Question 1

If one strand of a DNA molecule has the sequence of bases 5′-ATTGCA-3′, the mRNA synthesized following the template will be ________.

Accepted Answer

A)  5′-TAACGT-3′ 
B)  5′-TGCAAT-3′ 
C)  3′-UAACGU-5′ 
D)  5′-UGCAAU-3′ 
A)  5′-TAACGT-3′ 
B)  5′-TGCAAT-3′ 
C)  3′-UAACGU-5′ 
D)  5′-UGCAAU-3′

Question 2

A new organism is discovered in the forests of Costa Rica. Scientists there determine that the polypeptide sequence of hemoglobin from the new organism has 72 amino acid differences from humans, 65 differences from a gibbon, 49 differences from a rat, and 5 differences from a frog. These data suggest that the new organism is more closely related to ________.

Accepted Answer

A)  humans than to frogs 
B)  frogs than to humans 
C)  rats than to frogs 
D)  gibbons than to rats 
A)  humans than to frogs 
B)  frogs than to humans 
C)  rats than to frogs 
D)  gibbons than to rats

Question 3

The "flow of genetic information" in molecular biology follows the following path, ________.

Accepted Answer

A)  DNA is transcribed into RNA, which is translated into protein 
B)  DNA is translated into protein 
C)  DNA is translated into RNA, which is transcribed into protein 
D)  RNA is transcribed into protein 
A)  DNA is transcribed into RNA, which is translated into protein 
B)  DNA is translated into protein 
C)  DNA is translated into RNA, which is transcribed into protein 
D)  RNA is transcribed into protein

Question 4

Which of the following statements about the 5′ end of a polynucleotide strand of RNA is correct?

Accepted Answer

A)  It has a hydroxyl group attached to the number 5 carbon of ribose. 
B)  It has a phosphate group attached to the number 5 carbon of ribose. 
C)  It has phosphate attached to the number 5 carbon of the nitrogenous base. 
D)  It has a carboxyl group attached to the number 5 carbon of ribose. 
A)  It has a hydroxyl group attached to the number 5 carbon of ribose. 
B)  It has a phosphate group attached to the number 5 carbon of ribose. 
C)  It has phosphate attached to the number 5 carbon of the nitrogenous base. 
D)  It has a carboxyl group attached to the number 5 carbon of ribose.

Question 5

Extraction of lipids from a tissue sample requires organic solvent because ________.

Accepted Answer

A)  organic solvents are easily accessible 
B)  lipids are hydrophobic, and they can only be solubilized in organic solvent 
C)  organic solvents keep the temperature low and manageable 
D)  organic solvents are cheaper 
A)  organic solvents are easily accessible 
B)  lipids are hydrophobic, and they can only be solubilized in organic solvent 
C)  organic solvents keep the temperature low and manageable 
D)  organic solvents are cheaper

Question 6

An individual experiences abdominal discomfort after consuming a drink containing milk. A loss of function of which enzyme is most likely responsible for the symptoms?

Accepted Answer

A)  lactase that breaks down the bond between galactose and glucose 
B)  lactose that breaks down the bond between two glucose molecules 
C)  maltase that breaks down the bond between galactose and glucose 
D)  maltose that breaks down the bond between two glucose molecules 
A)  lactase that breaks down the bond between galactose and glucose 
B)  lactose that breaks down the bond between two glucose molecules 
C)  maltase that breaks down the bond between galactose and glucose 
D)  maltose that breaks down the bond between two glucose molecules

Question 7

Which of the following is similar between RNA and DNA?

Accepted Answer

A)  type of sugar 
B)  type of pyrimidine base 
C)  type of purine base 
D)  number of strands 
A)  type of sugar 
B)  type of pyrimidine base 
C)  type of purine base 
D)  number of strands

Question 8

The following question is based on the 15 molecules illustrated in the figures.

Which of the following molecule when added to nucleoside turns it into a nucleotide?

Accepted Answer

A)  2 
B)  6 
C)  11 
D)  11 and 13 
A)  2 
B)  6 
C)  11 
D)  11 and 13

Question 9

Which of the following is a biological advantage of storing glucose molecules in branched polymers?

Accepted Answer

A)  They can be stacked together to save space. 
B)  They are insoluble and so provide strength to the molecule. 
C)  They have more sites for enzymatic attack than do unbranched polymers. 
D)  They are resistant to enzymes. 
A)  They can be stacked together to save space. 
B)  They are insoluble and so provide strength to the molecule. 
C)  They have more sites for enzymatic attack than do unbranched polymers. 
D)  They are resistant to enzymes.

Question 10

The molecular formula for glucose is C6H12O6. What would be the molecular formula for a polymer made by linking ten glucose molecules together by dehydration reactions?

Accepted Answer

A)  C60H120O60 
B)  C60H102O51 
C)  C60H100O50 
D)  C60H111O51 
A)  C60H120O60 
B)  C60H102O51 
C)  C60H100O50 
D)  C60H111O51

Question 11

If 14C-labeled uracil is added to the growth medium of cells, what macromolecules will be labeled?

Accepted Answer

A)  DNA 
B)  RNA 
C)  both DNA and RNA 
D)  polypeptides 
A)  DNA 
B)  RNA 
C)  both DNA and RNA 
D)  polypeptides

Exam 5: Biological Macromolecules and Lipids

If one strand of a DNA molecule has the sequence of bases 5′-ATTGCA-3′, the mRNA synthesized following the template will be ________.

The "flow of genetic information" in molecular biology follows the following path, ________.

Which of the following statements about the 5′ end of a polynucleotide strand of RNA is correct?

Extraction of lipids from a tissue sample requires organic solvent because ________.

An individual experiences abdominal discomfort after consuming a drink containing milk. A loss of function of which enzyme is most likely responsible for the symptoms?

Which of the following is similar between RNA and DNA?

The following question is based on the 15 molecules illustrated in the figures. Which of the following molecule when added to nucleoside turns it into a nucleotide?

Which of the following is a biological advantage of storing glucose molecules in branched polymers?

The molecular formula for glucose is C6H12O6. What would be the molecular formula for a polymer made by linking ten glucose molecules together by dehydration reactions?

If 14C-labeled uracil is added to the growth medium of cells, what macromolecules will be labeled?

Biology and Its Themes

Atoms and Molecules

The Chemistry of Water

Carbon: the Basis of Molecular Diversity

Energy and Life

Cell Structure and Function

Cell Membranes

Cellular Signaling

Cell Respiration

Photosynthetic Processes

Mitosis

Sexual Life Cycles and Meiosis

Mendelian Genetics

Linkage and Chromosomes

Nucleic Acids and Inheritance

Expression of Genes

Control of Gene Expression

Dna Technology

The Evolution of Genomes

How Evolution Works

Phylogenetic Reconstruction

Microevolution

Species and Speciation

Macroevolution

Introduction to Viruses

Prokaryotes

The Origin and Evolution of Eukaryotes

Nonvascular and Seedless Vascular Plants

Seed Plants

Introduction to Fungi

An Introduction to Animal Diversity

Invertebrates

Vertebrates

Plant Structure and Growth

Transport in Vascular Plants

Plant Nutrition

Reproduction of Flowering Plants

Plant Signals and Behavior

The Animal Body

Chemical Signals in Animals

Animal Digestive Systems

Animal Transport Systems

Animal Excretory Systems

Animal Reproductive Systems

Development in Animals

Animal Defenses Against Infection

Electrical Signals in Animals

Neural Regulation in Animals

Sensation and Movement in Animals

An Overview of Ecology

Behavioral Ecology

Populations and Life History Traits

Biodiversity and Communities

Energy Flow and Chemical Cycling in Ecosystems

Conservation and Global Ecology

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The molecular formula for glucose is C6H12O₆. What would be the molecular formula for a polymer made by linking ten glucose molecules together by dehydration reactions?