Question 1

When Marcello Malpighi removed the bark from a tree to examine the flow of solutes, he discovered that over time _______ indicating that _______.

Accepted Answer

A)  the bark below the girdle swelled; a solution coming from the roots had been trapped 
B)  the bark below the girdle shrank; the flow of water in the xylem had ceased 
C)  the bark above the girdle swelled; the flow of solutes in the phloem had stopped 
D)  there was no noticeable change; solutes are transported in the xylem 
E)  the region above and below the girdle swelled; the flow of solutes is bidirectional 
A)  the bark below the girdle swelled; a solution coming from the roots had been trapped 
B)  the bark below the girdle shrank; the flow of water in the xylem had ceased 
C)  the bark above the girdle swelled; the flow of solutes in the phloem had stopped 
D)  there was no noticeable change; solutes are transported in the xylem 
E)  the region above and below the girdle swelled; the flow of solutes is bidirectional

Question 2

The tension required to move water up the stem is generated from the

Accepted Answer

A)  stem. 
B)  root hairs. 
C)  leaves. 
D)  roots. 
E)  guard cells. 
A)  stem. 
B)  root hairs. 
C)  leaves. 
D)  roots. 
E)  guard cells.

Question 3

Water potential is determined by _______ and _______.

Accepted Answer

A)  water pressure; water cohesion 
B)  solute potential; pressure potential 
C)  water pressure; solute potential 
D)  transpiration level; pressure potential 
E)  turgidity; water pressure 
A)  water pressure; water cohesion 
B)  solute potential; pressure potential 
C)  water pressure; solute potential 
D)  transpiration level; pressure potential 
E)  turgidity; water pressure

Question 4

What happens to a plant's stomata at night, and why?

Accepted Answer

A)  They open to take in water. 
B)  They open to take in CO2. 
C)  They close to prevent water loss. 
D)  They close to prevent CO2 loss. 
E)  They close to exclude O2. 
A)  They open to take in water. 
B)  They open to take in CO2. 
C)  They close to prevent water loss. 
D)  They close to prevent CO2 loss. 
E)  They close to exclude O2.

Question 5

Were it not for the force of ??_______, the column of water within a plant would likely fracture.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Were it not for the force of...

Question 6

Which information about the use of aphids in studying translocation is least likely to contribute to our understanding of this process?

Accepted Answer

A)  Aphids may be used to collect phloem sap. 
B)  Phloem sap may be collected from a single sieve tube element using aphid stylets. 
C)  Sap collected from aphids may be used to determine rates of translocation by labeling phloem sap with radioisotopes. 
D)  Experiments with aphid stylets may show that flow in a single sieve tube element is unidirectional. 
E)  Aphids may store crystallized sugar in their stomachs when feeding on plants. 
A)  Aphids may be used to collect phloem sap. 
B)  Phloem sap may be collected from a single sieve tube element using aphid stylets. 
C)  Sap collected from aphids may be used to determine rates of translocation by labeling phloem sap with radioisotopes. 
D)  Experiments with aphid stylets may show that flow in a single sieve tube element is unidirectional. 
E)  Aphids may store crystallized sugar in their stomachs when feeding on plants.

Question 7

Stomata are opened and closed by changes in turgor pressure in _______.Turgor changes also play a role in _______ when a leaf wilts.

Accepted Answer

A)  guard cells; mesophyll cells 
B)  mesophyll cells; guard cells 
C)  all epidermal cells; mesophyll cells 
D)  all epidermal cells; guard cells 
E)  guard cells; other epidermal cells 
A)  guard cells; mesophyll cells 
B)  mesophyll cells; guard cells 
C)  all epidermal cells; mesophyll cells 
D)  all epidermal cells; guard cells 
E)  guard cells; other epidermal cells

Question 8

Surface tension can move water short distances through small tubes via _______.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Surface tension can move water short distances...

Question 9

Which of the following would not be considered a sink?

Accepted Answer

A)  Seeds 
B)  Fruits 
C)  Roots 
D)  Nuts 
E)  Mature leaves 
A)  Seeds 
B)  Fruits 
C)  Roots 
D)  Nuts 
E)  Mature leaves

Question 10

An increase in dissolved solutes makes the solute potential more _______.

Accepted Answer

The answer of An increase in dissolved solutes makes the...

Question 11

Which statement about the transport of water through the root cortex to the xylem is false?

Accepted Answer

A)  Water may reach the xylem by an entirely apoplastic route. 
B)  Water can move part of the way by bulk flow. 
C)  Water must cross at least one membrane. 
D)  Water may be transported by an entirely symplastic route after entering an epidermal cell. 
E)  Water cannot penetrate the Casparian strips. 
A)  Water may reach the xylem by an entirely apoplastic route. 
B)  Water can move part of the way by bulk flow. 
C)  Water must cross at least one membrane. 
D)  Water may be transported by an entirely symplastic route after entering an epidermal cell. 
E)  Water cannot penetrate the Casparian strips.

Question 12

Proteins that facilitate diffusion of water across plasma membranes are called

Accepted Answer

A)  aquaporins. 
B)  ion channels. 
C)  cotransports. 
D)  antiporters. 
E)  receptors. 
A)  aquaporins. 
B)  ion channels. 
C)  cotransports. 
D)  antiporters. 
E)  receptors.

Question 13

Which of the following is least important in the opening and closing of stomata?

Accepted Answer

A)  Ambient light levels 
B)  Cl- 
C)  K+ 
D)  Na+ 
E)  Turgor 
A)  Ambient light levels 
B)  Cl- 
C)  K+ 
D)  Na+ 
E)  Turgor

Question 14

The _______ is the continuous cytoplasm of the living cells, which are connected by the plasmodesmata.

Accepted Answer

The answer of The _______ is the continuous cytoplasm of...

Question 15

Researchers conducting a study of leaf cell structure observe water beading up on the surface of a leaf.They conclude that the water in the leaf cells has

Accepted Answer

A)  a high turgor pressure due to cell wall rigidity. 
B)  a high positive water potential. 
C)  an interior solute concentration like that of distilled water. 
D)  higher (or less negative) water potential than the water in the air surrounding the leaf. 
E)  reached equilibrium. 
A)  a high turgor pressure due to cell wall rigidity. 
B)  a high positive water potential. 
C)  an interior solute concentration like that of distilled water. 
D)  higher (or less negative) water potential than the water in the air surrounding the leaf. 
E)  reached equilibrium.

Question 16

What makes sieve tube elements unique compared to other cells?

Accepted Answer

Sieve tube elements

Question 17

Which statement about the transport of Cl- into the cell is false?

Accepted Answer

A)  It is an example of symport. 
B)  The transport protein involved is a proton pump. 
C)  It is an example of secondary active transport. 
D)  Cl- is moved against a Cl- concentration gradient. 
E)  Cl- is moved against an electrical gradient. 
A)  It is an example of symport. 
B)  The transport protein involved is a proton pump. 
C)  It is an example of secondary active transport. 
D)  Cl- is moved against a Cl- concentration gradient. 
E)  Cl- is moved against an electrical gradient.

Question 18

The porous end wall of a sieve tube element is called a

Accepted Answer

A)  pore plate. 
B)  sieve plate. 
C)  sieve membrane. 
D)  pericycle. 
E)  Casparian strip. 
A)  pore plate. 
B)  sieve plate. 
C)  sieve membrane. 
D)  pericycle. 
E)  Casparian strip.

Question 19

The removal of photosynthates from the phloem is called

Accepted Answer

A)  loading. 
B)  replacement. 
C)  ejection. 
D)  unloading. 
E)  disconnection. 
A)  loading. 
B)  replacement. 
C)  ejection. 
D)  unloading. 
E)  disconnection.

Question 20

When the ion concentration inside root cells is higher than the concentration in the soil solution, ions in the soil solution can enter root cells by means of

Accepted Answer

A)  simple diffusion. 
B)  active transport. 
C)  facilitated diffusion. 
D)  osmosis. 
E)  passive transport. 
A)  simple diffusion. 
B)  active transport. 
C)  facilitated diffusion. 
D)  osmosis. 
E)  passive transport.

Exam 34: Transport in Plants

When Marcello Malpighi removed the bark from a tree to examine the flow of solutes, he discovered that over time _______ indicating that _______.

The tension required to move water up the stem is generated from the

Water potential is determined by _______ and _______.

What happens to a plant's stomata at night, and why?

Were it not for the force of ??_______, the column of water within a plant would likely fracture.

Which information about the use of aphids in studying translocation is least likely to contribute to our understanding of this process?

Stomata are opened and closed by changes in turgor pressure in _______.Turgor changes also play a role in _______ when a leaf wilts.

Surface tension can move water short distances through small tubes via _______.

Which of the following would not be considered a sink?

An increase in dissolved solutes makes the solute potential more _______.

Which statement about the transport of water through the root cortex to the xylem is false?

Proteins that facilitate diffusion of water across plasma membranes are called

Which of the following is least important in the opening and closing of stomata?

The _______ is the continuous cytoplasm of the living cells, which are connected by the plasmodesmata.

Researchers conducting a study of leaf cell structure observe water beading up on the surface of a leaf.They conclude that the water in the leaf cells has

What makes sieve tube elements unique compared to other cells?

Which statement about the transport of Cl- into the cell is false?

The porous end wall of a sieve tube element is called a

The removal of photosynthates from the phloem is called

When the ion concentration inside root cells is higher than the concentration in the soil solution, ions in the soil solution can enter root cells by means of

Studying Life

Small Molecules and the Chemistry of Life

Proteins, Carbohydrates, and Lipids

Nucleic Acids and the Origin of Life

Cells: the Working Units of Life

Cell Membranes

Cell Communication and Multicellularity

Energy, Enzymes, and Metabolism

Pathways That Harvest Chemical Energy

Photosynthesis: Energy From Sunlight

The Cell Cycle and Cell Division

Inheritance, Genes, and Chromosomes

Dna and Its Role in Heredity

From Dna to Protein: Gene Expression

Gene Mutation and Molecular Medicine

Regulation of Gene Expression

Genomes

Recombinant Dna and Biotechnology

Mechanisms of Evolution

Reconstructing and Using Phylogenies

Speciation

Evolution of Genes and Genomes

The History of Life on Earth

Bacteria, Archaea, and Viruses

The Origin and Diversification of Eukaryotes

Plants Without Seeds: From Water to Land

The Evolution of Seed Plants

The Evolution and Diversity of Fungi

Animal Origins and the Evolution of Body Plans

Protostome Animals

Deuterostome Animals

The Plant Body

Plant Nutrition

Regulation of Plant Growth

Reproduction in Flowering Plants

Plant Responses to Environmental Challenges

Physiology, Homeostasis, and Temperature Regulation

Animal Hormones

Immunology: Animal Defense Systems

Animal Reproduction

Animal Development

Neurons, Glia, and Nervous Systems

Sensory Systems

The Mammalian Nervous System: Structure and Higher Functions

Musculoskeletal Systems

Gas Exchange

Circulatory Systems

Nutrition, Digestion, and Absorption

Salt and Water Balance and Nitrogen Excretion

Animal Behavior

The Physical Environment and Biogeography of Life

Populations

Species Interactions

Communities

Ecosystems

A Changing Biosphere

Filters

When Marcello Malpighi removed the bark from a tree to examine the flow of solutes, he discovered that over time _ indicating that _.

Water potential is determined by _ and _.

Stomata are opened and closed by changes in turgor pressure in _.Turgor changes also play a role in _ when a leaf wilts.

Which statement about the transport of Cl^- into the cell is false?