Question 1

Independent assortment of chromosomes is a result of which of the following processes?

Accepted Answer

A)  the random way each pair of homologous chromosomes lines up at the metaphase plate during meiosis I 
B)  the random combinations of eggs and sperm during fertilization 
C)  the random distribution of the sister chromatids to the two daughter cells during anaphase II 
D)  the diverse combination of alleles that may be found within any given chromosome 
A)  the random way each pair of homologous chromosomes lines up at the metaphase plate during meiosis I 
B)  the random combinations of eggs and sperm during fertilization 
C)  the random distribution of the sister chromatids to the two daughter cells during anaphase II 
D)  the diverse combination of alleles that may be found within any given chromosome

Question 2

Which of the following processes facilitates the fastest way for animal species to adapt to a changing environment?

Accepted Answer

A)  mutation 
B)  asexual reproduction 
C)  sexual reproduction 
D)  mitosis 
A)  mutation 
B)  asexual reproduction 
C)  sexual reproduction 
D)  mitosis

Question 3

Which of the following statements correctly describes a karyotype?

Accepted Answer

A)  It is a display of all of the cell types in an organism. 
B)  It is an organized image of a cell's chromosomes. 
C)  It reveals the appearance of an organism. 
D)  It is a display of a cell's mitotic stages. 
A)  It is a display of all of the cell types in an organism. 
B)  It is an organized image of a cell's chromosomes. 
C)  It reveals the appearance of an organism. 
D)  It is a display of a cell's mitotic stages.

Question 4

A triploid cell contains three sets of homologous chromosomes. Which of the following describes the chromosomes in a triploid cell where n = 6?

Accepted Answer

A)  The cell has 3 homologous pairs of chromosomes at the beginning of mitosis. 
B)  The cell has 12 total chromosomes at the end of mitosis. 
C)  The cell has 18 total chromosomes in 6 sets. 
D)  The cell has 24 sister chromatids when in prophase I. 
A)  The cell has 3 homologous pairs of chromosomes at the beginning of mitosis. 
B)  The cell has 12 total chromosomes at the end of mitosis. 
C)  The cell has 18 total chromosomes in 6 sets. 
D)  The cell has 24 sister chromatids when in prophase I.

Question 5

Which of the following statements is true of a species that has a chromosome number of 2n = 16?

Accepted Answer

A)  The species is diploid and has 32 chromosomes per cell. 
B)  The species has 16 sets of chromosomes per cell. 
C)  Each diploid cell has eight homologous pairs of chromosomes. 
D)  A gamete from this species has four chromosomes. 
A)  The species is diploid and has 32 chromosomes per cell. 
B)  The species has 16 sets of chromosomes per cell. 
C)  Each diploid cell has eight homologous pairs of chromosomes. 
D)  A gamete from this species has four chromosomes.

Question 6

During which of the following phases of meiosis do homologous chromosomes separate?

Accepted Answer

A)  anaphase II 
B)  prophase I 
C)  mitosis 
D)  anaphase I 
A)  anaphase II 
B)  prophase I 
C)  mitosis 
D)  anaphase I

Question 7

A (hypothetical) diploid organism has different genes that control wing color and wing length. A female of this species has a paternal chromosome set containing one orange-wing allele and one long-wing allele and a maternal set containing one blue-wing allele and one short-wing allele. Which of the following types of eggs would she be expected to produce after meiosis?

Accepted Answer

A)  All eggs will have maternal types of gene combinations. 
B)  All eggs will have paternal types of gene combinations. 
C)  Half the eggs will have maternal and half will have paternal combinations. 
D)  Each egg has a one-fourth chance of having either blue long, blue short, orange long, or orange short combinations. 
A)  All eggs will have maternal types of gene combinations. 
B)  All eggs will have paternal types of gene combinations. 
C)  Half the eggs will have maternal and half will have paternal combinations. 
D)  Each egg has a one-fourth chance of having either blue long, blue short, orange long, or orange short combinations.

Question 8

Two different species of protists living in a tide pool. Species A reproduces both sexually and asexually, and Species B reproduce only asexually. The pool gradually becomes infested with disease-causing viruses. Which species are more likely to survive in the changing environment?

Accepted Answer

A)  Species A only 
B)  Species B only 
C)  Both species are equally likely to survive. 
D)  Neither species will be able to survive. 
A)  Species A only 
B)  Species B only 
C)  Both species are equally likely to survive. 
D)  Neither species will be able to survive.

Question 9

Somatic cells of roundworms have four individual chromosomes per cell. How many chromosomes would you expect to find in an ovum from a roundworm?

Accepted Answer

A)  four 
B)  two 
C)  eight 
D)  a diploid number 
A)  four 
B)  two 
C)  eight 
D)  a diploid number

Question 10

Which of the following processes occurs in meiosis but not in mitosis?

Accepted Answer

A)  chromosome replication 
B)  synapsis of chromosomes 
C)  alignment of chromosomes at the metaphase plate 
D)  condensation of chromosomes 
A)  chromosome replication 
B)  synapsis of chromosomes 
C)  alignment of chromosomes at the metaphase plate 
D)  condensation of chromosomes

Question 11

During which of the following processes do sister chromatids separate from each other?

Accepted Answer

A)  during meiosis I only 
B)  during meiosis II only 
C)  during both mitosis and meiosis I 
D)  during both mitosis and meiosis II 
A)  during meiosis I only 
B)  during meiosis II only 
C)  during both mitosis and meiosis I 
D)  during both mitosis and meiosis II

Question 12

Which of the following processes best describes the mechanism of gamete production in plants?

Accepted Answer

A)  sporophytes produce gametes by meiosis 
B)  gametophytes produce gametes by mitosis 
C)  gametophytes produce gametes by meiosis 
D)  sporophytes produce gametes by mitosis 
A)  sporophytes produce gametes by meiosis 
B)  gametophytes produce gametes by mitosis 
C)  gametophytes produce gametes by meiosis 
D)  sporophytes produce gametes by mitosis

Question 13

Which of the following characteristics are part of the sexual life cycle of most fungi but are not part of the sexual life cycles of plants or animals?

Accepted Answer

A)  a unicellular haploid stage 
B)  fertilization 
C)  gametes 
D)  a zygote stage 
A)  a unicellular haploid stage 
B)  fertilization 
C)  gametes 
D)  a zygote stage

Question 14

The figure represents the nucleus of an animal cell about to enter mitosis. How many different chromosomes are present in the diagram?

Accepted Answer

A)  1 
B)  4 
C)  8 
D)  16 
A)  1 
B)  4 
C)  8 
D)  16

Question 15

Which of the following statements describes a major difference between meiosis II and mitosis in a diploid animal?

Accepted Answer

A)  Homologous chromosomes align on the metaphase plate in meiosis II but not in mitosis. 
B)  Sister chromatids separate in mitosis, and homologous chromosomes separate in meiosis II. 
C)  Meiosis II occurs in a haploid cell, while mitosis occurs in diploid cells. 
D)  Crossing over of chromosomes takes place in meiosis II but not in mitosis. 
A)  Homologous chromosomes align on the metaphase plate in meiosis II but not in mitosis. 
B)  Sister chromatids separate in mitosis, and homologous chromosomes separate in meiosis II. 
C)  Meiosis II occurs in a haploid cell, while mitosis occurs in diploid cells. 
D)  Crossing over of chromosomes takes place in meiosis II but not in mitosis.

Question 16

Crossing over of chromosomes normally takes place during which of the following processes?

Accepted Answer

A)  meiosis II 
B)  meiosis I 
C)  mitosis 
D)  mitosis and meiosis II 
A)  meiosis II 
B)  meiosis I 
C)  mitosis 
D)  mitosis and meiosis II

Question 17

Which of the following statements about reproduction is correct?

Accepted Answer

A)  Asexual reproduction, but not sexual reproduction, is characteristic of only plants and fungi. 
B)  In sexual reproduction, individuals transmit half of their nuclear genes to each of their offspring. 
C)  In asexual reproduction, offspring are produced by fertilization without meiosis. 
D)  Asexual reproduction produces only haploid offspring. 
A)  Asexual reproduction, but not sexual reproduction, is characteristic of only plants and fungi. 
B)  In sexual reproduction, individuals transmit half of their nuclear genes to each of their offspring. 
C)  In asexual reproduction, offspring are produced by fertilization without meiosis. 
D)  Asexual reproduction produces only haploid offspring.

Question 18

Cells from a diploid protist with n=1 are followed through mitosis and meiosis. The drawings in the figure below represent the chromosomes. Refer to the drawings and answer the following question(s).   Which diagram represents anaphase II of meiosis?

Accepted Answer

A)  I 
B)  III 
C)  IV 
D)  V 
A)  I 
B)  III 
C)  IV 
D)  V

Question 19

Which of the following pairs of processes make the greatest contribution to genetic diversity between generations of a diploid insect?

Accepted Answer

A)  random fertilization and cytokinesis 
B)  alternation of generations and crossing over 
C)  independent assortment and random fertilization 
D)  gametophyte fusion and mitotic division 
A)  random fertilization and cytokinesis 
B)  alternation of generations and crossing over 
C)  independent assortment and random fertilization 
D)  gametophyte fusion and mitotic division

Question 20

For the following question, match the key event of meiosis with the stages listed below.
I. Prophase I V. Prophase II
II. Metaphase I VI. Metaphase II
III. Anaphase I VII. Anaphase II
IV. Telophase I VIII. Telophase II
Haploid cells form containing joined sister chromatids.

Accepted Answer

A)  III 
B)  IV 
C)  VII 
D)  VIII 
A)  III 
B)  IV 
C)  VII 
D)  VIII

Exam 13: Sexual Life Cycles and Meiosis

Independent assortment of chromosomes is a result of which of the following processes?

Which of the following processes facilitates the fastest way for animal species to adapt to a changing environment?

Which of the following statements correctly describes a karyotype?

A triploid cell contains three sets of homologous chromosomes. Which of the following describes the chromosomes in a triploid cell where n = 6?

Which of the following statements is true of a species that has a chromosome number of 2n = 16?

During which of the following phases of meiosis do homologous chromosomes separate?

Two different species of protists living in a tide pool. Species A reproduces both sexually and asexually, and Species B reproduce only asexually. The pool gradually becomes infested with disease-causing viruses. Which species are more likely to survive in the changing environment?

Somatic cells of roundworms have four individual chromosomes per cell. How many chromosomes would you expect to find in an ovum from a roundworm?

Which of the following processes occurs in meiosis but not in mitosis?

During which of the following processes do sister chromatids separate from each other?

Which of the following processes best describes the mechanism of gamete production in plants?

Which of the following characteristics are part of the sexual life cycle of most fungi but are not part of the sexual life cycles of plants or animals?

The figure represents the nucleus of an animal cell about to enter mitosis. How many different chromosomes are present in the diagram?

Which of the following statements describes a major difference between meiosis II and mitosis in a diploid animal?

Crossing over of chromosomes normally takes place during which of the following processes?

Which of the following statements about reproduction is correct?

Cells from a diploid protist with n=1 are followed through mitosis and meiosis. The drawings in the figure below represent the chromosomes. Refer to the drawings and answer the following question(s). Which diagram represents anaphase II of meiosis?

Which of the following pairs of processes make the greatest contribution to genetic diversity between generations of a diploid insect?

For the following question, match the key event of meiosis with the stages listed below. I. Prophase I V. Prophase II II. Metaphase I VI. Metaphase II III. Anaphase I VII. Anaphase II IV. Telophase I VIII. Telophase II Haploid cells form containing joined sister chromatids.

Biology and Its Themes

Atoms and Molecules

The Chemistry of Water

Carbon: the Basis of Molecular Diversity

Biological Macromolecules and Lipids

Energy and Life

Cell Structure and Function

Cell Membranes

Cellular Signaling

Cell Respiration

Photosynthetic Processes

Mitosis

Mendelian Genetics

Linkage and Chromosomes

Nucleic Acids and Inheritance

Expression of Genes

Control of Gene Expression

Dna Technology

The Evolution of Genomes

How Evolution Works

Phylogenetic Reconstruction

Microevolution

Species and Speciation

Macroevolution

Introduction to Viruses

Prokaryotes

The Origin and Evolution of Eukaryotes

Nonvascular and Seedless Vascular Plants

Seed Plants

Introduction to Fungi

An Introduction to Animal Diversity

Invertebrates

Vertebrates

Plant Structure and Growth

Transport in Vascular Plants

Plant Nutrition

Reproduction of Flowering Plants

Plant Signals and Behavior

The Animal Body

Chemical Signals in Animals

Animal Digestive Systems

Animal Transport Systems

Animal Excretory Systems

Animal Reproductive Systems

Development in Animals

Animal Defenses Against Infection

Electrical Signals in Animals

Neural Regulation in Animals

Sensation and Movement in Animals

An Overview of Ecology

Behavioral Ecology

Populations and Life History Traits

Biodiversity and Communities

Energy Flow and Chemical Cycling in Ecosystems

Conservation and Global Ecology

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