Question 1

Which structure or compartment is separate from the apoplastic transport route?

Accepted Answer

A)  the lumen of a xylem vessel 
B)  the lumen of a sieve tube 
C)  the cell wall of a mesophyll cell 
D)  the cell wall of a root hair 
A)  the lumen of a xylem vessel 
B)  the lumen of a sieve tube 
C)  the cell wall of a mesophyll cell 
D)  the cell wall of a root hair B

Question 2

Movement of phloem sap from a source to a sink ________.

Accepted Answer

A)  occurs through the apoplast of sieve-tube elements 
B)  depends ultimately on the activity of proton pumps 
C)  depends on tension, or negative pressure potential 
D)  results mainly from diffusion 
A)  occurs through the apoplast of sieve-tube elements 
B)  depends ultimately on the activity of proton pumps 
C)  depends on tension, or negative pressure potential 
D)  results mainly from diffusion B

Question 3

A plant developed a mineral deficiency after being treated with a fungicide. What is the most probable cause of the deficiency?

Accepted Answer

A)  Mineral receptor proteins in the plant membrane were not functioning. 
B)  Mycorrhizal fungi were killed. 
C)  Active transport of minerals was inhibited. 
D)  The genes for the synthesis of transport proteins were destroyed. 
A)  Mineral receptor proteins in the plant membrane were not functioning. 
B)  Mycorrhizal fungi were killed. 
C)  Active transport of minerals was inhibited. 
D)  The genes for the synthesis of transport proteins were destroyed. B

Question 4

A water molecule could move all the way through a plant from soil to root to leaf to air and pass through a living cell only once. This living cell would be a part of which structure?

Accepted Answer

A)  a guard cell 
B)  the root epidermis 
C)  the endodermis 
D)  the root cortex 
A)  a guard cell 
B)  the root epidermis 
C)  the endodermis 
D)  the root cortex

Question 5

Which one of the following does not correctly match the form with its function?

Accepted Answer

A)  stem-water and minerals are transported upward 
B)  xylem sap-transport water and nutrients from roots to shoots upward 
C)  stomata-loss of water by transpiration 
D)  root hairs-decrease surface area in contact with the soil 
A)  stem-water and minerals are transported upward 
B)  xylem sap-transport water and nutrients from roots to shoots upward 
C)  stomata-loss of water by transpiration 
D)  root hairs-decrease surface area in contact with the soil

Question 6

Arrange the following five events in an order that explains the mass flow of materials in the phloem.
1) Water diffuses into the sieve tubes.
2) Leaf cells produce sugar by photosynthesis.
3) Solutes are actively transported into sieve tubes.
4) Sugar is transported from cell to cell in the leaf.
5) Sugar moves down the stem.

Accepted Answer

A)  1, 2, 3, 4, 5 
B)  2, 4, 3, 1, 5 
C)  4, 2, 1, 3, 5 
D)  2, 4, 1, 3, 5 
A)  1, 2, 3, 4, 5 
B)  2, 4, 3, 1, 5 
C)  4, 2, 1, 3, 5 
D)  2, 4, 1, 3, 5

Question 7

How does the same cell differ if it is a flaccid cell compared to a turgid cell?

Accepted Answer

A)  The flaccid cell has higher pressure potential. 
B)  The flaccid cell has lower pressure potential. 
C)  The flaccid cell has higher solute potential. 
D)  The flaccid cell has lower solute potential. 
A)  The flaccid cell has higher pressure potential. 
B)  The flaccid cell has lower pressure potential. 
C)  The flaccid cell has higher solute potential. 
D)  The flaccid cell has lower solute potential.

Question 8

Under which of the following conditions would guttation be most likely to occur?

Accepted Answer

A)  transpiration rates are high 
B)  root pressure exceeds transpiration pull 
C)  the preceding evening was hot, windy, and dry 
D)  roots are not absorbing minerals from the soil 
A)  transpiration rates are high 
B)  root pressure exceeds transpiration pull 
C)  the preceding evening was hot, windy, and dry 
D)  roots are not absorbing minerals from the soil

Question 9

Several tomato plants are growing in a small garden plot. If soil water potential were to drop significantly on a hot, summer afternoon, which of the following would most likely occur?

Accepted Answer

A)  Size of stomatal openings would decrease. 
B)  Transpiration would increase. 
C)  The leaves would become more turgid. 
D)  The uptake of carbon dioxide would be enhanced. 
A)  Size of stomatal openings would decrease. 
B)  Transpiration would increase. 
C)  The leaves would become more turgid. 
D)  The uptake of carbon dioxide would be enhanced.

Question 10

The opening of stomata involves which of the following processes?

Accepted Answer

A)  an increase in the solute concentration of the guard cells 
B)  active transport of water out of the guard cells 
C)  decreased turgor pressure in guard cells 
D)  movement of K+ from the guard cells 
A)  an increase in the solute concentration of the guard cells 
B)  active transport of water out of the guard cells 
C)  decreased turgor pressure in guard cells 
D)  movement of K+ from the guard cells

Question 11

Which of the following best explains decreased photosynthesis in wilted leaves?

Accepted Answer

A)  the chlorophyll in wilting leaves is degraded 
B)  flaccid mesophyll cells are incapable of photosynthesis 
C)  stomata close, preventing carbon dioxide from entering the leaf 
D)  accumulation of carbon dioxide in the leaf inhibits enzymes 
A)  the chlorophyll in wilting leaves is degraded 
B)  flaccid mesophyll cells are incapable of photosynthesis 
C)  stomata close, preventing carbon dioxide from entering the leaf 
D)  accumulation of carbon dioxide in the leaf inhibits enzymes

Question 12

Pressure data, measured from one of the vascular tissue types connecting leaf to root in a 11 m tall tree, is presented in the graph below.   Which of the following is the most appropriate title for this graph?

Accepted Answer

A)  xylem flow from root to leaf 
B)  xylem flow from leaf to root 
C)  phloem flow from root to leaf 
D)  phloem flow from leaf to root 
A)  xylem flow from root to leaf 
B)  xylem flow from leaf to root 
C)  phloem flow from root to leaf 
D)  phloem flow from leaf to root

Question 13

Xerophytes employ a number of different strategies to survive in very dry environments. The following table summarizes average stomatal densities from desert plants with four different ecological strategies.
 
Based on the data, plants adopting which ecological strategy are most likely to have stomata sunken below the epidermis or in crypts?

Accepted Answer

A)  stem succulents 
B)  leaf succulents 
C)  evergreen trees and shrubs 
D)  deciduous trees and shrubs 
A)  stem succulents 
B)  leaf succulents 
C)  evergreen trees and shrubs 
D)  deciduous trees and shrubs

Question 14

Plants adapted to arid environments are described as which of the following?

Accepted Answer

A)  mesophytes 
B)  xerophytes 
C)  hydrophytes 
D)  halophytes 
A)  mesophytes 
B)  xerophytes 
C)  hydrophytes 
D)  halophytes

Question 15

Which of the following best describes the protoplast?

Accepted Answer

A)  all cell components other than the nucleus 
B)  all cell components other than the cell membrane 
C)  only the cytoplasm and nucleus 
D)  the living part of the cell, including the cell membrane 
A)  all cell components other than the nucleus 
B)  all cell components other than the cell membrane 
C)  only the cytoplasm and nucleus 
D)  the living part of the cell, including the cell membrane

Question 16

Which of the following best predicts the movement of water across biological membranes?

Accepted Answer

A)  prevailing weather conditions 
B)  aquaporins 
C)  level of active transport 
D)  water potentials 
A)  prevailing weather conditions 
B)  aquaporins 
C)  level of active transport 
D)  water potentials

Question 17

Which of the following are important components of long-distance transport process in xylem?
I. the cohesion of water molecules
II. a negative water potential
III. the active transport of solutes
IV. bulk flow from source to sink

Accepted Answer

A)  I and II only 
B)  1 and III only 
C)  I, III, and IV only 
D)  I, II, III, and IV 
A)  I and II only 
B)  1 and III only 
C)  I, III, and IV only 
D)  I, II, III, and IV

Question 18

The symplastic route can transport which of the following?

Accepted Answer

A)  sugars, mRNA, and mitochondria 
B)  mRNA, mitochondria, and proteins 
C)  mitochondria, mRNA, and viruses 
D)  viruses, sugars, and mRNA 
A)  sugars, mRNA, and mitochondria 
B)  mRNA, mitochondria, and proteins 
C)  mitochondria, mRNA, and viruses 
D)  viruses, sugars, and mRNA

Question 19

Compared to a cell with few aquaporins in its membrane, a cell containing many aquaporins will have which of the following?

Accepted Answer

A)  a faster rate of osmosis 
B)  a lower water potential 
C)  a higher water potential 
D)  a faster rate of active transport 
A)  a faster rate of osmosis 
B)  a lower water potential 
C)  a higher water potential 
D)  a faster rate of active transport

Question 20

If you place a flaccid plant cell in pure water, which of the following will occur?

Accepted Answer

A)  Water will not enter the cell because the flaccid cell has solutes and low water potential. 
B)  Water enters the cell because the flaccid cell has solutes and low water potential. 
C)  Water enters the cell because the flaccid cell has solutes and high water potential. 
D)  Water will not enter the cell because the flaccid cell has solutes and high water potential. 
A)  Water will not enter the cell because the flaccid cell has solutes and low water potential. 
B)  Water enters the cell because the flaccid cell has solutes and low water potential. 
C)  Water enters the cell because the flaccid cell has solutes and high water potential. 
D)  Water will not enter the cell because the flaccid cell has solutes and high water potential.

Exam 36: Transport in Vascular Plants

Which structure or compartment is separate from the apoplastic transport route?

Movement of phloem sap from a source to a sink ________.

A plant developed a mineral deficiency after being treated with a fungicide. What is the most probable cause of the deficiency?

A water molecule could move all the way through a plant from soil to root to leaf to air and pass through a living cell only once. This living cell would be a part of which structure?

Which one of the following does not correctly match the form with its function?

How does the same cell differ if it is a flaccid cell compared to a turgid cell?

Under which of the following conditions would guttation be most likely to occur?

Several tomato plants are growing in a small garden plot. If soil water potential were to drop significantly on a hot, summer afternoon, which of the following would most likely occur?

The opening of stomata involves which of the following processes?

Which of the following best explains decreased photosynthesis in wilted leaves?

Pressure data, measured from one of the vascular tissue types connecting leaf to root in a 11 m tall tree, is presented in the graph below. Which of the following is the most appropriate title for this graph?

Plants adapted to arid environments are described as which of the following?

Which of the following best describes the protoplast?

Which of the following best predicts the movement of water across biological membranes?

Which of the following are important components of long-distance transport process in xylem? I. the cohesion of water molecules II. a negative water potential III. the active transport of solutes IV. bulk flow from source to sink

The symplastic route can transport which of the following?

Compared to a cell with few aquaporins in its membrane, a cell containing many aquaporins will have which of the following?

If you place a flaccid plant cell in pure water, which of the following will occur?

Biology and Its Themes

Atoms and Molecules

The Chemistry of Water

Carbon: the Basis of Molecular Diversity

Biological Macromolecules and Lipids

Energy and Life

Cell Structure and Function

Cell Membranes

Cellular Signaling

Cell Respiration

Photosynthetic Processes

Mitosis

Sexual Life Cycles and Meiosis

Mendelian Genetics

Linkage and Chromosomes

Nucleic Acids and Inheritance

Expression of Genes

Control of Gene Expression

Dna Technology

The Evolution of Genomes

How Evolution Works

Phylogenetic Reconstruction

Microevolution

Species and Speciation

Macroevolution

Introduction to Viruses

Prokaryotes

The Origin and Evolution of Eukaryotes

Nonvascular and Seedless Vascular Plants

Seed Plants

Introduction to Fungi

An Introduction to Animal Diversity

Invertebrates

Vertebrates

Plant Structure and Growth

Plant Nutrition

Reproduction of Flowering Plants

Plant Signals and Behavior

The Animal Body

Chemical Signals in Animals

Animal Digestive Systems

Animal Transport Systems

Animal Excretory Systems

Animal Reproductive Systems

Development in Animals

Animal Defenses Against Infection

Electrical Signals in Animals

Neural Regulation in Animals

Sensation and Movement in Animals

An Overview of Ecology

Behavioral Ecology

Populations and Life History Traits

Biodiversity and Communities

Energy Flow and Chemical Cycling in Ecosystems

Conservation and Global Ecology

Filters