Exam 27: Prokaryotes

The following table depicts characteristics of five prokaryotic species (1-5). Use the information in the table to answer the following question. Which species is capable of directed movement?

Mitochondria are thought to be the descendants of certain alpha proteobacteria. They are, however, no longer able to lead independent lives because most genes originally present in their genome have moved to the nuclear genome. Which phenomenon accounts for the movement of these genes?

Which of the following statements correctly describes exotoxins and endotoxins produced by various bacteria?

If all prokaryotes on Earth suddenly vanished, which of the following would be the most likely and most direct result?

Which of the following characteristics is most likely found in plaque on human teeth if plaque is a biofilm?

The predatory bacterium Bdellovibrio bacteriovorus is able to penetrate a gram-negative bacterium that has a slimy cell covering. What is the correct sequence of structures penetrated by B. bacteriovorus on its way to the prey's cytoplasm?

Which of the following statements is true?

A bacterium has the following characteristics: ∙ It adheres to the human intestinal lining using a feature that protects it from phagocytes, bacteriophages, and dehydration ∙ It can survive being boiled ∙ It contains no plasmids and relatively little peptidoglycan Which of the following characteristics allows this bacterium to adhere to the intestinal lining?

A process that cannot produce genetic variation in bacterial populations is ________.

Which of the following describes a bacterium that lives in the human intestine and causes disease?

A bacterium has the following characteristics: ∙ It adheres to the human intestinal lining using a feature that protects it from phagocytes, bacteriophages, and dehydration. ∙ It can survive being boiled. ∙ It contains no plasmids and relatively little peptidoglycan. Which of the following characteristics allows this bacterium to survive in a human who is taking penicillin pills?

Some bacteria possess antibiotic resistance, as well as the ability to survive through adverse conditions. Where in this type of bacteria is the DNA located?

Living organisms can be divided into two groups: autotrophs and heterotrophs. How do these two groups differ?

Which of the following statements is the most likely result of conjugation involving a bacterium that contains a copy of a plasmid containing a gene for tetracycline resistance with one that does not?

Photosynthesis that releases O₂ occurs in ________.

The following question refers to the figure. In an eight-year experiment, a population of E. coli, begun from a single cell, was grown in low-glucose conditions. The culture was transferred to fresh growth medium every 24 hours. Periodically, samples were removed from each population and the ability to survive in low-glucose conditions was compared with the original (ancestral) E. coli population. The cells in the cell line grown in low-glucose conditions showed the effects of which of the following processes?

Use the following information and graph to answer the question. The figure depicts changes to the amount of DNA present in a recipient cell that is engaged in conjugation with an Hfr cell. Hfr cell DNA begins entering the recipient cell at time A. Assume that a fragment of the recipient cell's chromosome is exchanged for a homologous fragment from the Hfr cell's DNA. At which time can the recipient cell first be described as "recombinant"?

Which of the following statements about flagella provides the best support for the claim that the flagella from eukaryotes and bacteria evolved independently?

Which of the following characteristics describe most existing bacteria?

Which of the following traits do archaeans and bacteria have in common?