Exam 40: The Animal Body

The hypothalamus in the brain releases the hormone corticotropin-releasing hormone (CRH) that triggers the release of adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH) from the pituitary gland. ACTH travels through the blood to cause the release of cortisol from the cortex of the adrenal glands. If cortisol acts with negative feedback on CRH and ACTH, what would you expect to happen when cortisol is released?

In a cool environment, an ectotherm is more likely to survive an extended period of food deprivation than would an equally sized endotherm because the ectotherm ________.

Which of the following organisms is most likely to have the highest total annual energy expenditure?

You are studying a large tropical reptile that has a high and relatively stable body temperature. Which of the following observations is best for determining if the animal is an endotherm or an ectotherm?

Which of the following features is shared by all animals?

Which organ system is responsible for protection against injury, infection, and dehydration?

Which of the following characteristics is shared by all types of muscle tissue?

The temperature-regulating center of vertebrate animals is located in the ________.

Some animals have no gills when young, but then develop gills that grow larger as the animal grows larger. Which of the following statements provides the best explanation for this increase in gill size?

Which type of cell is specialized to store fat in animals?

Which body system assists with coordination of vertebrate body functions via chemical signals?

Which of these provides the best advantage for an animal that conforms to a changing environmental condition, such as temperature?

The body's automatic tendency to maintain a constant and optimal internal environment is termed as ________.

A body tissue that consists largely of material located outside of cells is ________.

In which process is the metabolic breakdown of specialized brown fat deposits in certain animals substantially increased?

Which principle of heat exchange best explains why birds fluff their feathers in colder weather?

Researchers measure the heart rates, breathing rates, and blood volume (relative to body size) for two mammals (X and Y) and found that all three values were significantly higher in mammal X. Which option in the table best compares mammals X and Y?

Consider the energy budgets for a human, an elephant, a penguin, a mouse, and a snake. The ________ would have the highest total annual energy expenditure, and the ________ would have the highest energy expenditure per unit mass.