Question 1

Which of the following is the primary function of RNA molecule?

Accepted Answer

A)  transmit genetic information to offspring 
B)  function in the synthesis of proteins 
C)  make a copy of itself, thus ensuring genetic continuity 
D)  act as a pattern or blueprint to form DNA 
A)  transmit genetic information to offspring 
B)  function in the synthesis of proteins 
C)  make a copy of itself, thus ensuring genetic continuity 
D)  act as a pattern or blueprint to form DNA B

Question 2

Why can humans digest starch but not cellulose?

Accepted Answer

A)  Humans have enzymes that can hydrolyze the α-glycosidic linkages of starch but not the β-glycosidic linkages of cellulose. 
B)  Starch monomers are joined by covalent bonds, and cellulose monomers are joined by ionic bonds. 
C)  The monomer of starch is glucose, while the monomer of cellulose is galactose. 
D)  Starch is softer than cellulose. 
A)  Humans have enzymes that can hydrolyze the α-glycosidic linkages of starch but not the β-glycosidic linkages of cellulose. 
B)  Starch monomers are joined by covalent bonds, and cellulose monomers are joined by ionic bonds. 
C)  The monomer of starch is glucose, while the monomer of cellulose is galactose. 
D)  Starch is softer than cellulose. A

Question 3

Which of the following has been associated with atherosclerosis and should be eliminated from one's diet for health reasons?

Accepted Answer

A)  butter 
B)  olive oil 
C)  liver and kidney organ meat 
D)  butter, liver, and kidney organ meat 
A)  butter 
B)  olive oil 
C)  liver and kidney organ meat 
D)  butter, liver, and kidney organ meat D

Question 4

Which statement about unsaturated fats is true?

Accepted Answer

A)  They are more common in animals than in plants. 
B)  They have double bonds in their fatty acid chains. 
C)  They generally solidify at room temperature. 
D)  They contain more hydrogen than do saturated fats having the same number of carbon atoms. 
A)  They are more common in animals than in plants. 
B)  They have double bonds in their fatty acid chains. 
C)  They generally solidify at room temperature. 
D)  They contain more hydrogen than do saturated fats having the same number of carbon atoms.

Question 5

Which of the following categories includes all others in the list?

Accepted Answer

A)  disaccharide 
B)  polysaccharide 
C)  starch 
D)  carbohydrate 
A)  disaccharide 
B)  polysaccharide 
C)  starch 
D)  carbohydrate

Question 6

Which of the following is not analogous to a biological polymer?

Accepted Answer

A)  a train 
B)  a pearl strand necklace 
C)  an iron chain 
D)  a truck 
A)  a train 
B)  a pearl strand necklace 
C)  an iron chain 
D)  a truck

Question 7

The structural level of a protein least affected by a disruption in hydrogen bonding is the ________.

Accepted Answer

A)  primary level 
B)  secondary level 
C)  tertiary level 
D)  quaternary level 
A)  primary level 
B)  secondary level 
C)  tertiary level 
D)  quaternary level

Question 8

Which of the following are possible base compositions for double-stranded DNA?
%A %G %C %T %U

Accepted Answer

A)  5 45 45 5 0 
B)  20 20 20 20 20 
C)  35 15 35 15 0 
D)  All of the above 
A)  5 45 45 5 0 
B)  20 20 20 20 20 
C)  35 15 35 15 0 
D)  All of the above

Question 9

Maltose is a disaccharide that can easily be digested into glucose molecules. Which type of glycosidic linkage connects glucose molecules in maltose?

Accepted Answer

A)  β 1-4 
B)  α 1-2 
C)  α 1-4 
D)  β 1-2 
A)  β 1-4 
B)  α 1-2 
C)  α 1-4 
D)  β 1-2

Question 10

The difference between an aldose sugar and a ketose sugar is ________.

Accepted Answer

A)  the number of carbon atoms 
B)  the position of the hydroxyl groups 
C)  the position of the carbonyl group 
D)  the ring form and the linear chain 
A)  the number of carbon atoms 
B)  the position of the hydroxyl groups 
C)  the position of the carbonyl group 
D)  the ring form and the linear chain

Question 11

Which of the following pairs of base sequences could form a short stretch of a normal double helix of DNA?

Accepted Answer

A)  5′-AGCT-3′ with 5′-TCGA-3′ 
B)  5′-GCGC-3′ with 5′-TATA-3′ 
C)  5′-ATGC-3′ with 5′-GCAT-3′ 
D)  All of these pairs are correct. 
A)  5′-AGCT-3′ with 5′-TCGA-3′ 
B)  5′-GCGC-3′ with 5′-TATA-3′ 
C)  5′-ATGC-3′ with 5′-GCAT-3′ 
D)  All of these pairs are correct.

Question 12

Starch is composed of which of the following?

Accepted Answer

A)  branched amylopectin and branched amylose 
B)  unbranched amylopectin and unbranched amylose 
C)  branched amylopectin and unbranched amylose 
D)  unbranched amylopectin and branched amylose 
A)  branched amylopectin and branched amylose 
B)  unbranched amylopectin and unbranched amylose 
C)  branched amylopectin and unbranched amylose 
D)  unbranched amylopectin and branched amylose

Question 13

The molecular formula of a carbohydrate molecule is C24H42O21. The maximum number of glucose and water molecules that will be consumed by complete hydrolysis of the carbohydrate is ________.

Accepted Answer

A)  6 molecules of glucose and 3 molecules of water 
B)  4 molecules of glucose and 4 molecules of water 
C)  4 molecules of glucose and 3 molecules of water 
D)  6 molecules of glucose and 5 molecules of water 
A)  6 molecules of glucose and 3 molecules of water 
B)  4 molecules of glucose and 4 molecules of water 
C)  4 molecules of glucose and 3 molecules of water 
D)  6 molecules of glucose and 5 molecules of water

Question 14

How many amino acids and peptide bonds does a tetrapeptide have?

Accepted Answer

A)  four amino acids and three peptide bonds 
B)  four amino acids and four peptide bonds 
C)  three amino acids and four peptide bonds 
D)  four amino acids and two peptide bonds 
A)  four amino acids and three peptide bonds 
B)  four amino acids and four peptide bonds 
C)  three amino acids and four peptide bonds 
D)  four amino acids and two peptide bonds

Question 15

Which of the following statements is correct regarding starch and cellulose?

Accepted Answer

A)  They are polymers of glucose. 
B)  They are cis and trans isomers of each other. 
C)  They are used for energy storage in plants and animals. 
D)  They are structural components of the plant cell wall. 
A)  They are polymers of glucose. 
B)  They are cis and trans isomers of each other. 
C)  They are used for energy storage in plants and animals. 
D)  They are structural components of the plant cell wall.

Question 16

Which of the following statements describes the interaction of water molecules with phospholipids?

Accepted Answer

A)  The polar heads avoid water; the nonpolar tails attract water (because water is polar and opposites attract). 
B)  Phospholipids do not interact with water because water is polar and lipids are nonpolar. 
C)  The polar heads interact with water; the nonpolar tails do not. 
D)  Phospholipids dissolve in water. 
A)  The polar heads avoid water; the nonpolar tails attract water (because water is polar and opposites attract). 
B)  Phospholipids do not interact with water because water is polar and lipids are nonpolar. 
C)  The polar heads interact with water; the nonpolar tails do not. 
D)  Phospholipids dissolve in water.

Question 17

The following question is based on the 15 molecules illustrated in the figures.

Which of the following molecules is a purine nitrogenous base?

Accepted Answer

A)  2 
B)  5 
C)  12 
D)  13 
A)  2 
B)  5 
C)  12 
D)  13

Question 18

In sickle-cell disease, as a result of a single amino acid change, the mutant hemoglobin tetramers associate with each other and assemble into large fibers. Based on this information alone, what does the sickle-cell hemoglobin exhibit?

Accepted Answer

A)  only altered primary structure 
B)  only altered tertiary structure 
C)  only altered quaternary structure 
D)  altered primary structure and altered quaternary structure; the secondary and tertiary structures may or may not be altered 
A)  only altered primary structure 
B)  only altered tertiary structure 
C)  only altered quaternary structure 
D)  altered primary structure and altered quaternary structure; the secondary and tertiary structures may or may not be altered

Question 19

You have just sequenced a new protein isolated from mice and observe that sulfur-containing cysteine residues occur at regular intervals. "This finding is most consistent with which of the following claims about the protein?

Accepted Answer

A)  Cysteine residues are required for the formation of α helices and β pleated sheets. 
B)  It will be important to include cysteine in the diet of the mice. 
C)  Cysteine residues are involved in disulfide bridges that help form tertiary structure. 
D)  Cysteine causes bends, or angles, to occur in the tertiary structure of proteins. 
A)  Cysteine residues are required for the formation of α helices and β pleated sheets. 
B)  It will be important to include cysteine in the diet of the mice. 
C)  Cysteine residues are involved in disulfide bridges that help form tertiary structure. 
D)  Cysteine causes bends, or angles, to occur in the tertiary structure of proteins.

Question 20

The following question is based on the 15 molecules illustrated in the figures.

A fat (or triacylglycerol) would be formed as a result of a dehydration reaction between ________.

Accepted Answer

A)  one molecule of 9 and three molecules of 10 
B)  three molecules of 9 and one molecule of 10 
C)  one molecule of 5 and three molecules of 9 
D)  one molecule of 5 and three molecules of 10 
A)  one molecule of 9 and three molecules of 10 
B)  three molecules of 9 and one molecule of 10 
C)  one molecule of 5 and three molecules of 9 
D)  one molecule of 5 and three molecules of 10

Exam 5: Biological Macromolecules and Lipids

Which of the following is the primary function of RNA molecule?

Why can humans digest starch but not cellulose?

Which of the following has been associated with atherosclerosis and should be eliminated from one's diet for health reasons?

Which statement about unsaturated fats is true?

Which of the following categories includes all others in the list?

Which of the following is not analogous to a biological polymer?

The structural level of a protein least affected by a disruption in hydrogen bonding is the ________.

Which of the following are possible base compositions for double-stranded DNA? %A %G %C %T %U

Maltose is a disaccharide that can easily be digested into glucose molecules. Which type of glycosidic linkage connects glucose molecules in maltose?

The difference between an aldose sugar and a ketose sugar is ________.

Which of the following pairs of base sequences could form a short stretch of a normal double helix of DNA?

Starch is composed of which of the following?

The molecular formula of a carbohydrate molecule is C24H42O21. The maximum number of glucose and water molecules that will be consumed by complete hydrolysis of the carbohydrate is ________.

How many amino acids and peptide bonds does a tetrapeptide have?

Which of the following statements is correct regarding starch and cellulose?

Which of the following statements describes the interaction of water molecules with phospholipids?

The following question is based on the 15 molecules illustrated in the figures. Which of the following molecules is a purine nitrogenous base?

In sickle-cell disease, as a result of a single amino acid change, the mutant hemoglobin tetramers associate with each other and assemble into large fibers. Based on this information alone, what does the sickle-cell hemoglobin exhibit?

You have just sequenced a new protein isolated from mice and observe that sulfur-containing cysteine residues occur at regular intervals. "This finding is most consistent with which of the following claims about the protein?

The following question is based on the 15 molecules illustrated in the figures. A fat (or triacylglycerol) would be formed as a result of a dehydration reaction between ________.

Biology and Its Themes

Atoms and Molecules

The Chemistry of Water

Carbon: the Basis of Molecular Diversity

Energy and Life

Cell Structure and Function

Cell Membranes

Cellular Signaling

Cell Respiration

Photosynthetic Processes

Mitosis

Sexual Life Cycles and Meiosis

Mendelian Genetics

Linkage and Chromosomes

Nucleic Acids and Inheritance

Expression of Genes

Control of Gene Expression

Dna Technology

The Evolution of Genomes

How Evolution Works

Phylogenetic Reconstruction

Microevolution

Species and Speciation

Macroevolution

Introduction to Viruses

Prokaryotes

The Origin and Evolution of Eukaryotes

Nonvascular and Seedless Vascular Plants

Seed Plants

Introduction to Fungi

An Introduction to Animal Diversity

Invertebrates

Vertebrates

Plant Structure and Growth

Transport in Vascular Plants

Plant Nutrition

Reproduction of Flowering Plants

Plant Signals and Behavior

The Animal Body

Chemical Signals in Animals

Animal Digestive Systems

Animal Transport Systems

Animal Excretory Systems

Animal Reproductive Systems

Development in Animals

Animal Defenses Against Infection

Electrical Signals in Animals

Neural Regulation in Animals

Sensation and Movement in Animals

An Overview of Ecology

Behavioral Ecology

Populations and Life History Traits

Biodiversity and Communities

Energy Flow and Chemical Cycling in Ecosystems

Conservation and Global Ecology

Filters

The molecular formula of a carbohydrate molecule is C24H42O₂1. The maximum number of glucose and water molecules that will be consumed by complete hydrolysis of the carbohydrate is ________.