Question 1

Chromosomes contain large amounts of interacting proteins known as

Accepted Answer

A)  pentanes. 
B)  centrosomes. 
C)  histones. 
D)  protein hormones. 
E)  cyclins. 
A)  pentanes. 
B)  centrosomes. 
C)  histones. 
D)  protein hormones. 
E)  cyclins.

Question 2

A mutation causes difficulty in the separation of sister chromatids during mitosis.Based on what you have read, the most likely cause of this phenomenon is that

Accepted Answer

A)  the histones are too positively charged. 
B)  the histones are not sufficiently positively charged. 
C)  cyclin levels are inappropriate. 
D)  there is a defect in the spindle apparatus. 
E)  there is a defect in the cell wall. 
A)  the histones are too positively charged. 
B)  the histones are not sufficiently positively charged. 
C)  cyclin levels are inappropriate. 
D)  there is a defect in the spindle apparatus. 
E)  there is a defect in the cell wall.

Question 3

Which statement about homologous chromosome pairs is false?

Accepted Answer

A)  They come from only one of the individual's parents. 
B)  They usually contain slightly different versions of the same genetic information. 
C)  They separate from each other during meiosis I. 
D)  They synapse during meiosis I. 
E)  All of the above are true; none is false. 
A)  They come from only one of the individual's parents. 
B)  They usually contain slightly different versions of the same genetic information. 
C)  They separate from each other during meiosis I. 
D)  They synapse during meiosis I. 
E)  All of the above are true; none is false.

Question 4

The products of mitosis are

Accepted Answer

A)  one nucleus containing twice as much DNA as the parent nucleus. 
B)  two genetically identical cells. 
C)  four nuclei containing half as much DNA as the parent nucleus. 
D)  four genetically identical nuclei. 
E)  two genetically identical nuclei. 
A)  one nucleus containing twice as much DNA as the parent nucleus. 
B)  two genetically identical cells. 
C)  four nuclei containing half as much DNA as the parent nucleus. 
D)  four genetically identical nuclei. 
E)  two genetically identical nuclei.

Question 5

Which example is not a use of apoptosis in the regular functioning of an organism?

Accepted Answer

A)  Plants' hypersensitive response to wall off infectious agents 
B)  Removal of excess tissue during development 
C)  Replacement of cells subject to regular damage 
D)  Destruction of cells with DNA errors 
E)  All of the above are routine applications of apoptosis. 
A)  Plants' hypersensitive response to wall off infectious agents 
B)  Removal of excess tissue during development 
C)  Replacement of cells subject to regular damage 
D)  Destruction of cells with DNA errors 
E)  All of the above are routine applications of apoptosis.

Question 6

If an egg of a species has 32 chromosomes, then a zygote would have _______ chromosomes.

Accepted Answer

The answer of If an egg of a species has...

Question 7

Programmed cell death (apoptosis)

Accepted Answer

A)  occurs in cells that have been deprived of essential nutrients. 
B)  occurs only in cells that have damaged DNA. 
C)  is a natural process during development. 
D)  is signaled by the initiation of mitosis. 
E)  is well controlled in cancer cells. 
A)  occurs in cells that have been deprived of essential nutrients. 
B)  occurs only in cells that have damaged DNA. 
C)  is a natural process during development. 
D)  is signaled by the initiation of mitosis. 
E)  is well controlled in cancer cells.

Question 8

Describe how a cell exposed to radiation for a prolonged period of time might trigger and proceed with apoptosis.

Accepted Answer

A cell that has been damaged by radiatio

Question 9

A patient who was treated for skin cancer was considered in remission but now has tumors in other organs.This is due to _______ of the original cancer.

Accepted Answer

The answer of A patient who was treated for skin...

Question 10

When you cut yourself, the wound will most likely release

Accepted Answer

A)  interferon. 
B)  cyclins. 
C)  Cdk's. 
D)  erythropoietin. 
E)  platelet-derived growth factor. 
A)  interferon. 
B)  cyclins. 
C)  Cdk's. 
D)  erythropoietin. 
E)  platelet-derived growth factor.

Question 11

In order to divide, cells must be stimulated by external chemical signals called _______.

Accepted Answer

The answer of In order to divide, cells must be...

Question 12

The members of a homologous pair of chromosomes

Accepted Answer

A)  are identical in size and appearance. 
B)  contain identical genetic information. 
C)  separate to opposite poles of the cell during mitosis. 
D)  are found only in haploid cells. 
E)  are present only after the S phase. 
A)  are identical in size and appearance. 
B)  contain identical genetic information. 
C)  separate to opposite poles of the cell during mitosis. 
D)  are found only in haploid cells. 
E)  are present only after the S phase.

Question 13

A cell in G1 contains 18 chromosomes.That same cell in G2 would have

Accepted Answer

A)  9 chromosomes. 
B)  36 chromosomes. 
C)  9 sister chromatids. 
D)  18 sister chromatids. 
E)  36 sister chromatids. 
A)  9 chromosomes. 
B)  36 chromosomes. 
C)  9 sister chromatids. 
D)  18 sister chromatids. 
E)  36 sister chromatids.

Question 14

Mature nerve cells, which are incapable of cell division, are most likely in

Accepted Answer

A)  G1. 
B)  the S phase. 
C)  G2. 
D)  mitosis. 
E)  meiosis. 
A)  G1. 
B)  the S phase. 
C)  G2. 
D)  mitosis. 
E)  meiosis.

Question 15

Asexual reproduction produces genetically identical individuals because

Accepted Answer

A)  chromosomes do not have to replicate during asexual reproduction. 
B)  it involves chromosome replication without cytokinesis. 
C)  no meiosis or fertilization take place. 
D)  cell division occurs only in meiosis. 
E)  the mitotic spindle prevents nondisjunction. 
A)  chromosomes do not have to replicate during asexual reproduction. 
B)  it involves chromosome replication without cytokinesis. 
C)  no meiosis or fertilization take place. 
D)  cell division occurs only in meiosis. 
E)  the mitotic spindle prevents nondisjunction.

Question 16

Cancer-fighting drugs are usually given in combination to target several different stages of the cell cycle.Which statement best explains why this might be a better approach than use of a single drug?

Accepted Answer

A)  Cancers often have multiple mutations in different cells of the tumor, and some of these mutations might affect different parts of the cell cycle. 
B)  A single drug approach might not pick the correct drug on the first try, so trying many at once saves time. 
C)  Cancer-fighting drugs are not very potent, so many are needed at the same time. 
D)  Cancer cells constantly change, and multiple drugs can overcome those changes. 
E)  None of the above; this is not a better approach and is not well thought out. 
A)  Cancers often have multiple mutations in different cells of the tumor, and some of these mutations might affect different parts of the cell cycle. 
B)  A single drug approach might not pick the correct drug on the first try, so trying many at once saves time. 
C)  Cancer-fighting drugs are not very potent, so many are needed at the same time. 
D)  Cancer cells constantly change, and multiple drugs can overcome those changes. 
E)  None of the above; this is not a better approach and is not well thought out.

Question 17

To produce larger seeds, researchers cross two varieties of a grain.These researchers are attempting to cause

Accepted Answer

A)  aneuploidy. 
B)  autopolyploidy. 
C)  allopolyploidy. 
D)  apoptosis. 
E)  translocation. 
A)  aneuploidy. 
B)  autopolyploidy. 
C)  allopolyploidy. 
D)  apoptosis. 
E)  translocation.

Question 18

If a cell in G2 has 1.6 pg of DNA, it had _______ of DNA in G1.

Accepted Answer

A)  0.4 pg 
B)  0.8 pg 
C)  1.6 pg 
D)  3.2 pg 
E)  1.6 pg if it is a plant cell and 3.2 pg if it is an animal cell 
A)  0.4 pg 
B)  0.8 pg 
C)  1.6 pg 
D)  3.2 pg 
E)  1.6 pg if it is a plant cell and 3.2 pg if it is an animal cell

Question 19

Differentiate between necrosis and apoptosis.

Accepted Answer

Necrosis occurs when a cell is damaged b

Question 20

In which stage of meiosis would chiasmata be visible?

Accepted Answer

A)  Late prophase of meiosis I 
B)  Interphase preceding meiosis II 
C)  Telophase I 
D)  Anaphase II 
E)  Interphase preceding meiosis I 
A)  Late prophase of meiosis I 
B)  Interphase preceding meiosis II 
C)  Telophase I 
D)  Anaphase II 
E)  Interphase preceding meiosis I

Exam 11: The Cell Cycle and Cell Division

Chromosomes contain large amounts of interacting proteins known as

A mutation causes difficulty in the separation of sister chromatids during mitosis.Based on what you have read, the most likely cause of this phenomenon is that

Which statement about homologous chromosome pairs is false?

The products of mitosis are

Which example is not a use of apoptosis in the regular functioning of an organism?

If an egg of a species has 32 chromosomes, then a zygote would have _______ chromosomes.

Programmed cell death (apoptosis)

Describe how a cell exposed to radiation for a prolonged period of time might trigger and proceed with apoptosis.

A patient who was treated for skin cancer was considered in remission but now has tumors in other organs.This is due to _______ of the original cancer.

When you cut yourself, the wound will most likely release

In order to divide, cells must be stimulated by external chemical signals called _______.

The members of a homologous pair of chromosomes

A cell in G1 contains 18 chromosomes.That same cell in G2 would have

Mature nerve cells, which are incapable of cell division, are most likely in

Asexual reproduction produces genetically identical individuals because

Cancer-fighting drugs are usually given in combination to target several different stages of the cell cycle.Which statement best explains why this might be a better approach than use of a single drug?

To produce larger seeds, researchers cross two varieties of a grain.These researchers are attempting to cause

If a cell in G2 has 1.6 pg of DNA, it had _______ of DNA in G1.

Differentiate between necrosis and apoptosis.

In which stage of meiosis would chiasmata be visible?

Studying Life

Small Molecules and the Chemistry of Life

Proteins, Carbohydrates, and Lipids

Nucleic Acids and the Origin of Life

Cells: the Working Units of Life

Cell Membranes

Cell Communication and Multicellularity

Energy, Enzymes, and Metabolism

Pathways That Harvest Chemical Energy

Photosynthesis: Energy From Sunlight

Inheritance, Genes, and Chromosomes

Dna and Its Role in Heredity

From Dna to Protein: Gene Expression

Gene Mutation and Molecular Medicine

Regulation of Gene Expression

Genomes

Recombinant Dna and Biotechnology

Mechanisms of Evolution

Reconstructing and Using Phylogenies

Speciation

Evolution of Genes and Genomes

The History of Life on Earth

Bacteria, Archaea, and Viruses

The Origin and Diversification of Eukaryotes

Plants Without Seeds: From Water to Land

The Evolution of Seed Plants

The Evolution and Diversity of Fungi

Animal Origins and the Evolution of Body Plans

Protostome Animals

Deuterostome Animals

The Plant Body

Transport in Plants

Plant Nutrition

Regulation of Plant Growth

Reproduction in Flowering Plants

Plant Responses to Environmental Challenges

Physiology, Homeostasis, and Temperature Regulation

Animal Hormones

Immunology: Animal Defense Systems

Animal Reproduction

Animal Development

Neurons, Glia, and Nervous Systems

Sensory Systems

The Mammalian Nervous System: Structure and Higher Functions

Musculoskeletal Systems

Gas Exchange

Circulatory Systems

Nutrition, Digestion, and Absorption

Salt and Water Balance and Nitrogen Excretion

Animal Behavior

The Physical Environment and Biogeography of Life

Populations

Species Interactions

Communities

Ecosystems

A Changing Biosphere

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