting, and digestion?

Biology and Its Themes

Atoms and Molecules

The Chemistry of Water

Carbon: the Basis of Molecular Diversity

Biological Macromolecules and Lipids

Energy and Life

Cell Structure and Function

Cell Membranes

Cellular Signaling

Cell Respiration

Photosynthetic Processes

Mitosis

Sexual Life Cycles and Meiosis

Mendelian Genetics

Linkage and Chromosomes

Nucleic Acids and Inheritance

Expression of Genes

Control of Gene Expression

Dna Technology

The Evolution of Genomes

How Evolution Works

Phylogenetic Reconstruction

Microevolution

Species and Speciation

Macroevolution

Introduction to Viruses

Prokaryotes

The Origin and Evolution of Eukaryotes

Nonvascular and Seedless Vascular Plants

Seed Plants

Introduction to Fungi

An Introduction to Animal Diversity

Invertebrates

Vertebrates

Plant Structure and Growth

Transport in Vascular Plants

Plant Nutrition

Reproduction of Flowering Plants

Plant Signals and Behavior

The Animal Body

Chemical Signals in Animals

Animal Digestive Systems

Animal Transport Systems

Animal Excretory Systems

Animal Reproductive Systems

Development in Animals

Animal Defenses Against Infection

Electrical Signals in Animals

Sensation and Movement in Animals

An Overview of Ecology

Behavioral Ecology

Populations and Life History Traits

Biodiversity and Communities

Energy Flow and Chemical Cycling in Ecosystems

Conservation and Global Ecology

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