Question 1

Which one of the following nutrients plays a critical role as a component of proteins?

Accepted Answer

A)  potassium 
B)  calcium 
C)  magnesium 
D)  sulfur 
A)  potassium 
B)  calcium 
C)  magnesium 
D)  sulfur

Question 2

Why are micronutrients needed in only very small amounts?

Accepted Answer

A)  most micronutrients are mobile in the plant 
B)  most micronutrients serve mainly as cofactors of enzymes 
C)  micronutrients play only a minor role in the growth and health of the plant 
D)  only the most actively growing regions of the plants require micronutrients 
A)  most micronutrients are mobile in the plant 
B)  most micronutrients serve mainly as cofactors of enzymes 
C)  micronutrients play only a minor role in the growth and health of the plant 
D)  only the most actively growing regions of the plants require micronutrients

Question 3

Soils containing large amounts of which of the following components will provide the least amount of oxygen to growing roots?

Accepted Answer

A)  clay 
B)  sand 
C)  humus 
D)  silt 
A)  clay 
B)  sand 
C)  humus 
D)  silt

Question 4

Which of the following soil minerals is most likely leached away by a hard rain?

Accepted Answer

A)  Na+ 
B)  K+ 
C)  Ca2+ 
D)  NO3- 
A)  Na+ 
B)  K+ 
C)  Ca2+ 
D)  NO3-

Question 5

Nitrogen-fixing bacteria and nitrifying bacteria convert atmospheric nitrogen into different compounds of nitrogen such as:
I. ammonium ion
II. ammonia
III. nitrate ion
IV. nitrite ion.
Which of the following is the correct sequence of formation of the nitrogen compounds?

Accepted Answer

A)  I, II, III, and IV 
B)  II, I, IV, and III 
C)  II, I, III, and IV 
D)  I, II, IV, and III 
A)  I, II, III, and IV 
B)  II, I, IV, and III 
C)  II, I, III, and IV 
D)  I, II, IV, and III

Question 6

In which of the following environments would we expect the greatest difference in plant health between two groups of plants of the same species, one group with mycorrhizae and the other group without mycorrhizae?

Accepted Answer

A)  where nitrogen-fixing bacteria are abundant 
B)  soil with poor drainage 
C)  soil deficient in mineral nutrients 
D)  near a body of water, such as a pond or river 
A)  where nitrogen-fixing bacteria are abundant 
B)  soil with poor drainage 
C)  soil deficient in mineral nutrients 
D)  near a body of water, such as a pond or river

Question 7

Which answer best explains how nitrogen deficiency in plants causes chlorosis at the tips of older leaves?

Accepted Answer

A)  Nitrogen is a component of chlorophyll, but it is mobile and is re-located from older leaves to growing parts. 
B)  Nitrogen is necessary to synthesize chlorophyll in mature areas of older leaves. 
C)  Nitrogen is a component of all enzymes, so new growth will stop if nitrogen is deficient. 
D)  Nitrogen regulates proton pumps that supply energy to growing tissue at the tips of older leaves. 
A)  Nitrogen is a component of chlorophyll, but it is mobile and is re-located from older leaves to growing parts. 
B)  Nitrogen is necessary to synthesize chlorophyll in mature areas of older leaves. 
C)  Nitrogen is a component of all enzymes, so new growth will stop if nitrogen is deficient. 
D)  Nitrogen regulates proton pumps that supply energy to growing tissue at the tips of older leaves.

Question 8

Carnivorous plants have evolved mechanisms that trap and digest small animals. The products of this digestion are used predominantly to supplement the plant's supply of which of the following?

Accepted Answer

A)  energy 
B)  carbohydrates 
C)  lipids and steroids 
D)  nitrogen and other minerals 
A)  energy 
B)  carbohydrates 
C)  lipids and steroids 
D)  nitrogen and other minerals

Question 9

Two groups of tomatoes were grown under laboratory conditions, one with humus added to the soil and one a control without humus. The leaves of the plants grown without humus were yellowish (less green) compared with those of the plants grown in humus-enriched soil. The best explanation is that ________.

Accepted Answer

A)  the healthy plants used the food in the decomposing leaves of the humus for energy to make chlorophyll 
B)  the humus made the soil more loosely packed, so water penetrated more easily to the roots 
C)  the humus contained minerals such as magnesium and iron needed for the synthesis of chlorophyll 
D)  the heat released by the decomposing leaves of the humus caused more rapid growth and chlorophyll synthesis 
A)  the healthy plants used the food in the decomposing leaves of the humus for energy to make chlorophyll 
B)  the humus made the soil more loosely packed, so water penetrated more easily to the roots 
C)  the humus contained minerals such as magnesium and iron needed for the synthesis of chlorophyll 
D)  the heat released by the decomposing leaves of the humus caused more rapid growth and chlorophyll synthesis

Question 10

A problem with intensive irrigation is ________.

Accepted Answer

A)  overfertilization 
B)  aquifer depletion 
C)  the long-term depletion of soil oxygen 
D)  the clogging of waterways by vegetation debris 
A)  overfertilization 
B)  aquifer depletion 
C)  the long-term depletion of soil oxygen 
D)  the clogging of waterways by vegetation debris

Question 11

The hyphae of ectomycorrhizae form a covering over roots. These hyphae create a large surface area that helps to do which of the following?

Accepted Answer

A)  aid in absorbing minerals and ions 
B)  maintain cell shape 
C)  increase cellular respiration 
D)  anchor a plant 
A)  aid in absorbing minerals and ions 
B)  maintain cell shape 
C)  increase cellular respiration 
D)  anchor a plant

Exam 37: Plant Nutrition

Which one of the following nutrients plays a critical role as a component of proteins?

Why are micronutrients needed in only very small amounts?

Soils containing large amounts of which of the following components will provide the least amount of oxygen to growing roots?

Which of the following soil minerals is most likely leached away by a hard rain?

Nitrogen-fixing bacteria and nitrifying bacteria convert atmospheric nitrogen into different compounds of nitrogen such as: I. ammonium ion II. ammonia III. nitrate ion IV. nitrite ion. Which of the following is the correct sequence of formation of the nitrogen compounds?

In which of the following environments would we expect the greatest difference in plant health between two groups of plants of the same species, one group with mycorrhizae and the other group without mycorrhizae?

Which answer best explains how nitrogen deficiency in plants causes chlorosis at the tips of older leaves?

Carnivorous plants have evolved mechanisms that trap and digest small animals. The products of this digestion are used predominantly to supplement the plant's supply of which of the following?

A problem with intensive irrigation is ________.

The hyphae of ectomycorrhizae form a covering over roots. These hyphae create a large surface area that helps to do which of the following?

Biology and Its Themes

Atoms and Molecules

The Chemistry of Water

Carbon: the Basis of Molecular Diversity

Biological Macromolecules and Lipids

Energy and Life

Cell Structure and Function

Cell Membranes

Cellular Signaling

Cell Respiration

Photosynthetic Processes

Mitosis

Sexual Life Cycles and Meiosis

Mendelian Genetics

Linkage and Chromosomes

Nucleic Acids and Inheritance

Expression of Genes

Control of Gene Expression

Dna Technology

The Evolution of Genomes

How Evolution Works

Phylogenetic Reconstruction

Microevolution

Species and Speciation

Macroevolution

Introduction to Viruses

Prokaryotes

The Origin and Evolution of Eukaryotes

Nonvascular and Seedless Vascular Plants

Seed Plants

Introduction to Fungi

An Introduction to Animal Diversity

Invertebrates

Vertebrates

Plant Structure and Growth

Transport in Vascular Plants

Reproduction of Flowering Plants

Plant Signals and Behavior

The Animal Body

Chemical Signals in Animals

Animal Digestive Systems

Animal Transport Systems

Animal Excretory Systems

Animal Reproductive Systems

Development in Animals

Animal Defenses Against Infection

Electrical Signals in Animals

Neural Regulation in Animals

Sensation and Movement in Animals

An Overview of Ecology

Behavioral Ecology

Populations and Life History Traits

Biodiversity and Communities

Energy Flow and Chemical Cycling in Ecosystems

Conservation and Global Ecology

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