Question 1

In which plant might capillary action be enough to sufficiently transport water?

Accepted Answer

A)  A very short plant with large xylem vessels 
B)  A very short plant with very narrow xylem vessels 
C)  A tall tree with large xylem vessels 
D)  A tall tree with narrow xylem vessels 
E)  A flowering plant 
A)  A very short plant with large xylem vessels 
B)  A very short plant with very narrow xylem vessels 
C)  A tall tree with large xylem vessels 
D)  A tall tree with narrow xylem vessels 
E)  A flowering plant

Question 2

Sieve cells differ fundamentally from other cell types in that they lack _______.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Sieve cells differ fundamentally from other cell...

Question 3

According to the pressure flow model for translocation,

Accepted Answer

A)  sugar concentration is highest near the sink area. 
B)  water enters the sieve tube by osmosis. 
C)  sugar is transported out of the sieve tubes near the source area. 
D)  osmosis accomplishes the bulk flow of water and nutrients. 
E)  little ATP expenditure is required. 
A)  sugar concentration is highest near the sink area. 
B)  water enters the sieve tube by osmosis. 
C)  sugar is transported out of the sieve tubes near the source area. 
D)  osmosis accomplishes the bulk flow of water and nutrients. 
E)  little ATP expenditure is required.

Question 4

Tension in the xylem is essentially

Accepted Answer

A)  negative pressure. 
B)  cohesion. 
C)  adhesion. 
D)  osmosis. 
E)  turgor. 
A)  negative pressure. 
B)  cohesion. 
C)  adhesion. 
D)  osmosis. 
E)  turgor.

Question 5

_______ are responsible for providing a balance between water loss and carbon dioxide diffusion.

Accepted Answer

The answer of _______ are responsible for providing a balance...

Question 6

The movement of substances between living cells of a plant can occur through connections called _______.

Accepted Answer

The answer of The movement of substances between living cells...

Question 7

Stomata

Accepted Answer

A)  open when the guard cells are turgid. 
B)  close early in the day in most plants. 
C)  allow CO2 to enter leaves without water loss. 
D)  close once the guard cells take up water. 
E)  are absent in lower leaves. 
A)  open when the guard cells are turgid. 
B)  close early in the day in most plants. 
C)  allow CO2 to enter leaves without water loss. 
D)  close once the guard cells take up water. 
E)  are absent in lower leaves.

Question 8

During dry conditions, stomata are most likely to

Accepted Answer

A)  open wider. 
B)  close. 
C)  increase in number. 
D)  enlarge. 
E)  lignify. 
A)  open wider. 
B)  close. 
C)  increase in number. 
D)  enlarge. 
E)  lignify.

Question 9

Which of the following could be considered a source and a sink (respectively) in a plant?

Accepted Answer

A)  Roots, flower 
B)  Mature leaf, xylem 
C)  Mature leaf, developing fruit 
D)  Developing fruit, mature leaf 
E)  Phloem, roots 
A)  Roots, flower 
B)  Mature leaf, xylem 
C)  Mature leaf, developing fruit 
D)  Developing fruit, mature leaf 
E)  Phloem, roots

Question 10

In a comparison of the water potential and turgor pressure of leaf cells before and after wilting, which of the following would you expect to find?

Accepted Answer

A) Water potential: wilted not wilted; turgor pressure: wilted not wilted D) Water potential: wilted > not wilted; turgor pressure: wilted > not wilted E) Water potential: wilted = not wilted; turgor pressure: wilted < not wilted A) Water potential: wilted not wilted; turgor pressure: wilted not wilted D) Water potential: wilted > not wilted; turgor pressure: wilted > not wilted E) Water potential: wilted = not wilted; turgor pressure: wilted < not wilted

Question 11

The pathway across the root in which water moves only through cell walls is called the _______ pathway.

Accepted Answer

A)  Casparian 
B)  symplastic 
C)  stele 
D)  apoplastic 
E)  endodermic 
A)  Casparian 
B)  symplastic 
C)  stele 
D)  apoplastic 
E)  endodermic

Question 12

Bulk flow

Accepted Answer

A)  moves water between cells via a gradient in water potential. 
B)  moves water through the xylem via the force of gravity. 
C)  moves water and phloem sap via gradients in pressure potential. 
D)  moves phloem sap via osmosis. 
E)  moves water through the xylem, but is insufficient to transport phloem sap. 
A)  moves water between cells via a gradient in water potential. 
B)  moves water through the xylem via the force of gravity. 
C)  moves water and phloem sap via gradients in pressure potential. 
D)  moves phloem sap via osmosis. 
E)  moves water through the xylem, but is insufficient to transport phloem sap.

Question 13

Water and solutes transported up the stem of a plant are carried in the _______ in a process called _______.

Accepted Answer

A)  xylem and phloem sap; osmosis 
B)  xylem sap; pressure flow 
C)  phloem sap; bulk movement 
D)  xylem sap; bulk flow 
E)  phloem sap; tension flow 
A)  xylem and phloem sap; osmosis 
B)  xylem sap; pressure flow 
C)  phloem sap; bulk movement 
D)  xylem sap; bulk flow 
E)  phloem sap; tension flow

Question 14

The pressure flow model of translocation depends entirely on the existence of mechanisms for loading sugars into phloem at the _______ regions and for unloading them at the _______ regions.

Accepted Answer

A)  sink; sink 
B)  sink; source 
C)  source; source 
D)  source; sink 
E)  source; source or sink 
A)  sink; sink 
B)  sink; source 
C)  source; source 
D)  source; sink 
E)  source; source or sink

Question 15

How does flow in the xylem differ from flow in the phloem?

Accepted Answer

A)  Flow in the xylem is generally from root to leaf, whereas flow in the phloem may be in either direction. 
B)  Flow in the xylem requires energy expenditure by the plant, whereas flow in the phloem is completely passive. 
C)  Flow in the xylem is driven by transpiration, whereas flow in the phloem depends on ATP. 
D)  Flow in the xylem is caused by positive pressure on the xylem sap, whereas flow in the phloem results from negative pressure. 
E)  Xylem flow relies on selective transport, whereas phloem does not. 
A)  Flow in the xylem is generally from root to leaf, whereas flow in the phloem may be in either direction. 
B)  Flow in the xylem requires energy expenditure by the plant, whereas flow in the phloem is completely passive. 
C)  Flow in the xylem is driven by transpiration, whereas flow in the phloem depends on ATP. 
D)  Flow in the xylem is caused by positive pressure on the xylem sap, whereas flow in the phloem results from negative pressure. 
E)  Xylem flow relies on selective transport, whereas phloem does not.

Question 16

When faced with significant water loss over an extended period of time, a plant's likely survival strategy is to

Accepted Answer

A)  shed leaves. 
B)  increase the number of stomata. 
C)  decrease the number of stomata. 
D)  increase the concentration of K+ ions. 
E)  lower the concentration of abscisic acid. 
A)  shed leaves. 
B)  increase the number of stomata. 
C)  decrease the number of stomata. 
D)  increase the concentration of K+ ions. 
E)  lower the concentration of abscisic acid.

Question 17

The flow rate in the phloem of a maple tree can be as high as _______ cm per hour.

Accepted Answer

A)  0.01 
B)  0.1 
C)  1 
D)  10 
E)  100 
A)  0.01 
B)  0.1 
C)  1 
D)  10 
E)  100

Question 18

All of the following take place as stomata close except

Accepted Answer

A)  potassium ions diffuse out of the guard cells. 
B)  guard cell turgor pressure increases. 
C)  guard cell solute potential becomes less negative. 
D)  chloride ions diffuse out of the guard cells. 
E)  guard cells dehydrate. 
A)  potassium ions diffuse out of the guard cells. 
B)  guard cell turgor pressure increases. 
C)  guard cell solute potential becomes less negative. 
D)  chloride ions diffuse out of the guard cells. 
E)  guard cells dehydrate.

Question 19

Why is osmosis sufficient to draw water from the xylem into the sieve tubes at source cells?

Accepted Answer

The concentration of sugar in

Question 20

Cell walls impregnated with water-repellent suberin are found in the cells of the

Accepted Answer

A)  root hairs. 
B)  cortex. 
C)  tracheids. 
D)  pericycle. 
E)  endodermis. 
A)  root hairs. 
B)  cortex. 
C)  tracheids. 
D)  pericycle. 
E)  endodermis.

Exam 34: Transport in Plants

In which plant might capillary action be enough to sufficiently transport water?

Sieve cells differ fundamentally from other cell types in that they lack _______.

According to the pressure flow model for translocation,

Tension in the xylem is essentially

_______ are responsible for providing a balance between water loss and carbon dioxide diffusion.

The movement of substances between living cells of a plant can occur through connections called _______.

Stomata

During dry conditions, stomata are most likely to

Which of the following could be considered a source and a sink (respectively) in a plant?

In a comparison of the water potential and turgor pressure of leaf cells before and after wilting, which of the following would you expect to find?

The pathway across the root in which water moves only through cell walls is called the _______ pathway.

Bulk flow

Water and solutes transported up the stem of a plant are carried in the _______ in a process called _______.

The pressure flow model of translocation depends entirely on the existence of mechanisms for loading sugars into phloem at the _______ regions and for unloading them at the _______ regions.

How does flow in the xylem differ from flow in the phloem?

When faced with significant water loss over an extended period of time, a plant's likely survival strategy is to

The flow rate in the phloem of a maple tree can be as high as _______ cm per hour.

All of the following take place as stomata close except

Why is osmosis sufficient to draw water from the xylem into the sieve tubes at source cells?

Cell walls impregnated with water-repellent suberin are found in the cells of the

Studying Life

Small Molecules and the Chemistry of Life

Proteins, Carbohydrates, and Lipids

Nucleic Acids and the Origin of Life

Cells: the Working Units of Life

Cell Membranes

Cell Communication and Multicellularity

Energy, Enzymes, and Metabolism

Pathways That Harvest Chemical Energy

Photosynthesis: Energy From Sunlight

The Cell Cycle and Cell Division

Inheritance, Genes, and Chromosomes

Dna and Its Role in Heredity

From Dna to Protein: Gene Expression

Gene Mutation and Molecular Medicine

Regulation of Gene Expression

Genomes

Recombinant Dna and Biotechnology

Mechanisms of Evolution

Reconstructing and Using Phylogenies

Speciation

Evolution of Genes and Genomes

The History of Life on Earth

Bacteria, Archaea, and Viruses

The Origin and Diversification of Eukaryotes

Plants Without Seeds: From Water to Land

The Evolution of Seed Plants

The Evolution and Diversity of Fungi

Animal Origins and the Evolution of Body Plans

Protostome Animals

Deuterostome Animals

The Plant Body

Plant Nutrition

Regulation of Plant Growth

Reproduction in Flowering Plants

Plant Responses to Environmental Challenges

Physiology, Homeostasis, and Temperature Regulation

Animal Hormones

Immunology: Animal Defense Systems

Animal Reproduction

Animal Development

Neurons, Glia, and Nervous Systems

Sensory Systems

The Mammalian Nervous System: Structure and Higher Functions

Musculoskeletal Systems

Gas Exchange

Circulatory Systems

Nutrition, Digestion, and Absorption

Salt and Water Balance and Nitrogen Excretion

Animal Behavior

The Physical Environment and Biogeography of Life

Populations

Species Interactions

Communities

Ecosystems

A Changing Biosphere

Filters

Water and solutes transported up the stem of a plant are carried in the _ in a process called _.

The pressure flow model of translocation depends entirely on the existence of mechanisms for loading sugars into phloem at the _ regions and for unloading them at the _ regions.