Question 1

Which statement about the use of aphids and the use of dye to study transport in plants is true?

Accepted Answer

A)  Only the former process makes use of living organisms. 
B)  The former process involves penetration of the stem without the need for cutting, whereas the latter requires a cut. 
C)  Aphids stay permanently attached to the stem, whereas the dye does not. 
D)  Aphids can be used to study both phloem and xylem, whereas dye can be used only to study xylem. 
E)  Neither of these methods gives reliable data about transport in plants. 
A)  Only the former process makes use of living organisms. 
B)  The former process involves penetration of the stem without the need for cutting, whereas the latter requires a cut. 
C)  Aphids stay permanently attached to the stem, whereas the dye does not. 
D)  Aphids can be used to study both phloem and xylem, whereas dye can be used only to study xylem. 
E)  Neither of these methods gives reliable data about transport in plants.

Question 2

Which ion enters with K+ ions and balances the electric charge of these ions in guard cells?

Accepted Answer

A)  Cl- 
B)  Malate 
C)  Aspartate 
D)  Propionate 
E)  H+ 
A)  Cl- 
B)  Malate 
C)  Aspartate 
D)  Propionate 
E)  H+

Question 3

The concentration of water vapor in the atmosphere is generally lower than inside the leaf.The difference in concentration of water vapor results in

Accepted Answer

A)  cohesion. 
B)  tension. 
C)  transpiration. 
D)  capillary action. 
E)  gravity. 
A)  cohesion. 
B)  tension. 
C)  transpiration. 
D)  capillary action. 
E)  gravity.

Question 4

Sieve tubes rely on _______ because they lack organelles.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Sieve tubes rely on _______ because they...

Question 5

One critical distinction between the transport of xylem sap and the transport of phloem sap is that translocation requires _______ and the transport of water does not.

Accepted Answer

The answer of One critical distinction between the transport of...

Question 6

Which process can take place without the presence of living cells?

Accepted Answer

A)  Osmosis 
B)  Transpiration 
C)  Translocation 
D)  Active transport 
E)  Facilitated diffusion 
A)  Osmosis 
B)  Transpiration 
C)  Translocation 
D)  Active transport 
E)  Facilitated diffusion

Question 7

What is the advantage to genetically engineering crops (such as rice) to require less water?

Accepted Answer

This conserves water

Question 8

Water in plants moves toward regions of more _______ water potential.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Water in plants moves toward regions of...

Question 9

In the phloem, photosynthate moves from

Accepted Answer

A)  sink to source. 
B)  source to sink. 
C)  sink to root. 
D)  root to source. 
E)  sink to sink. 
A)  sink to source. 
B)  source to sink. 
C)  sink to root. 
D)  root to source. 
E)  sink to sink.

Question 10

_______ is defined as the attraction of water molecules for one another throughout the water column.

Accepted Answer

The answer of _______ is defined as the attraction of...

Question 11

Why is capillary action alone unable to account for the movement of water through the xylem?

Accepted Answer

A)  Capillary action cannot move water and solutes. 
B)  Capillary action cannot move water against the force of gravity. 
C)  The force of tension within the xylem is not adequate to move water with the force of capillary action. 
D)  Trees are too tall for capillary action alone to account for the flow of water. 
E)  Trees are too tall and xylem vessels are too wide for capillary action alone to account for the flow of water. 
A)  Capillary action cannot move water and solutes. 
B)  Capillary action cannot move water against the force of gravity. 
C)  The force of tension within the xylem is not adequate to move water with the force of capillary action. 
D)  Trees are too tall for capillary action alone to account for the flow of water. 
E)  Trees are too tall and xylem vessels are too wide for capillary action alone to account for the flow of water.

Question 12

If there were a gene that had been shown to significantly reduce the observed rate of transpiration in plants, which of the following might be a consequence of this gene being integrated into a given crop plant, such as rice?

Accepted Answer

A)  An increase in the consumption of water 
B)  An increase in force of cohesion within the plant 
C)  An increase in water-use efficiency 
D)  An increase in the pressure gradient 
E)  An increase in tension 
A)  An increase in the consumption of water 
B)  An increase in force of cohesion within the plant 
C)  An increase in water-use efficiency 
D)  An increase in the pressure gradient 
E)  An increase in tension

Question 13

How is tension formed in the xylem?

Accepted Answer

Tension (or negative pressure)

Question 14

Biotechnologists have isolated a single gene (HARDY) that plants use to regulate genes in response to stress.Scientists found that, when this gene is integrated into the genome of rice plants, the plants show a significant increase in water-use efficiency and become more tolerant of dry soil, relative to the wild type.This discovery is important because it has the potential to

Accepted Answer

A)  limit the amount of pesticides needed to grow rice. 
B)  enable rice to grow in a wider range of environments. 
C)  enable rice plants to produce more grain per plant. 
D)  increase the vitamin A content of rice. 
E)  enable rice to grow under reduced amounts of sunlight. 
A)  limit the amount of pesticides needed to grow rice. 
B)  enable rice to grow in a wider range of environments. 
C)  enable rice plants to produce more grain per plant. 
D)  increase the vitamin A content of rice. 
E)  enable rice to grow under reduced amounts of sunlight.

Question 15

If the soil around a tall tree were contaminated by a large amount of salt, the tree would

Accepted Answer

A)  continue to grow as before. 
B)  become stronger because of the increase in minerals. 
C)  require less water to maintain a water potential gradient. 
D)  likely die because the soil water potential would be lower than that of the root. 
E)  create more xylem to accommodate the extra mineral load in the soil around the tree. 
A)  continue to grow as before. 
B)  become stronger because of the increase in minerals. 
C)  require less water to maintain a water potential gradient. 
D)  likely die because the soil water potential would be lower than that of the root. 
E)  create more xylem to accommodate the extra mineral load in the soil around the tree.

Question 16

In most cases, mineral nutrients enter the plant body directly from the environment by means of uptake

Accepted Answer

A)  through the roots. 
B)  by the leaves. 
C)  from digested food molecules. 
D)  into vascular tissue. 
E)  through the stems. 
A)  through the roots. 
B)  by the leaves. 
C)  from digested food molecules. 
D)  into vascular tissue. 
E)  through the stems.

Question 17

The plant hormone that plays the most significant role in stomatal closing is

Accepted Answer

A)  gibberellic acid. 
B)  auxin. 
C)  abscisic acid. 
D)  ethylene. 
E)  brassinosteroid. 
A)  gibberellic acid. 
B)  auxin. 
C)  abscisic acid. 
D)  ethylene. 
E)  brassinosteroid.

Question 18

Which of the following statements about aquaporins is true?

Accepted Answer

A)  They are necessary to protect cells from toxins. 
B)  They are directly involved in mineral transport. 
C)  They increase water flow across cell membranes. 
D)  They block water from traveling between cells. 
E)  They contain transport proteins. 
A)  They are necessary to protect cells from toxins. 
B)  They are directly involved in mineral transport. 
C)  They increase water flow across cell membranes. 
D)  They block water from traveling between cells. 
E)  They contain transport proteins.

Question 19

Which of the following could be considered a strong piece of evidence for the theory that cohesion plays an important role in the movement of water through the xylem?

Accepted Answer

A)  There is a continuous column of water in the xylem. 
B)  There is a significant difference in water potential between the soil and the air. 
C)  Removing leaves from a tree stops the flow of water. 
D)  Measurements of xylem pressure in cut stems show negative pressure potentials. 
E)  Water enters the roots from the soil through osmosis. 
A)  There is a continuous column of water in the xylem. 
B)  There is a significant difference in water potential between the soil and the air. 
C)  Removing leaves from a tree stops the flow of water. 
D)  Measurements of xylem pressure in cut stems show negative pressure potentials. 
E)  Water enters the roots from the soil through osmosis.

Question 20

Water potential is

Accepted Answer

A)  the tendency of water to move in response to solutes and pressure. 
B)  the tendency of water to move into a root of a plant from the surrounding soil. 
C)  the potential for water to be moved to where it is needed. 
D)  the tendency of water to evaporate from plant surfaces. 
E)  the potential of water to move into cells. 
A)  the tendency of water to move in response to solutes and pressure. 
B)  the tendency of water to move into a root of a plant from the surrounding soil. 
C)  the potential for water to be moved to where it is needed. 
D)  the tendency of water to evaporate from plant surfaces. 
E)  the potential of water to move into cells.

Exam 34: Transport in Plants

Which statement about the use of aphids and the use of dye to study transport in plants is true?

Which ion enters with K+ ions and balances the electric charge of these ions in guard cells?

The concentration of water vapor in the atmosphere is generally lower than inside the leaf.The difference in concentration of water vapor results in

Sieve tubes rely on _______ because they lack organelles.

One critical distinction between the transport of xylem sap and the transport of phloem sap is that translocation requires _______ and the transport of water does not.

Which process can take place without the presence of living cells?

What is the advantage to genetically engineering crops (such as rice) to require less water?

Water in plants moves toward regions of more _______ water potential.

In the phloem, photosynthate moves from

_______ is defined as the attraction of water molecules for one another throughout the water column.

Why is capillary action alone unable to account for the movement of water through the xylem?

If there were a gene that had been shown to significantly reduce the observed rate of transpiration in plants, which of the following might be a consequence of this gene being integrated into a given crop plant, such as rice?

How is tension formed in the xylem?

If the soil around a tall tree were contaminated by a large amount of salt, the tree would

In most cases, mineral nutrients enter the plant body directly from the environment by means of uptake

The plant hormone that plays the most significant role in stomatal closing is

Which of the following statements about aquaporins is true?

Which of the following could be considered a strong piece of evidence for the theory that cohesion plays an important role in the movement of water through the xylem?

Water potential is

Studying Life

Small Molecules and the Chemistry of Life

Proteins, Carbohydrates, and Lipids

Nucleic Acids and the Origin of Life

Cells: the Working Units of Life

Cell Membranes

Cell Communication and Multicellularity

Energy, Enzymes, and Metabolism

Pathways That Harvest Chemical Energy

Photosynthesis: Energy From Sunlight

The Cell Cycle and Cell Division

Inheritance, Genes, and Chromosomes

Dna and Its Role in Heredity

From Dna to Protein: Gene Expression

Gene Mutation and Molecular Medicine

Regulation of Gene Expression

Genomes

Recombinant Dna and Biotechnology

Mechanisms of Evolution

Reconstructing and Using Phylogenies

Speciation

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The Origin and Diversification of Eukaryotes

Plants Without Seeds: From Water to Land

The Evolution of Seed Plants

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Which ion enters with K⁺ ions and balances the electric charge of these ions in guard cells?