Question 1

All of the following characterize the hippocampus except:

Accepted Answer

A)  triggers fear emotions and fear memories. 
B)  is part of the limbic system. 
C)  found in the forebrain. 
D)  involved in the transfer of short-term memory to long-term memory. 
E)  contains cells that fire during spatial tasks and then again during sleep for memory consolidation. 
A)  triggers fear emotions and fear memories. 
B)  is part of the limbic system. 
C)  found in the forebrain. 
D)  involved in the transfer of short-term memory to long-term memory. 
E)  contains cells that fire during spatial tasks and then again during sleep for memory consolidation.

Question 2

If a patient is in a coma, the primary region of the brain that is not activating neurons in the cortex is the

Accepted Answer

A)  relay station in the thalamus. 
B)  forebrain. 
C)  limbic system. 
D)  reticular-activating system. 
E)  cerebellum. 
A)  relay station in the thalamus. 
B)  forebrain. 
C)  limbic system. 
D)  reticular-activating system. 
E)  cerebellum.

Question 3

Animals with eyes on the sides of the head have minimal overlap in their fields of vision, which is associated with

Accepted Answer

A)  good night vision. 
B)  larger visual cortexes. 
C)  fewer action potentials in on-center retinal ganglion cells. 
D)  poor depth vision. 
E)  absence of an optic chiasm. 
A)  good night vision. 
B)  larger visual cortexes. 
C)  fewer action potentials in on-center retinal ganglion cells. 
D)  poor depth vision. 
E)  absence of an optic chiasm.

Question 4

In vertebrates, the brain and spinal cord make up the _______ nervous system.

Accepted Answer

The answer of In vertebrates, the brain and spinal cord...

Question 5

Humans and _______ have an expanded insular lobe and are among the relatively small number of species that can _______.

Accepted Answer

A)  dogs; recognize one another as individuals. 
B)  rats; remember spatial locations for a long time. 
C)  crows; consolidate memories. 
D)  mice; recognize themselves in a mirror. 
E)  great apes; recognize themselves in a mirror. 
A)  dogs; recognize one another as individuals. 
B)  rats; remember spatial locations for a long time. 
C)  crows; consolidate memories. 
D)  mice; recognize themselves in a mirror. 
E)  great apes; recognize themselves in a mirror.

Question 6

The brain and spinal cord are connected to tissues and sensors of the body by the

Accepted Answer

A)  central nervous system. 
B)  peripheral nervous system. 
C)  diencephalon. 
D)  enteric nervous system. 
E)  telencephalon. 
A)  central nervous system. 
B)  peripheral nervous system. 
C)  diencephalon. 
D)  enteric nervous system. 
E)  telencephalon.

Question 7

After a head injury, a patient notices a loss of fine motor control and general coordination of his movements, though his muscles are strong.These symptoms are likely to be caused by damage to the

Accepted Answer

A)  frontal lobe. 
B)  cortex. 
C)  thalamus. 
D)  cerebrum. 
E)  cerebellum. 
A)  frontal lobe. 
B)  cortex. 
C)  thalamus. 
D)  cerebrum. 
E)  cerebellum.

Question 8

Which of the following correctly represents the flow of information about light, from the sensory cells in the retina to the brain?

Accepted Answer

A)  Retina F1F1F1S1F1F1F10 optic nerve F1F1F1S1F1F1F10 retinal ganglion cells F1F1F1S1F1F1F10 bipolar cells F1F1F1S1F1F1F10 photoreceptors 
B)  Visual field F1F1F1S1F1F1F10 photoreceptors F1F1F1S1F1F1F10 retinal ganglion cells F1F1F1S1F1F1F10 optic nerve F1F1F1S1F1F1F10 brain 
C)  Photoreceptors F1F1F1S1F1F1F10 bipolar cells F1F1F1S1F1F1F10 retinal ganglion cells F1F1F1S1F1F1F10 optic nerve F1F1F1S1F1F1F10 brain 
D)  Bipolar cells F1F1F1S1F1F1F10 retinal ganglion cells F1F1F1S1F1F1F10 photoreceptors F1F1F1S1F1F1F10 axons F1F1F1S1F1F1F10 brain 
E)  Photoreceptors F1F1F1S1F1F1F10 optic nerves F1F1F1S1F1F1F10 bipolar cells F1F1F1S1F1F1F10 retinal ganglion cells F1F1F1S1F1F1F10 brain 
A)  Retina F1F1F1S1F1F1F10 optic nerve F1F1F1S1F1F1F10 retinal ganglion cells F1F1F1S1F1F1F10 bipolar cells F1F1F1S1F1F1F10 photoreceptors 
B)  Visual field F1F1F1S1F1F1F10 photoreceptors F1F1F1S1F1F1F10 retinal ganglion cells F1F1F1S1F1F1F10 optic nerve F1F1F1S1F1F1F10 brain 
C)  Photoreceptors F1F1F1S1F1F1F10 bipolar cells F1F1F1S1F1F1F10 retinal ganglion cells F1F1F1S1F1F1F10 optic nerve F1F1F1S1F1F1F10 brain 
D)  Bipolar cells F1F1F1S1F1F1F10 retinal ganglion cells F1F1F1S1F1F1F10 photoreceptors F1F1F1S1F1F1F10 axons F1F1F1S1F1F1F10 brain 
E)  Photoreceptors F1F1F1S1F1F1F10 optic nerves F1F1F1S1F1F1F10 bipolar cells F1F1F1S1F1F1F10 retinal ganglion cells F1F1F1S1F1F1F10 brain

Question 9

Choose the correct answer option to complete the table below.Answers should be ordered from 1 to 4 and concern whether on-center and off-center ganglion cells would be excited or inhibited by light falling on particular locations of the receptive field.

Accepted Answer

A)  excited; excited; inhibited; inhibited 
B)  inhibited; excited; inhibited; excited 
C)  excited; inhibited; excited; inhibited 
D)  excited; inhibited; inhibited; excited 
E)  inhibited; inhibited; excited; excited 
A)  excited; excited; inhibited; inhibited 
B)  inhibited; excited; inhibited; excited 
C)  excited; inhibited; excited; inhibited 
D)  excited; inhibited; inhibited; excited 
E)  inhibited; inhibited; excited; excited

Question 10

Neurons in the visual cortex are organized into _______ with _______ cells at the boarders of the columns.

Accepted Answer

A)  centers and surrounds; binocular 
B)  columns; horizontal 
C)  rows; ganglion 
D)  columns; binocular 
E)  borders; bipolar 
A)  centers and surrounds; binocular 
B)  columns; horizontal 
C)  rows; ganglion 
D)  columns; binocular 
E)  borders; bipolar

Question 11

All of the following are specific lobes of the human cerebrum except:

Accepted Answer

A)  frontal. 
B)  thalamic. 
C)  parietal. 
D)  temporal. 
E)  occipital. 
A)  frontal. 
B)  thalamic. 
C)  parietal. 
D)  temporal. 
E)  occipital.

Question 12

The flow of information in the brain that allows you to repeat spoken language is different from the flow of information that allows you to read a word out loud.Say the word: "biology." Which of the following represents the correct flow of information that allowed you to do this?

Accepted Answer

A)  Primary visual area F1F1F1S1F1F1F10 angular gyrus F1F1F1S1F1F1F10 Wernicke's area F1F1F1S1F1F1F10 Broca's area F1F1F1S1F1F1F10 primary motor cortex 
B)  Angular gyrus F1F1F1S1F1F1F10 Broca's area F1F1F1S1F1F1F10 Wernicke's area F1F1F1S1F1F1F10 primary visual area F1F1F1S1F1F1F10 primary motor cortex 
C)  Primary motor cortex F1F1F1S1F1F1F10 primary visual area F1F1F1S1F1F1F10 angular gyrus F1F1F1S1F1F1F10 Wernicke's area F1F1F1S1F1F1F10 Broca's area 
D)  Angular gyrus F1F1F1S1F1F1F10 primary visual area F1F1F1S1F1F1F10 Wernicke's area F1F1F1S1F1F1F10 Broca's area F1F1F1S1F1F1F10 primary motor cortex 
E)  Broca's area F1F1F1S1F1F1F10 angular gyrus F1F1F1S1F1F1F10 Wernicke's area F1F1F1S1F1F1F10 primary motor cortex F1F1F1S1F1F1F10 primary visual cortex 
A)  Primary visual area F1F1F1S1F1F1F10 angular gyrus F1F1F1S1F1F1F10 Wernicke's area F1F1F1S1F1F1F10 Broca's area F1F1F1S1F1F1F10 primary motor cortex 
B)  Angular gyrus F1F1F1S1F1F1F10 Broca's area F1F1F1S1F1F1F10 Wernicke's area F1F1F1S1F1F1F10 primary visual area F1F1F1S1F1F1F10 primary motor cortex 
C)  Primary motor cortex F1F1F1S1F1F1F10 primary visual area F1F1F1S1F1F1F10 angular gyrus F1F1F1S1F1F1F10 Wernicke's area F1F1F1S1F1F1F10 Broca's area 
D)  Angular gyrus F1F1F1S1F1F1F10 primary visual area F1F1F1S1F1F1F10 Wernicke's area F1F1F1S1F1F1F10 Broca's area F1F1F1S1F1F1F10 primary motor cortex 
E)  Broca's area F1F1F1S1F1F1F10 angular gyrus F1F1F1S1F1F1F10 Wernicke's area F1F1F1S1F1F1F10 primary motor cortex F1F1F1S1F1F1F10 primary visual cortex

Question 13

In response to a loud noise, the autonomic nervous system sends messages to accelerate the heartbeat and inhibit digestive tract activity.The efferent pathway for these commands begins in the central nervous system, and the next synapse will occur in a(n) _______ outside of the central nervous system.

Accepted Answer

The answer of In response to a loud noise, the...

Question 14

Refer to the figure, which shows the rate of action potentials in a ganglion cell.   What can you conclude about the type of cell being monitored?

Accepted Answer

A)  It is an off-center ganglion cell. 
B)  It is an on-center ganglion cell. 
C)  It is a photoreceptor. 
D)  It is a bipolar cell. 
E)  It is a horizontal cell. 
A)  It is an off-center ganglion cell. 
B)  It is an on-center ganglion cell. 
C)  It is a photoreceptor. 
D)  It is a bipolar cell. 
E)  It is a horizontal cell.

Question 15

Which of the following is not true of the hypothalamus?

Accepted Answer

A)  It controls the pituitary gland. 
B)  It develops from the telencephalon. 
C)  It is located below the thalamus. 
D)  It regulates many physiological functions. 
E)  It regulates biological drives. 
A)  It controls the pituitary gland. 
B)  It develops from the telencephalon. 
C)  It is located below the thalamus. 
D)  It regulates many physiological functions. 
E)  It regulates biological drives.

Question 16

Researchers experimenting on ganglion cells of the retina wish to produce the highest number of action potentials possible.To accomplish this, they should direct their beam of light to the _______ of an _______ ganglion cell's receptive field.

Accepted Answer

A)  center and surround; on-center 
B)  center and surround; off-center 
C)  center; off-center 
D)  center; on-center 
E)  surround; on-center 
A)  center and surround; on-center 
B)  center and surround; off-center 
C)  center; off-center 
D)  center; on-center 
E)  surround; on-center

Question 17

Refer to the figure below.The electroencephalogram (EEG) recordings for Awake and REM sleep are similar because

Accepted Answer

A)  slow wave patterns occur in both states. 
B)  several nuclei in the reticular-activating system in the brainstem are active during both states. 
C)  the thalamus and the cortex are inactive in both states. 
D)  synchronized bursts of cortical neurons characterize both states. 
E)  information processing is inhibited in REM sleep but not in the awake state. 
A)  slow wave patterns occur in both states. 
B)  several nuclei in the reticular-activating system in the brainstem are active during both states. 
C)  the thalamus and the cortex are inactive in both states. 
D)  synchronized bursts of cortical neurons characterize both states. 
E)  information processing is inhibited in REM sleep but not in the awake state.

Question 18

Both the primary somatosensory cortex and the primary motor cortex have all regions of the body represented within each cortex.How is this representation organized?

Accepted Answer

A)  Larger body parts are represented by more neurons within each cortex. 
B)  Areas of the body requiring greater muscle strength have more neurons located in both cortexes. 
C)  Representation is proportional to the innervation of the body area that results in finer motor control or greater sensitivity. 
D)  The senses of sight and hearing occupy most of the cortical map, with all other body parts having fewer neurons in either cortex. 
E)  Information from muscle fibers is distributed uniformly throughout the primary motor cortex, which passes this information on to the somatosensory cortex. 
A)  Larger body parts are represented by more neurons within each cortex. 
B)  Areas of the body requiring greater muscle strength have more neurons located in both cortexes. 
C)  Representation is proportional to the innervation of the body area that results in finer motor control or greater sensitivity. 
D)  The senses of sight and hearing occupy most of the cortical map, with all other body parts having fewer neurons in either cortex. 
E)  Information from muscle fibers is distributed uniformly throughout the primary motor cortex, which passes this information on to the somatosensory cortex.

Question 19

The region of the cerebral cortex that is involved in processing higher-order information is the

Accepted Answer

A)  limbic system. 
B)  cortex system. 
C)  association cortex. 
D)  telencephalon. 
E)  thalamus. 
A)  limbic system. 
B)  cortex system. 
C)  association cortex. 
D)  telencephalon. 
E)  thalamus.

Question 20

Refer to the figure, which shows a cross section of an adult human brain.   The three parts of structure 1 develop from the midbrain and regions of the hindbrain of an embryo and control many autonomic functions, such as breathing and basic motor patterns.Collectively these three parts are known as the

Accepted Answer

A)  brainstem. 
B)  cerebellum. 
C)  cerebrum. 
D)  spinal cord. 
E)  cerebral cortex. 
A)  brainstem. 
B)  cerebellum. 
C)  cerebrum. 
D)  spinal cord. 
E)  cerebral cortex.

Exam 46: The Mammalian Nervous System: Structure and Higher Functions

All of the following characterize the hippocampus except:

If a patient is in a coma, the primary region of the brain that is not activating neurons in the cortex is the

Animals with eyes on the sides of the head have minimal overlap in their fields of vision, which is associated with

In vertebrates, the brain and spinal cord make up the _______ nervous system.

Humans and _______ have an expanded insular lobe and are among the relatively small number of species that can _______.

The brain and spinal cord are connected to tissues and sensors of the body by the

After a head injury, a patient notices a loss of fine motor control and general coordination of his movements, though his muscles are strong.These symptoms are likely to be caused by damage to the

Which of the following correctly represents the flow of information about light, from the sensory cells in the retina to the brain?

Choose the correct answer option to complete the table below.Answers should be ordered from 1 to 4 and concern whether on-center and off-center ganglion cells would be excited or inhibited by light falling on particular locations of the receptive field.

Neurons in the visual cortex are organized into _______ with _______ cells at the boarders of the columns.

All of the following are specific lobes of the human cerebrum except:

The flow of information in the brain that allows you to repeat spoken language is different from the flow of information that allows you to read a word out loud.Say the word: "biology." Which of the following represents the correct flow of information that allowed you to do this?

Refer to the figure, which shows the rate of action potentials in a ganglion cell. What can you conclude about the type of cell being monitored?

Which of the following is not true of the hypothalamus?

Researchers experimenting on ganglion cells of the retina wish to produce the highest number of action potentials possible.To accomplish this, they should direct their beam of light to the _______ of an _______ ganglion cell's receptive field.

Refer to the figure below.The electroencephalogram (EEG) recordings for Awake and REM sleep are similar because

Both the primary somatosensory cortex and the primary motor cortex have all regions of the body represented within each cortex.How is this representation organized?

The region of the cerebral cortex that is involved in processing higher-order information is the

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Humans and _ have an expanded insular lobe and are among the relatively small number of species that can _.

Neurons in the visual cortex are organized into _ with _ cells at the boarders of the columns.

Researchers experimenting on ganglion cells of the retina wish to produce the highest number of action potentials possible.To accomplish this, they should direct their beam of light to the _ of an _ ganglion cell's receptive field.